不要乱喝能量补充剂

Whether you want to improve your workout or stay focused during a long study session, energy supplements are a popular method for people looking for a boost during the day. However, many supplements come with side effects that can be harmful to certain individuals. Here's what you should know.

无论你是想提高你的锻炼效果还是想在长时间的学习中保持专注，能量补充剂都是人们在白天寻求提神的一种流行方法。然而，许多补充剂都有副作用，可能对某些人有害。以下是你应该知道的。

Energy supplements can come in many forms, including pills, capsules, gummies, and powders. They can be marketed for different purposes, like working out or getting through your afternoon slump, but all have the end goal of increasing your energy levels. The first thing to keep in mind when it comes to taking energy supplements is that few are approved and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (via Mic). This means they have not been tested by any source other than the company selling them.

能量补充剂有很多种形式，包括药片、胶囊、软糖和粉末。它们可以用于不同的目的，比如锻炼或克服下午的困倦，但它们的最终目标都是提高你的能量水平。当提到服用能量补充剂时，首先要记住的是，这些东西很少有获得食品和药物管理局批准和监管的。这意味着除了销售它们的公司之外，没有任何其他来源对这些产品进行过测试。

This unregulated market means a lot of new products are pumped out into stores quickly. "A lot of these drugs are so new, the risk of serious complications isn't yet clear," Lisa Schwartz, a professor of medicine at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, told Women's Health. "They should be used only under a doctor's supervision."

这种不受监管的市场意味着大量新产品会迅速推向市场。达特茅斯卫生政策和临床实践研究所的医学教授丽莎·施瓦茨告诉《女性健康》杂志说:“很多药物都是新药，是否有导致严重并发症的风险目前还不清楚。”“只能在医生的监督下使用。”

Many people turn to caffeine for their energy boost, which has been shown to be safe when consumed in small doses (via Healthline). The U.S. Department of Agriculture recommends that adults consume no more than 200 mg of caffeine at a time and do not exceed 400 mg per day. Energy supplements that contain more than 200 mg of caffeine in a single dose can cause anxiety, tremors, irregular heartbeat, and high blood pressure.

许多人将咖啡因作为补充能量的途径，事实证明小剂量摄入是安全的。美国农业部建议，成年人一次摄入的咖啡因不超过200毫克，每天不超过400毫克。单次含有超过200毫克咖啡因的能量补充剂会引起焦虑、颤抖、心律不齐和高血压。

According to Consumer Reports, there are several ingredients found in some energy supplements that should always be avoided. One of these is methylsynephrine, which is also labeled as oxilofrine, p-hydroxyephedrine, oxyephedrine, and 4-HMP. This ingredient can cause abnormalities in your heart rate and even cardiac arrest. It should never be taken with other stimulants, as this can increase the risk of a negative side effect.

根据《消费者报告》，在一些能量补充剂中有几种成分是应该避免的。其中一种是甲基辛弗林，也被标记为羟麻黄碱，羟麻黄碱，和4-HMP。这些成分会导致心率异常，甚至心脏骤停。不要与其他兴奋剂一起服用，因为这会增加副作用的风险。

Some ingredients are thought to be mostly safe as long as they are taken in small quantities. One of these is guarana, which is an herb that contains caffeine and can cause the same side effects as caffeine when consumed in large doses (via WebMD). It is always a good idea to talk to your doctor before taking any energy supplements.

有些成分只要少量服用是安全的。其中一种是瓜拉那，它是一种含有咖啡因的草本植物，当大量摄入时会产生和咖啡因一样的副作用。在服用任何能量补充剂之前，最好咨询一下医生。