[初中]全新英语语法12-7 过去将来时

在英语中，不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，谓语动词要用不同的形式来表示，谓语动词的这种不同形式称为动词的时态。

英语中有8种基本时态，其中4种现在时态，对应4种过去时态。4种现在时态是：一般现在时态；现在进行时态；一般将来时态；现在完成时态。他们对应的4种过去时态是：一般过去时态；过去进行时态；过去将来时态；过去完成时态。

12-7 过去将来时

过去将来时表示从过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与two days later，the next week，the following day等时间状语连用。

1.过去将来时谓语动词的结构形式

（1）助动词would+动词原形 。如：

My friend promised she would come the next day.我朋友答应第二天要来。

I told Laura I would go home the following weekend.我告诉劳拉下周末我要回家。

注意：

①would可以和代词主语缩写为：I would→I'd；You would→You'd；He would→He'd；She would→She'd；We would→We'd；They would→They'd

②would和not可以缩写为：wouldn't

（2）助动词was/were+going to+动词原形 。如：

He told us that he was going to attend the meeting.他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。

She said that her uncle was going to meet her at the railway station.她说她叔叔将去火车站接她。

2.过去将来时的用法

（1）表示在过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：

I told him I would see him off at the station.我跟他说，我会到车站去给他送行。

He said he would go to Shanghai for the holiday.他说他要到上海度假。

He said he would stay with us.他说他要与我们呆在一起。

He said he would never go there again.他说他绝不会再去那儿。

注意：

过去将来时常用于宾语从句中。在宾语从句中，主句用了过去时态，从句表示将来时要用过去将来时。如：

He told me that I should succeed.他说我会成功。

（2）was/were+going to+动词原形，表示过去曾经打算或准备要做的动作或过去将要发生的或很有可能发生的动作。如：

They were going to have a meeting.他们曾经打算开个会。

I thought it was going to rain.我原以为天要下雨了。

（3）过去将来时，用于虚拟语气中，如：

If I were you，I would not do that.要是我是你的话，我就不会那样做。

If he were here，he would show us how to do it.如果他在这儿，他就会向我们展示该如何做了。

（4）was/were going to+动词原形；was/were to+动词原形；was/were about to+动词原形，可表达当时一种未曾实现的意图或打算。如：

The conference was going to be held the next month.会议原计划下一个月举行。

We were to have our class at eight.八点我们本该上课了。

I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in.就在我要告诉他这件事情的时候，吴东进来了。