中华人民共和国合同法 重点条文（双语）

第八条　【依合同履行义务原则】依法成立的合同，对当事人具有法律约束力。当事人应当按照约定履行自己的义务，不得擅自变更或者解除合同。依法成立的合同，受法律保护。

Article 8   A lawfully established contract shall be legally binding on the parties thereto, each of whom shall perform its own obligations in accordance with the terms of the contract, and no party shall unilaterally modify or terminate the contract. The contract established according to law is protected by law.

第二十九条　【迟到的承诺】受要约人在承诺期限内发出承诺，按照通常情形能够及时到达要约人，但因其他原因承诺到达要约人时超过承诺期限的，除要约人及时通知受要约人因承诺超过期限不接受该承诺的以外，该承诺有效。

Article 29   If the offeree dispatched the acceptance within the time limit specified for acceptance, and under normal circumstances the acceptance would have reached the offeror in due time, but due to other reasons the acceptance reaches the offeror after the time limit for acceptance has expired,such acceptance shall be effective, unless the offeror notifies the offeree in a timely manner that it does not accept the acceptance due to the failure of the acceptance to arrive within the time limit.


第六十一条　【合同约定不明的补救】合同生效后，当事人就质量、价款或者报酬、履行地点等内容没有约定或者约定不明确的，可以协议补充；不能达成补充协议的，按照合同有关条款或者交易习惯确定。

Article 61 Where, after the contract becomes effective, there is no agreement in the contract between the parties on such contents as quality, price or remuneration, or place of performance etc., or such agreement is ambiguous, the parties may agree upon supplementary terms through consultation; if a supplementary agreement cannot be reached, such terms shall be determined in accordance with the relevant provisions of the contract or the transaction practices.

第六十二条　【合同约定不明时的履行】当事人就有关合同内容约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定的，适用下列规定：
Article 62 Where certain contents agreed upon by the parties in the contract are ambiguous and cannot be determined in accordance with the provisions in Article 61 of this Law, the following provisions shall be applied:

（一）质量要求不明确的，按照国家标准、行业标准履行；没有国家标准、行业标准的，按照通常标准或者符合合同目的的特定标准履行。
(1) if quality requirement is not clear, performance shall be in accordance with the state standard or industry standard; absent any state or industry standard, performance shall be in accordance with the customary standard or any particular standard consistent with the purpose of the contract;

（二）价款或者报酬不明确的，按照订立合同时履行地的市场价格履行；依法应当执行政府定价或者政府指导价的，按照规定履行。
(2) if price or remuneration is not clear, performance shall be in accordance with the prevailing market price at the place of performance at the time the contract was concluded, and if adoption of a price commissioned by the government or based on government issued pricing guidelines is required by law, such requirement applies;

（三）履行地点不明确，给付货币的，在接受货币一方所在地履行；交付不动产的，在不动产所在地履行；其他标的，在履行义务一方所在地履行。
(3) where the place of performance is not clear, if the obligation is payment of money,performance shall be at the place where the payee is located; if the obligation is delivery of immovable property, performance shall be at the place where the immovable property is located;for any other subject matter, performance shall be effected at the place of location of the party fulfilling the obligations.

（四）履行期限不明确的，债务人可以随时履行，债权人也可以随时要求履行，但应当给对方必要的准备时间。
(4) if the time of performance is not clear, the obligor may perform, and the obligee may require performance, at any time, provided that the other party shall be given the time required for preparation;

（五）履行方式不明确的，按照有利于实现合同目的的方式履行。
(5) if the method of performance is not clear, performance shall be rendered in a manner which is conducive to realizing the purpose of the contract;

（六）履行费用的负担不明确的，由履行义务一方负担。
(6) if the responsibility for the expenses of performance is not clear, the party fulfilling the obligations shall bear the expenses.


第六十八条　【不安抗辩权】应当先履行债务的当事人，有确切证据证明对方有下列情形之一的，可以中止履行：
Article 68 The party required to perform first may suspend its performance if it has conclusive evidence showing that the other party is under any of the following circumstances:

（一）经营状况严重恶化；

(1) its business has seriously deteriorated;

（二）转移财产、抽逃资金，以逃避债务；
(2) it has engaged in transfer of assets or withdrawal of funds for the purpose of evading debts;

（三）丧失商业信誉；
(3) it has lost its business creditworthiness;

（四）有丧失或者可能丧失履行债务能力的其他情形。
(4) it is in any other circumstance which will or may cause it to lose its ability to perform.

当事人没有确切证据中止履行的，应当承担违约责任。
Where a party suspends performance without conclusive evidence, it shall be liable for breach of contract.

第九十条　【新当事人的概括承受】当事人订立合同后合并的，由合并后的法人或者其他组织行使合同权利，履行合同义务。当事人订立合同后分立的，除债权人和债务人另有约定的以外，由分立的法人或者其他组织对合同的权利和义务享有连带债权，承担连带债务。

Article 90   Where a party is merged after the contract has been concluded, the legal person or other organization established after the merger shall exercise the rights and obligations thereunder. Unless otherwise agreed upon by the obligor and obligee, the legal persons or other organizations that exist after the division shall jointly enjoy the rights and jointly assume the obligations under the contract.

第九十四条　【合同的法定解除】有下列情形之一的，当事人可以解除合同：
Article 94 The parties to a contract may terminate the contract under any of the following circumstances:

（一）因不可抗力致使不能实现合同目的；
(1) it is rendered impossible to achieve the purpose of contract due to an event of force majeure;

（二）在履行期限届满之前，当事人一方明确表示或者以自己的行为表明不履行主要债务；
(2) prior to the expiration of the period of performance, the other party expressly states, or indicates through its conduct, that it will not perform its main obligation;

（三）当事人一方迟延履行主要债务，经催告后在合理期限内仍未履行；
(3) the other party delayed performance of its main obligation after such performance has been demand, and fails to perform within a reasonable period;

（四）当事人一方迟延履行债务或者有其他违约行为致使不能实现合同目的；
(4) the other party delays performance of its obligations, or breaches the contract in some other manner, rendering it impossible to achieve the purpose of the contract;

（五）法律规定的其他情形。
(5) other circumstance as provided by law.

第一百一十一条　【瑕疵履行】质量不符合约定的，应当按照当事人的约定承担违约责任。对违约责任没有约定或者约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定的，受损害方根据标的的性质以及损失的大小，可以合理选择要求对方承担修理、更换、重作、退货、减少价款或者报酬等违约责任。

Article 111    Where the quality fails to satisfy the agreement, the breach of contract damages shall be borne in the manner as agreed upon by the parties. Where there is no agreement in the contract on the liability for breach of contract or such agreement is unclear, nor can it be determined in accordance with the provisions of Article 61 of this Law, the damaged party may, in light of the nature of the subject matter and the degree of loss, reasonably choose to request the other party to bear the liabilities for the breach of contract such as repairing, substituting, reworking, returning the goods, or reducing the price or remuneration.

第一百四十一条　【交付的地点】出卖人应当按照约定的地点交付标的物。
当事人没有约定交付地点或者约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定的，适用下列规定：
Article 141 The seller shall deliver the subject matter at the agreed place.
Where there is no agreement between the parties as to the place to deliver the subject matter or such agreement is not clear, nor can it be determined according to the provisions of Article 61 of this Law, the following provisions shall be applied:

（一）标的物需要运输的，出卖人应当将标的物交付给第一承运人以运交给买受人；
(1) if the subject matter needs carriage, the seller shall deliver the subject matter to the first carrier so as to hand it over to the buyer;

（二）标的物不需要运输，出卖人和买受人订立合同时知道标的物在某一地点的，出卖人应当在该地点交付标的物；不知道标的物在某一地点的，应当在出卖人订立合同时的营业地交付标的物。
(2) if the subject matter does not need carriage, and the seller and buyer know the place of the subject matter when concluding the contract, the seller shall deliver the subject matter at such place; if the place is unknown, the subject matter shall be delivered at the business place of the seller when concluding the contract.

第一百六十六条　【分批交付标的物的合同解除】出卖人分批交付标的物的，出卖人对其中一批标的物不交付或者交付不符合约定，致使该批标的物不能实现合同目的的，买受人可以就该批标的物解除。
Article 166 Where the seller is to deliver the subject matter in installments, if the seller fails to deliver one installment of the subject matter or the delivery fails to satisfy the terms of the contract so that the said installment cannot realize the contract purpose, the buyer may terminate the portion of the contract in respect thereof.

出卖人不交付其中一批标的物或者交付不符合约定，致使今后其他各批标的物的交付不能实现合同目的的，买受人可以就该批以及今后其他各批标的物解除。
If the seller fails to deliver one installment of the subject matter or the delivery fails to satisfy the terms of the contract so that the delivery of the subsequent installments of subject matter can not realize the contract purpose, the buyer may terminate the portion of the contract in respect of such installment as well as any subsequent installment.

买受人如果就其中一批标的物解除，该批标的物与其他各批标的物相互依存的，可以就已经交付和未交付的各批标的物解除。
If the buyer is to terminate the portion of the contract in respect of a particular installment which is interdependent with all other installments, it may terminate the contract in respect of all delivered and undelivered installments.