用英语说中国旅游华北地区11：大同云冈石窟自然概况1

大同云冈石窟

Natural Features

自然概况

Yungang Grottoes was carved on the north cliff of Wuzhou Mountain 16km west cf Da}ong City.Shanxi Province. The caves were carved in the mid-5th century，North Wei Dynasty，stretching about 1 km from east to west as one of the largest clusters of grottoes in China. With an enormous size and rich contents，Yungang Grottoes ranks side by side with Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang of Gansu Province and Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang of Henan Province as the three great cluters of cave temples in China.

大同云冈石窟坐落在山西省大同市以西16公里处的武周山北崖，开凿于公元5 世纪中叶的北魏时期。洞窟依山开凿，东西绵延一公里，是中国最人的石窟群之一，其规模之巨大、雕刻内容丰富，令人叹为观。与甘肃敦煌莫高窟、河南洛阳龙门石窟并列为中国几大石窟。

On the three，Yungang Grottoes stands out for its rich contents and refined carving. Preserved to the present in the Grottoes are 53 caves and over 51 000 statues. Yungang grottoes consists of three sections，the east，the west，and the central，with caves of all sizes pleasantly scattered half way on Yungang Mountain.Caves in the east section feature in pagodas，thus called pagoda caves. Those of the central section were all structured with a front and a rear chamber,with the Buddha in the center and relief carving all over the walls. Caves of the west section are mostly medium or small sized，or small niches added in later times，actually，in most cases，carved after the capital of North Wei Dynasty was moved from Datong to Luoyang.

在中国三大石窟中，石冈石窟以内容丰富、雕刻精细而著称。云冈石窟现存洞窟充 53个、造像5. 1万余尊，规模宏大。云冈石窟分为东、中、西三部，大、中、小窟疏密有致地嵌贴在云冈半腰中。东部的石窟多以造塔为主，故又称塔洞;中部的石窟每个部分为前后两室，主佛居中，洞壁和洞顶布满了浮雕;西部石窟则以中小窟和补刻的小佛龛为最多，修建的时代略晚，大多是北魏迁都洛阳之后的作品。

On the interior and exterior walls as well as the Buddha's halos and the caisson ceilings of the caves，there are vividly carved groups of apsaras to manifest the world of ultimate happiness pursued by Buddhists. All the statues are modeled with marvelous personification that gives the Buddha a human nature and expression as well as infinite vigor as the ancient treasure of Chinese culture

石冈石窟的内壁、外壁、佛光、藻井等都刻有刻有成群的“飞天“形象，非常生动活泼，展示了佛教徒所幻想的极乐世界。这里的佛像，都采用拟人的高超于法，富于人的大性和表情，具有尤限的活力，不愧为重华文明的古老珍宝。

In December of 2001，World Heritage Committee of UNESCO inscribed Yungang Grottoes in its World Heritage List.

2001年12月，联合国教科义组织遗产委员会将云冈石窟作为文化遗产列入《世界遗产名录》。