全新英语语法·小学篇:二、空间介词

二、空间介词

常见的表示空间的介词有：at，on，in，under，above，over，behind，in front of，between，around，up，down等。

（一）at，on，in

1.at表示在具体某个地点，意思是“在……旁边”，如：at the bus stop，at the door，at a table。

My father is writing a letter at his desk.我父亲在他的桌子边写信。

Andy is waiting at the bus stop.安迪在公交车站边等。

短语：

at the top of 在……顶端　at the bottom of 在……底部

2.on表示两个物体表面相互接触。如：on the desk，on a door，on a wall，on a plate。

There are some photos on the wall.墙上有些照片。

There's a cake on the plate.碟子上有个蛋糕。

短语：

on the right 在右面　on the left 在左面

on the way to 去……的路上　on the first floor 在一楼

3.in表示“在……里面”，空间大小不限，可以用来表示一个很大的空间，也可以表示一个较小的空间。如：in a bottle，in a car，in a room，in the river，in China。

Mom is in the kitchen.妈妈在厨房里。

My uncle works in a factory.我叔叔在工厂工作。

There are many students in the library.图书馆里有许多学生。

What's that in that bag？那个包里有什么？

短语：

in the sky 在空中　in the world 在世界上

in a newspaper 在报纸上　in a street 在街上

（二）under，below，over，above

1.under和below 都表示“在……下面”，under表示在“正下方”，而below表示在下方，但不一定是正下方。如：under the desk，below the pictures。

The cat is eating a fish under the tree.猫在树下吃鱼。

Tom and May are talking below my window.汤姆和梅在我的窗下说话。

2.over，above 都表示“在……上面（上方）”，over表示在正上方，而above表示不一定在正上方。

Our classroom is above the teachers' office.我们的教室在老师办公室上面。

The plane is flying over the mountains.飞机正飞过山脉。

固定搭配：

over the telephone 通过电话　over there 在那边

over again 再一次　be over 结束

go over 检查、复习　all over the world 全世界

（三）behind，in front of

behind表示“在……后面”，in front of表示“在……前面”，与behind 意思相反。

Andy is sitting behind me.I am sitting in front of Andy.安迪坐在我后面，我坐在安迪前面。

Tips：

in front of和in the front of

in front of表示在某一空间外部的前面，in the front of表示在某一空间内部的前面。

如：There is a teacher's desk in the front of the classroom.教室的前面有个讲台。（指在教室这一空间内的前面）

There is a playground in front of the classroom building.教学大楼前有个操场。（指教学大楼外部的前面）

（四）between，around

between指“在……两者之间”，around 指“在……周围”。

The hotel is between the museum and the park.酒店在博物馆和公园之间。

There are some shops around the hotel.酒店周围有些商店。

Exercises

5.3 Complete the sentences with “at，on，in，under，above，over” （用at，on，in，under，above，over填空）

1.It's hot.The cheese is ____ the refrigerator.

2.She usually watches the news ____ television.

3.Where's Danny？____ the kitchen.

4.They are waiting ____ the traffic lights.

5.Don't sit ____ the grass.It's wet.

6.Look！The dog is ____ the bed.

7.The plane is flying ____ the rivers.

8.The pictures are below the clock.The clock is ____ the pictures.

5.4 Read and write the places （看图并写出有关的地点）

1.playground

2.________

3.________

4.________

5.________

6.________

Welcome to our city.Look！You are standing on Zoo Road.The library is on your left and the playground is on your right.Walk along Zoo Road.Then cross Green Street.There is a restaurant and a park between Yellow Street and Green Street.The restaurant is on your left and the park is on your right.You can enjoy the meal and the sunshine there.

Now you are at Zoo Road and Yellow Road.Turn right and walk along Yellow Road.On the left，there is a pet shop.You can buy a baby dog there.Turn right at Park Road.Can you see the museum？It's on your left.Go inside and have a look.It will surprise you.

Do you want to buy some flowers for your mother？How can you get there？Walk along Park Road and cross Green Street.The flower shop is on your left，across from the playground.Hope you have a nice trip in our city.