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旅行的艺术:回归 Ⅸ 习惯-6

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2020年09月30日

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6

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德·梅伊斯特不仅仅是一个室内旅行家。他也是一个传统意义上的伟大旅行家。他游览过意大利和俄罗斯,与皇家军队一同在阿尔卑斯山度过了一个冬天,并且在高加索与俄军交战。

De Maistre was not only a room-traveller. He was also a great traveller in the classic sense. He journeyed to Italy and Russia, he spent a winter with the royalist armies in the Alps and fought a Russian campaign in the Caucasus.

在1801年一篇写于南美洲的自传体笔记中,亚历山大·冯·洪堡写到了他旅行的动机:“我被一种不确定的渴望所激励,这种渴望就是从一种令人厌倦的日常生活转向一个奇妙的世界。”正是这种对立的关系,即“令人厌倦的日常生活”与“奇妙的世界”相对的关系,引起了德·梅伊斯特的兴趣,他乐于为这两个世界重新划出精妙的界限。他一定不会告诉洪堡,南美洲是乏味的,他仅仅会催促他去思考,他的故乡柏林或许也能提供某些东西。

In an autobiographical note written in 1801 in South America, Alexander von Humboldt had written of his motives for travelling: 'I was spurred on by an uncertain longing to be transported from a boring daily life to a marvellous world.' It was this dichotomy, 'boring daily life' pitted against 'marvellous world', that De Maistre had tried to redraw with greater subtlety. He would not have told Humboldt that South America was dull, he would merely have urged him to consider that his native Berlin might have something to offer too.

80年以后,尼采读了德·梅伊斯特的著作并大加赞赏(他自己也是一个老在斗室打转的人),他曾发表如下感想:

Eight decades later, Nietzsche, who had read and admired De Maistre (and spent much time in his room), picked up on the thought:

有些人知道如何利用他们的日常生活中平淡无奇的经验,使自己成为沃土,在这片沃土上每年能结出三次果实,而其他一些人(为数众多)则只会逐命运之流,逐时代和国家变幻之流,就像一个软木塞一样在上面漂来漂去。当我们观察到这一切后,我们会把人分为两类:一种人可以化腐朽为神奇,另一种人则是化神奇为腐朽,绝大部分人是后者,前者则为数寥寥。

 

When we observe how some people know how to manage their experiences-their insignificant, everyday experiences-so that they become an arable soil that bears fruit three times a year, while others-and how many there are!-are driven through surging waves of destiny, the most multifarious currents of the times and the nations, and yet always remain on top, bobbing like a cork, then we are in the end tempted to divide mankind into a minority (a minimality) of those who know how to make much of little, and a majority of those who know how to make little of much.


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