Giving psychologists the option to become trained prescribers may create a division among psychologists whereby some will be able to prescribe and others will not. As a result, major discord could emerge. It is possible that psychologists with the right to prescribe may consider themselves superior to those without the right. If gaining prescription privileges would lead to broader third party payments or full hospital privileges for those qualified to prescribe, psychologists unable to do so may feel that they have been accorded second class status in their profession.
The debate, thus far, has focused on the training necessary to grant psychologists prescription privileges. Although this matter is important, of more basic concern are treatment implications and the future role of psychologists. Prescription privileges could move psychologists closer to a medical model and further away from their historical goal. Psychology began in the late 19th century as an application for psychological techniques. Its focus has been on assessment, behavioral interventions, consultation, and applied research. Before the widespread use of psychotropic medications, psychiatry emphasized the practice of psychotherapy. Gradually, psychiatry moved toward increased reliance on drugs and away from psychotherapy. It is possible, over time, that psychologists, like psychiatrists, could become more influenced by the use of medication.
Despite the argument that prescription privileges significantly may alter traditional psychotherapeutic implications, some psychologists strongly feel that they would be looked upon more favorably, gain prestige, and increase their caseload if they could have the same status of prescribing medication as psychiatrists do. Does this mean that a lack of prescription privileges promotes the image of psychology as an inferior profession to psychiatry? Contrary to this argument is the fact that psychologists are delivering more outpatient mental health care than any other group of providers.
Whatever some psychologists may perceive as a therapeutic drawback because they are unable to offer prescriptions for psychotropic medications apparently is not recognized by the general public. Psychologists may have flourished because they have offered a clear and distinct service from psychiatry. The use of medication may send a message to patients that may interfere with personal change and growth. Medications can undercut psychotherapy efforts by implying that benefits come from external agents, not from one's own efforts at change and growth.
A large portion of the population prefers the non-medication orientation of psychology. If psychologists began prescribing medications, many of their patients seeking alternative treatment might turn to social workers or other non medical therapists. There is little question that psychologists prescription privileges could have profound effects on the future direction of their profession.
1.Prescription privileges may lead to professional discord mainly because _______.
A.patients would turn to those qualified to prescribe
B.not all psychologists would gain the right to prescribe
C.trained prescribers are outstanding in their career
D.psychological techniques would become second choice
2.In the eyes of general public,_______.
A.psychology is an inferior profession to psychiatry
B.inability to offer prescription put psychologists at a therapeutic disadvantage
C.medication diminish the effectiveness of psychotherapy
D.prescription privileges could raise the psychologists' image
3.We can infer from the passage that if psychologists could prescribe, _______.
A.it would lead to broader third party payment
B.they would be looked upon more favorably
C.their caseload would increase
D.they might become more influenced by the use of drugs
4.The best title for the passage may be "________".
A.Future Role of Psychologists
B.Prescribing Medications: A Reasonable Choice?
C.Psychology versus Psychiatry
D.Prescription Privileges & Psychotropic Medications
5.The word "accord" (Line 6, Para. 1) means_______.
A.to grant B.to agree C.to conform D.to bring
长难例句分析
［长难例句］Giving psychologists the option to become trained prescribers may create a division among psychologists whereby some will be able to prescribe and others will not.
［结构分析］本句是复合句。whereby是关系副词，意为“靠那个”。giving psychologists the option to become trained prescribers是动名词形式，在句中作主语。
［参考译文］有选择地培训一些心理学者成为处方医生可能造成在心理专家之间的区别，一些专家有资格开处方而另一些却无处方权。
［长难例句］If gaining prescription privileges would lead to broader third party payments or full hospital privileges for those qualified to prescribe, psychologists unable to do so may feel that they have been accorded second class status in their profession.
［结构分析］本句为复合句。If引导条件状语从句，动名词形式gaining prescription privilege是从句中的主语。主句中unable to do so作定语，修饰先行词psychologists。
［参考译文］如果获得处方权会导致第三方的支出增加或者使有处方资格者享有完全的行医权，那些无处方权的心理治疗从业者可能感觉自己已被划为二流的从业人员。
全文参考译文
有选择地培训一些心理学者成为处方医生的选择可能造成心理专家之间的差别：一些专家有资格开处方而另一些却没有。结果分歧产生了，有处方权的心理医生可能感觉优越于无处方权者。如果获得处方权会导致第三方的支出增加或者使有处方权者享有完全的行医特权的话，那些无处方权的心理医生可能会觉得自己被划分为第二流的从业人员。
直到现在，争论的焦点是有没有培训心理学者以使其获得处方权的必要。虽然这个问题很重要，更基础的问题是治疗的含义以及心理学者未来的角色。处方权会使心理学者更像医生进而远离了他们一贯的目标。心理学作为心理技巧的应用始于19世纪晚期。它的中心是评估、行为干预、咨询以及应用研究。在精神类药物广泛传播之前，精神病学更侧重心理疗法。精神病学不断远离心理治疗，而对药物的依赖逐渐增加。随着时间的流逝，有可能发生的是：像精神病医师一样，心理医生也会更多地使用药物疗法。
尽管人们认为处方权会极大地改变传统的心理医疗学的意义，心理学者强烈地感到：如果自己能够像精神病医生那样拥有处方权的话，他们就更受欢迎、获得声望并增加就医人数。这种观点是不是意味着没有处方权就会贬低心理学的形象，使它比精神病学职业的地位更低？事实恰恰相反，心理学者对门诊就医者所提供的心理健康医疗比其他医生都要多。
由于心理医生对作用于精神的药物无处方权，他们可能察觉到这是治疗上的一个缺陷。很明显，这一点并未被公众所接受。心理医生本可以极为成功，因为他们提供的服务完全有别于精神病医疗。药物的使用会传递给病人一种信息，这种信息会干扰个人的变化和发展。药物疗法意味着治疗效果源自外部因素，而非患者在改变和发展中自身努力的结果。在这一点上，药物可能会掩饰心理治疗的效果。
许多人偏爱心理学的非药物治疗。如果心理医生开始写处方，他们的许多病人就会转向社会研究者或其他不用药的医疗师。心理医生的处方权会对他们的职业前景产生深刻影响，这一点几乎是毫无疑问的。
题目答案与解析
1.处方权可能会导致行业分化，主要是因为________。
A.病人可能找那些有处方权的人看病
B.并不是所有的心理医生都有权开处方
C.训练有素的能开处方的人是他们这个行业中的优秀分子
D.心理技术将成为第二选择
【答案】B
【解析】推理暗示题。文章第一、第二句话：给予一部分心理学者处方权会分化整体从业人员，导致思想分歧。而B项提到并不是所有的心理学者都有开处方的权力，因此B项是正确答案。
2.公众认为，________。
A.心理学从业人员比精神病学从业人员差
B.不能开处方会使心理学家在疾病治疗方面处于不利的处境
C.药物减弱了心理疗法的效果
D.处方权可以美化心理学者的形象
【答案】C
【解析】细节判断题。第四段末尾提到medications can undercut psychotherapy efforts by implying，在这一点上，药物可能会掩饰心理治疗的效果。C项恰恰表述了这一意思。
3.从本文我们可以推出，如果心理学者可以开处方，________。
A.可能会导致第三方支出的增加 B.他们可能会更受欢迎
C.就医人数可能会增加 D.他们可能会更多地使用药物疗法
【答案】D
【解析】推理暗示题。文章第二段最后一句话提到像精神病医师一样，心理医生也有可能会更多地使用药物疗法。由此可以推知D项为正确选项。
4.本文最适合的标题是“________”。
A.心理学者未来的角色 B.开处方：一个合理的选择？
C.心理学与精神病学 D.处方权与精神类药物
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要围绕是否有必要给予心理从业人员处方权这一中心思议题展开讨论，由此可见B项是正确选项。
5.单词“accord”（第一段第六行）的意思是________。
A.给予 B.同意 C.顺从 D.带来
【答案】A
【解析】词语释义题。accord意为“给予”，与grant同义。
