英语四级阅读练习是提升英语能力不可或缺的环节。通过深入的阅读练习，我们不仅能够锤炼语言技巧，还能有效扩充四级考试的词汇库，进一步加深对语法知识的理解。这种综合性的学习方式，无疑为全面提升英语水平打下了坚实的基础。以下，我们将以一篇智力的决定因素的文章为例，进行英语四级阅读练习。
英文原文
There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual— the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
有两个因素决定了一个人的智力。第一个因素是他天生所拥有的大脑类型。人类的大脑差异很大，有些大脑比其他大脑更有能力。但是，无论一个人一开始拥有多么好的大脑，除非他有机会学习，否则他的智力水平会很低。所以第二个因素是个体所经历的事情——也就是他成长的环境。如果一个人在环境方面处于不利地位，那么他的大脑很可能无法充分发育，他也永远无法达到他原本能够达到的智力水平。
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(抚养) homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.
环境在决定个人智力方面的重要性可以通过一对同卵双胞胎彼得和马克的案例来证明。因为是同卵双胞胎，他们出生时大脑完全相同，而且他们的成长过程也相同。当这对双胞胎三个月大时，他们的父母去世了，他们被分别安置在不同的寄养家庭。彼得是由一对智力低下的父母在一个与世隔绝、教育机会匮乏的社区抚养长大的。马克则是在一对上过大学的富裕父母的家中长大的。他从小就有人给他读书，被送到好学校，并得到了各种智力上的刺激机会。这种环境差异一直持续到这对双胞胎十几岁后期，那时他们接受了智力测试。马克的智商是125，比平均水平高出25分，比他的同卵兄弟高出整整40分。如果给予这对双胞胎相同的机会，由于他们大脑相同，他们的智力测试结果应该大致相同。
问题
1.This selection can best be titled _______.
A. Measuring Your Intelligence.
B. Intelligence and Environment.
C. The Case of Peter and Mark.
D. How the Brain Influences Intelligence.
2.The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _______.
A. human brains differ considerably.
B. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence.
C. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligence.
D. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence.
3.According to the passage, the average I. Q. is _______.
A. 85
B. 100
C. 110
D. 125
4.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.
A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same level.
B. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environment.
C. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence.
D. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain.
5.This passage suggests that an individual's I. Q. _______.
A. can be predicted at birth.
B. stays the same throughout his life.
C. can be increased by education.
D. is determined by his childhood.
答案解析
1.答案：B
解析：文章开篇指出决定一个人智力的两个因素，一是天生的大脑，二是成长环境，接着通过同卵双胞胎在不同环境下的智力发展差异来强调环境对智力的影响，所以最佳标题应是“智力与环境”，B选项正确。A选项“测量你的智力”并非文章重点；C选项“彼得和马克的案例”只是用来论证观点的例子，不是标题；D选项“大脑如何影响智力”没有全面涵盖文章关于环境对智力影响的内容。
2.答案：C
解析：文章重点强调了环境对个人智力的决定性作用，通过同卵双胞胎在不同环境下智力发展不同的例子来证明，所以C选项正确。A选项“人类大脑差异很大”只是文章提到的一个方面，不是主旨；B选项“一个人天生的大脑在决定其智力方面很重要”只是其中一个因素，不是主旨；D选项“大脑相同的人智力大致相同”与文章中因环境不同导致智力不同的观点相悖。
3.答案：B
解析：根据文中“Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average”（马克的智商是125，比平均水平高出25分），可计算出平均智商是100，所以B选项正确。
4.答案：C
解析：文章通过同卵双胞胎在不同环境下智力发展不同的例子，说明缺乏学习机会等不利环境会阻碍智力的增长，所以C选项正确。A选项“大脑相同的人很少测试出相同的智力水平”不是案例要支持的结论，案例重点强调环境的影响；B选项“一个人的智力仅由其环境决定”说法过于绝对，文章还提到了大脑这个因素；D选项“环境的变化会导致大脑结构的变化”文章未提及。
5.答案：C
解析：文章强调了环境（包括教育机会等）对智力的影响，说明通过教育等改善环境可以增加智力，所以C选项正确。A选项“出生时就可以预测”与文章强调环境影响智力的观点不符；B选项“一生都保持不变”错误，文章表明环境会改变智力；D选项“由他的童年决定”过于绝对，童年环境只是影响智力的一个阶段因素。
以上就是英语四级阅读练习：智力的决定因素的文章示例，希望这些练习能够成为你英语学习路上的得力助手，助你轻松应对四级考试！
