15年6月四六级翻译真题点评(六级篇)
【真题一：待客宴席】
中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完。中国宴席上典型的菜单包括开席的一套凉菜及其后的热菜，例如肉类、鸡鸭、蔬菜等。大多数宴席 上，全鱼被认为是必不可少的，除非已经上过各式海鲜。如今，中国人喜欢把西方特色菜与传统中式菜肴融于一席，因此牛排上桌也不少见。沙拉也已流行起来，尽 管传统上中国人一般不吃任何未经烹饪的菜肴。宴席通常至少有一道汤，可以最先上或最后上桌。甜点和水果通常标志宴席的结束。
[点评]
1、词汇考查：今年这套六级翻译考查了大量的饮食词汇，对于吃货来说，甜点神马的不是问题。除此之外，还考察的词汇有，宴席(banquet/feast/dinner party)、鸡鸭(poultry)、全鱼(whole fish)、海鲜(seafood)。
2、语法考查：因果关系的考察(因此牛排上桌也不少见)，被动语态的考察(全鱼被认为是必不可少的，除非已经上过各式海鲜)，转折关系的考察(尽管传统上中国人一般不吃任何未经烹饪的菜肴)，无主句翻译的考察(可以最先上或最后上桌)。
[参考译文]
In China, variety of foods and dishes is needed in traditional ways of entertaining guests and makes them impossible to finish the dinner. Typical menus of Chinese banquetinclude cold dishes to start and the following hot ones. For example，meat, chicken, duck and vegetables. In most banquets, a whole fish dish is considered indispensable, unless various kinds of seafood have been served. Nowadays, Chinese people tend to mix Western specials with traditional Chinese cuisine. Thus, steak is not rare. Traditionally，although the Chinese do not eat any of theuncooked dishes，salads have also become popular. The banquet usually has at leasta bowl of soup that can be offered as the first or the final dish. Desserts and fruits usually mean the end of the feast.
[相关词汇]
待客之道 hospitality
中国宴席 Chinese banquet
菜单 menu
开席 open seats
凉菜 cold dishes
热菜 hot food
全鱼 a whole fish
海鲜 seafood
特色菜 specialty
传统中式菜肴 traditional Chinese dishes
牛排 the steak
沙拉 salad
烹饪 cooking
甜点 the dessert
【真题二：中国汉朝】
汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗 马。各类艺术一派繁荣，涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著。公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成，收入9000个字，提供释义并列举不同的写法。其间，科技 方面也取得了很大进步，发明了纸张、水钟、日晷(sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝历经400年，但统治者的腐败最终导致了它的灭亡。
[点评]
1、词汇考查：本篇是六级三套试卷中词汇考查最侧重的一篇，有朝代(dynasty)，统治(reign)，对外贸易(foreign trade)，丝绸之路(the Silk Road)，中西亚(the West Asia)，罗马(Rome)，哲学(philosophy)，巨著(masterpiece)，编撰(compile)，水钟(water clock)，测量地震的仪器(earthquake detector)，灭亡(downhill/demise)。
2、语法考查：最高级考察(汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一)，同主语分句的翻译(它最先向其他文化敞开大门，对外贸易兴旺)，并列结构的翻译(涌现了很多 文学、历史、哲学巨著)，被动语态(公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成)，无主句的翻译(提供释义并列举不同的写法)
[参考译文]
Han Dynasty was one of the most important dynasties in Chinese history. There were many significant achievements during the Han Dynasty. It was the first to open its doors to other cultures. Foreign trade flourished during this period. The Silk Road initiated by Han Dynasty led all the way to the West Asia and even to Rome. Various forms of art prospered, with the emergence of a lot of literature, history and philosophy masterpieces. 100 A.D. witnessed the completion of the first Chinese dictionary which included 9000 words, providing interpretation and various styles of writing. Meanwhile, technology had also achieved great progress. Paper, water clocks, sundials and earthquake detectors were invented. The reign has lasted for 400 years. However, the corruption of the rulers eventually led to its downfall.
[相关词汇]
汉朝 The han dynasty
统治 reign
显著的 remarkable
对外贸易 foreign trade
兴旺 prosperity
开拓 exploit
丝绸之路 the Silk Road
罗马 Rome
艺术流派 schools of art
巨著 monumental work
编撰 compile
释义 paraphrase
水钟 water clock
腐朽 decadent
灭亡 doom
【真题三：城市化】
2011年是中国城市化进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里，预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市。如此规模的城市发张对城市交通 来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡“以人为本”的发张理念。强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这 个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。
[点评]
1、词汇考查：本套试题考查社会发展和环境保护方面的词汇，如资源节约(resource conservation), 环境友好(environment-friendly)，安全、清洁和经济型(safe, clean and economical)。
2、语法考查：时态的考察(将来时)，同主语小句的翻译(中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上)，数字的考察(3.5亿)。
[参考译文]
2011 was a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China as its population exceeded the rural population for the first time. In the next 20 years, about 350 million rural population will move into the city. Such scale of urban development is both a challenge and an opportunity for urban transportation. The Chinese government has always advocated the idea that "people come first". It stresses that people should take buses instead of private cars. It also calls for the construction of "resource-saving and environment-friendly" society. With this clear goal, cities in China can better plan their development and turn a lot of investment to the safe, clean and economic transportation system.
[相关词汇]
城市化 urbanization
进程 process
历史性时刻 a historic moment
城市人口 the urban population
农村人口 the rural population
超过 surpass
预计 it is estimated that
移居城市 move to cities
(大)规模 large-scale
城市交通 the urban traffic
提倡 advocate
以人为本 people-oriented
强调 emphasize
私家车 private cars
资源节约和环境友好型 resource saving and environment friendly
明确的目标 explicit goal
转向 divert
安全、清洁和经济型交通系统 safe, clean and economical transportation system
