Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting Online
Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person's personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.
The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent General Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims, of identity theft every year. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have been victimized.
Identity theft is "all absolute epidemic," states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate of privacy. "It's certainly picked up in the last four or five years. It's worldwide. It affects everybody, and there's very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can't detect it until it's probably too late."
Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, your personal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephone calling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, to personally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reported that unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, running up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims' names. In many eases, a victim's losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.
According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekers protect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online? The key to a successful online job search is learning to manage the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on the Internet.
1.Cheek for a Privacy Policy
If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search site you are considering has a privacy policy, like CareerBuilder.com. The policy should spell out how your information will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice about posting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be opening yourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors（推销员）.
When reviewing the site's privacy policy, you'll be able to delete your resume just as easily as you posted it. You won't necessarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive, it will receive.
2.Take Advantage of Site Features
Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objectives and the level of risk you are willing to assume.
CareerBuilder.com, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first is standard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadest employer audience possible.
The second is anonymous（匿名的）posting. This allows job seekers the same visibility as those in the standard posting category without any of their contact information being displayed. Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose which pieces of contact information to display.
The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post a resume without having it searched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily apply for jobs that appear on CareerBuilder.com without retyping their information.
3.Safeguard Your Identity
Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic（泛指的）identifier, such as "Intranet Developer Candidate" or "Experienced Marketing Representative”.
You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, it may not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use a general description of the company such as "Major auto manufacturer", or "International packaged goods supplier."
If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigned by your employer.
4.Establish All Email Address for Your Search
Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employment online is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someone you don't know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.
Using an email address specifically for your job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receive unwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn't contain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The best solution is an email address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2004@provider.com.
5.Protect Your References
If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take it out. There's no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of your references.
6.Keep Confident（rmation Confidential
Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver's license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye color. Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. Don't provide this even if they say they need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book—don't fall for it.
1.Robert Ellis Smith believes identity theft is difficult to detect and one can hardly do anything to prevent it.
2.In many cases, identity theft not only causes the victims' immediate financial losses but costs them a lot to restore their reputation.
3.Identity theft is a minor offence and its harm has been somewhat overestimated.
4.It is important that your resume not stay online longer than is necessary.
5.Of the three options offered by CareerBuilder.com in Suggestion 2, the third one is apparently most strongly recommended.
6.Employers require applicants to submit very personal information on background checks.
7.Applicants are advised to use generic names for themselves and their current employers when seeking employment online.
8.Using a special email address in the job search can help prevent you from receiving_______________.
9.To protect your references, you should not post online their___________________________________.
10.According to the passage, identity theft is committed typically for____________________________.
1.【答案】Y
【解析】依据第三段末句“It affects everybody, and there's very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can't detect it until it's probably too late.”通过这句话可知，身份信息被窃取会影响到每一个人，人们对此却无能为力。最糟糕的是，当人们发现身份信息被窃取时，可能为时已晚。据此判断，本题答案是Y。
2.【答案】Y
【解析】依据第四段末句“In many cases, a victim's losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated...”通过这句话可知，在许多情况下，受害人必须承受的损失不仅是金钱上的实际损失，而且还包括受害人试图恢复其在公众中的声誉、修正其不良信息时，不得不承担的其他大量的经济损失。据此判断，本题答案是Y。
3.【答案】N
【解析】依据第五段首句“According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet.”通过这句话可知，根据FBI的调查结果，个人信息欺诈是网上欺诈行为最多的一种。第二段最后两句“A recent...estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime...”通过这两句话可知，根据总会计署的报告，在美国。每年身份信息被窃取的人数高达75万。这有可能只是保守估计，因为有些人即使被窃取了身份信息，也不去报警。据此判断，本题答案是N。
4.【答案】Y
【解析】依据第一小标题第二段第二句“You won't necessarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you land a job.”通过这句话可知，一旦自己找到了工作，就不必再将简历发布在网络上了。据此判断，本题答案是Y。
5.【答案】NG
【解析】依据第二小标题首段第二句“Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objectives and the level of risk you are willing to assume.”通过这句话可知，在发布简历之前，要仔细考虑自己的求职目标以及自己愿意承担的风险程度。接下来分别介绍三种保护隐私的简历发布形式。据此判断，本题答案是NC。
6.【答案】N
【解析】依据第六小标题第二句“Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application.”通过这句话可知，真正的雇主在求职者初次申请工作时并不需要这些信息。据此判断，本题答案是N。
7.【答案】Y
【解析】依据第三小标题首段末句“Replace your name on your resume with a generic identifier, such as...”通过这句话可知，在简历上改换名字，使用一些泛指的称呼，如"企业内部网络开发员职位应聘人"或者"经验丰富的营销业务代理"等。又据第二段首句“You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer.”通过这句话可知，求职者应该考虑删除现在雇主的姓名和地址。据以上内容判断，本题答案是Y。
8.【答案】unwelcome emails
【解析】依据第四小标题第二段首句“Using an email address specifically for your job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receive unwelcome emails in your primary mailbox.”通过这句话可知，开立一个专门用来进行网上求职的电子邮件账户还能使自己的常用邮箱免受垃圾邮件的骚扰。据此判断，本题答案是unwelcome emails。
9.【答案】names and contact information／private contact information
【解析】依据第五小标题“If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take it out. There's no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of your references.”通过这段话可知，如果你的简历上包含介绍证明人的姓名和联系信息的部分，一定要删除。想要保护自己的个人信息，却公开自己证明人的联系信息，这样做是不对的。据此判断，本题答案是names and contact information／private contact information。
10.【答案】economic gain
【解析】依据第一段“Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to...in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.”通过这段话可知，“窃取身份信息”和“身份信息欺诈”这两个术语指各种类型的通过欺诈等不正当方式，尤指以获得经济利益为目的，非法获取和使用他人身份信息的犯罪行为。据此判断，本题答案是economic gain。
参考译文
网上求职请注意保护个人隐私
“窃取身份信息”和“身份信息欺诈”这两个术语指各种类型的通过欺诈等不正当方式，尤指以获得经济利益为目的，非法获取和使用他人身份信息的犯罪行为。
最近，与窃取身份信息相关的数字不断增长。来自总审计局的一份最近的报告估计美国每年身份信息被窃取的人数高达75万。这有可能只是保守估计，因为有些人即使被窃取了身份信息，也不去报警。
Robert Ellis Smith是一位令人尊敬的作家，同时也是“尊重个人隐私”的倡导者。他说：身份信息被窃取“绝对是普遍存在的。在过去的四、五年里，其蔓延速度非常惊人，并且是全球性的，会影响到我们每一个人。然而人们对此却是无能为力。最糟糕的是，当人们发现自己的身份信息被窃取时，可能为时已晚。”
每个人的指纹都是不同的，别人无法据为己有。而个人信息则不同。个人信息，尤其是个人的社保号码、银行账户或信用卡号码、电话卡号码以及其他有价值的个人身份信息，一旦落入坏人之手，都可能被用来谋取利益，这当然是以你的损失为代价。比如在美国和加拿大，许多人报告说，有人未经授权就已经从他们的银行账户或金融账户中支取了资金，甚至更为严重的是，同时窃取了他们的身份信息，盗用受害人的名号高筑债台或进行犯罪活动。在许多情况下，受害人承受的损失不仅是金钱上的实际损失，而受害人在试图恢复其在公众中的声誉、修正其不良信息时，还必须承担大量其他的经济损失。而这些损失的成本应该是由犯罪分子承担责任的。
联邦调查局的调查显示，个人信息欺诈是最多的一种网上欺诈行为。那么，求职者们不断在网上发布个人简历时，又该如何保护自己呢？成功进行网上求职的关键在于学会如何应对风险。下面介绍一些有益的方法来帮助大家确保网上求职时的安全。
1.检查隐私保护条款。
如果你打算在网上发布个人简历，一定要确保自己所考虑的求职网站必须和CareerBuilder.com网站一样有隐私保护条款。隐私条款应当明确说明个人信息将被如何使用、如何存储以及是否会被共享。在决定把个人简历发布到能够自动与他人共享信息的网站上之前，一定要三思而后行，因为如果这样的话，个人信息将被公开，甚至可能会不断接到推销员们的骚扰电话。
要反复查看网站的隐私保护条款，确保自己既能自如地发布简历，也能够自如地删除简历。一旦自己找到了工作，就不必再将简历发布在网络上。一定要记住：简历在网站上发布的时间越久，自己的隐私信息暴露得就会越多，当然这种暴露既包含积极的因素，也含有不很积极的因素。
2.充分利用网站的特色。
合法的求职网站能够提供不同级别的隐私保护。在发布简历之前，要仔细考虑自己的求职目标以及自己愿意承担的风险程度。
例如，CareerBuilder网站就提供了三种不同级别的隐私保护条款，以供求职者进行选择。第一种是标准发布。选择这种发布方式可以使最大可能范围内的雇主群体看到求职者的简历。
第二种是匿名发布。选择这种发布方式所能达到的目标群体和标准发布相同，只不过不需要发布个人的任何联系信息。希望匿名但又想分享一些其他信息的求职者可以选择发布任意一种个人联系方式。
第三种是秘密发布。选择这种发布方式可以帮助求职者发布简历，同时又能不被现在的雇主搜索到。秘密发布给求职者带来的好处在于，他们能够快速便捷地申请CareerBuilder网站上发布的招聘信息，而不需要重复输入他们的相关信息。
3.保护自己的身份信息。
职业专家们认为，求职者们如果想在网络搜寻职位的同时保证安全，最好的方法之一就是隐藏个人的身份信息。在简历上改换名字，使用一些泛指的称呼，如“企业内部网络开发员职位应聘人”或者“经验丰富的营销业务代理”等。
应该考虑删除现在雇主的姓名和所在地址。一旦提供现在所在公司的名称，通过查看你在公司的头衔，确定你的身份应该不会是一件很难的事情。可以对现在的公司进行一般化的描述，比如“重要的汽车生产商”或“国际包装产品供应商”。
如果你的头衔名称比较奇特，可以考虑使用一些普通的但意义相同的头衔，而不使用雇主所规定的完全一样的头衔。
4.申请一个专供求职使用的电子邮箱。
网上求职时保护个人隐私的另一种方法是开立一个专门用来进行网上求职的电子邮件账户。如果出现陌生人掌握了你的这个电子邮件地址，并且与别人分享的情况，这样做可以保护你现有的电子邮箱。
开立一个专门用来进行网上求职的电子邮件账户还能使自己的常用邮箱免受垃圾邮件的骚扰。为新的电子邮件地址命名时，要确保其中没有自己的姓名和其他会泄漏个人身份的信息。最好的解决方法是选取一个与你所申请的工作相关的电子邮件地址，比如salesmgr2004@provider.com.
5.保护你的证明人。
如果你的简历上包含介绍证明人的姓名和联系信息的部分，一定要删除。想要保护自己的个人信息，却公开自己证明人的联系信息，这样做是不对的。
6.机密的信息一定要机密。
在任何情况下都不能泄漏自己的社保号码、驾照号码、银行账号和其他个人信息，如种族、眼睛颜色等。真正的雇主在求职人初次申请工作时并不需要这些信息。即使有的雇主声称他们需要你的这些信息进行身份背景核查，也坚决不能提供。这是书本上最老套的把戏了，千万不要中了它的圈套。
