2015年职称英语考试基础词汇重点解析：词汇

　　act v. 行动，做，起作用，扮演角色 n. 行为，法令;(act on: 遵照…行动， 奉行)

　　action n. 行动;行为( take action /采取行动)

　　active adj. 活跃的;积极的

　　activity n. -ties 活动;行动(social activities /社会活动)

　　actual adj. 实际的; 真实的;

　　actually adv. 实际上;真实地;

　　adapt v. 使适应;使适合;改编;改装( adapt oneself to sth.. /适应..)

　　add v. 加,增添(add up to/ 总计为，总数达)

　　in addition/加上, 又, 另外;in addition to/加上, 除...外;

　　additional adj.附加的, 另外的; 补充的

　　address n.收信(件)人的住址 v. 对...讲演或发表演说; (address a meeting 向大会致辞)

　　adequate adj. 足够的,恰当的,胜任的 (be adequate for..胜任…)

　　adjust v. 调整;调节;使适合;使适应(adjust oneself to sth./ 使自己适应..)

　　admire v. 赞美;赞赏;(admire sb. for sth./因…而钦佩某人)

　　admit v. 让...进入, 使获得(某种地位或特权), 承认(事实、错误等) (admit sb. into the university/获准入大学; admit sb. to hospital/把某人收治入院);

　　adopt v. 采用, 采纳

　　adult n. 成年人

　　advance v./n. 提高(物价等), 增加(数量、价钱等), 提前, 加速, 拨快(时针) (in advance/ 预先)

　　advantage n. 优势, 长处, 利益, 便利 (take advantage of/ 利用，欺骗)

　　adventure n. 冒险, 惊险活动

　　advertisement n. 广告(= ad)

　　advice n. 劝告, 忠告, 劝告,(a piece of advice/ 一条意见; give advice /提出忠告; take one's advice /接受忠告)

　　advise v. 建议, 提意见, 通知, 告知( advise sb. to do sth./ 劝某人做某事，advise sb. that../通知某人某事 )

　　advisable adj. 明智的， 可取的

　　affair n. 事情[件], [常用复] 事务, 事态(affairs of state/ 国务; foreign affairs /外交事务 )

　　affect v. 影响, 对...起作用[反应], 感动, 患(病)

　　afford v. [常与can, could, be able to 连用] 担负得起费用(损失、后果等)( can't afford to buy sth./ 买不起...)

　　afraid adj. [常作表语] 怕, 害怕, [口]恐怕( be afraid of/害怕, 担心; I'm afraid/[口]大概, 恐怕, 担心)

　　Africa n. 非洲

　　After prep. 在。。以后，adv. 以后， 后来conj, 在…以后

　　Again adv. 再一次， 又一次 again and again再三地， 反复地

　　l 词汇题例题解析：

　　1. We are to advise you that the matter is under consideration.

　　A.inform B. suggest C. recommend D. advance

　　分析： 根据划线词所在的搭配结构(advise sb. that../)判断advise 的含义是“通知”， 所以答案是A。

　　经验提示：选项A， C和D 上容易设置答案。

　　inform sb. of sth. / inform sb. that../把某事告诉某人

　　recommend sb. to do sth. 劝告某人做…

　　recommend that …建议..

　　suggest that...提议..

　　advance sb. sth. 提前给某人..

　　2. As a teacher you have to make use of your methods to suit the needs of slower students.

　　A. adopt B. adjust C. adapt D. acquire

　　分析： 划线部分是短语， 这个短语中有“use(用)”， 依据此而推测这个短语的含义可能与“用”有关系。 A和C拼写形式接近， 所以重点注意(提示： 答案往往出自有关系的被选项中)， 空格后出现宾语your methods(你的方法)， 与这个宾语能构成通顺搭配的是A (采用)， “采用”与“用” 的含义相关 ， 因此推断答案就是A。

　　adjust sth. 调试../校准..

　　adjust oneself to one's environment 使自己适应环境

　　acquire sth.(养成…，获得…)

　　l 在线作业

　　1.Pick out the words in the following paragraphs, which are created through word formation, and guess the meanings of the words./挑选出由构词法构成的词，并辨别这些词的含义。

　　选自2002年考题

　　综合类(from Science Fiction )

　　1. Those who are sufficiently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology.

　　综合类(from Supermarket)

　　2. The other three walls are normally decorated in light colors, giving an impression of cleanliness and brightness.

　　综合类(from A thirsty World)

　　3. Today, in most large cities, water is used only once and it eventually returns to the sea or runs into underground storage tanks.

　　4. All we'd have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is --- remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.

　　综合类(from Home Schooling)

　　5. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States.

　　2. Translate the following underlined words into Chinese.(把下列划线词翻译成中文)

　　1. A red traffic light means "stop" and a green light means "go".

　　2. I have had the stove lighted.

　　3. We lit the candle and the candle lit the room.

　　4. Let's have some light music.

　　5. The conversation is light and gay.

　　6. He wants the light hat.

　　7. Many hand make light work.

　　8. The thesis is about three hundred pages long.

　　9. You can see him again before long.

　　10. The child is longing for home.

　　11. There is no smoke without fire.

　　12. The house is on fire.

　　13. The enemy fired on the town.

　　14. At the end of a month he was fired for incompetence.

　　3.Translate the following passage into Chinese (翻译)(来自2002年版职称英语练习资料，C级)

　　The Sea

　　What do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other things do we know about it?

　　The first thing to remember is that the sea is very big. When you look at the map of the world you will find there is more water than land. The sea covers three quarters of the world.

　　The sea is also very deep in some places. It is not deep everywhere(every + where). Some parts of the sea are very shallow. But in some places the depth (与deep有关)of the sea is very great. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometers (kilo + meters) deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers (kilo + meters) high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water above it! What a deep place!

　　参考答案：

　　1.Pick out the words in the following paragraphs, which are created through word formation, and guess the meanings of the words./挑选出由构词法构成的词，并辨别这些词的含义。

　　(from Science Fiction )

　　1. Those who are sufficiently(sufficient + ly/充分地) clear-sighted(clear + (sight + ed)/聪明的) to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable (valu(e) + able/有价值的)lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably (in + evitable/不可避免地)face as it tries to master its new technology.

　　(from Supermarket)

　　2. The other three walls are normally (normal + ly/通常地)decorated in light colors, giving an impression(impress + ion/印象) of cleanliness (cleanli + ness /清洁and brightness(bright + ness/明亮).

　　综合类(from A thirsty World)

　　3. Today, in most large cities, water is used only once and it eventually (eventual + ly/最终)returns to the sea or runs into underground (under + ground/地下的) storage (stor(e)+ age/存储)tanks.

　　4. All we'd have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water(sea + water/海水) is --- remove the salt. This salt-removing(salt +remov(e) + ing/去除盐的) process is already in use in many parts of the world.

　　综合类(from Home Schooling)

　　5. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers (home + school + er + s/在家接受教育的人) in the United States.

　　2. Translate the following underlined words into Chinese.

　　1. A red traffic light means "stop" and a green light means "go". (灯)

　　2. I have had the stove lighted.(点燃)

　　3. We lit the candle and the candle lit the room. (点燃;照亮)

　　4. Let's have some light music. (柔和的)

　　5. The conversation is light and gay.(轻松愉快的)

　　6. He wants the light blue hat.(浅色的)

　　7. Many hand make light work. (轻易的，容易做到的)

　　8. The thesis is about three hundred pages long.(长)

　　9. You can see him again before long.(不久)

　　10. The child is longing for home.(渴望)

　　11. There is no smoke without fire. (火)

　　12. The house is on fire.(着火)

　　13. The enemy fired on the town. (开炮)

　　14. At the end of a month he was fired for incompetence. (解雇)

　　3.Translate the following passage into Chinese (翻译)(来自2002年版职称英语练习资料，C级)

　　你了解大海吗?我们知道，当太阳的光辉洒在海面上时，大海看起来非常美丽。我们也知道，当起大风的时候，大海也会变得狂暴。除此之外，我们还知道什么呢?

　　首先要记住的事情是大海很大。你查看世界地图就会知道海洋比陆地的面积大。海洋覆盖了地球的四分之三。

　　在某些地方，海洋也很深，但不是所有的地方都深。有些地方的海洋非常浅，但有些地方海洋深的可怕。在日本附近的一个地方，还差不多有11公里深，而世界上最高的山不过才9公里高。如果那山被放进这最深的海中，将会有两公里深的水覆盖在它的上面。多深的海洋啊!