[初中]全新英语语法16-9 让步状语从句
用一个句子作状语，这个句子就是状语从句。状语从句通常用来修饰句子、动词或形容词，表示时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较等。引导状语从句的连词叫从属连词。
16-9 让步状语从句
在句中相当于让步状语的从句叫让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句的从属连词有although，though，even if，even though，whatever，however，whoever，wherever，whenever，no matter what，no matter how，no matter who，no matter where，no matter when等。
（1）although和though引导让步状语从句同义，意为“虽然；尽管”；although和though引导的让步状语从句大都放在主句前，但也可以放在主句后。如：
Although/Though they are poor，they are happy.虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。
Though he is very old，he works hard.尽管他老了，但仍努力工作。
注意：
①英语中表示“虽然”的连词although和though不能与表示“但是”的连词 but 连用，但可以与yet或 still 等副词连用。如：
[误] Though it was raining，but he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，但他还是到那里去了。
[正] Though it was raining，he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，但他还是到那里去了。
[正] It was raining，but he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，但他还是到那里去了。
[正] Though it was raining，yet he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，但他还是到那里去了。
②although和though在多数情况下可以通用，但和even连用时用though而不用although，这里的even though=even if，意思是“即使……也……”。如：
Even though we could afford it，we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。
③当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用though，而不用although。如：
Though all the world were against me，I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的立场。
④though可以独立用作副词，放在句末，意为“还是；仍然；可是；然而”，although没有这样的用法。如：
It's hard work.I enjoy it，though.工作很苦，可是我喜欢。
⑤though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although从句则不能。如：
Bravely though they fought，they had no chance of winning.虽然他们打得很勇敢，但还是没有机会获胜。
（2）even if，even though引导让步状语从句意为“即使”，多数情况下二者也可通用。如：
I'll go even if/though it snows.即使下雪我也要去。
Even though/if you say so，I do not believe it.即使你这么说，我也不信。
注意：
even though和even if引导让步状语从句的细微区别是，even if 引导的从句往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使”“纵然”“就算”“哪怕”；even though 引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”“虽然”。如：
Even if it rains tomorrow，we won't change our plan.即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。
They'll stand by you even if you don't succeed.即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。
Even though it's hard work，I enjoy it.虽然工作艰苦，我还是很喜欢。
He went out even though it was raining.尽管在下雨，他还是出去了。
（3）whatever，no matter what引导让步状语从句意为“无论什么”。如：
I will give you whatever you want.无论你要什么我都会给你。
No matter what happens，I'll stand by you.不管发生什么事，我都支持你。
（4）however，no matter how引导让步状语从句意为“无论怎样；不管怎样”。如：
However tired you may be，you must do it today.不管多么累，你都必须今天做。
No matter how hard it is，don't give up.不管有多大困难，不要放弃。
（5）whoever，no matter who引导让步状语从句意为“无论是谁”。如：
I'll take whoever wants to go.谁想去我就带谁去。
You can't go，whoever you are.不管你是谁，你都不能走。
No matter who you are，you must obey the rules.无论你是谁，你必须遵守制度。
（6）wherever，no matter where引导让步状语从句意为“无论在哪里”。如：
Wherever you go，I will be right here waiting for you.无论你去哪里，我就在这儿等你。
Wherever you drive，you should obey the traffic rules.无论你在哪里开车，都应当遵守交通规则。
No matter where you go，never forget that you're a Chinese.无论走到哪里，都不要忘了你是个中国人。
（7）whenever，no matter when引导让步状语从句意为“无论什么时候”。如：
Whenever I am in trouble，my best friend Li Lei always helps me.无论什么时候我有困难，我最好的朋友李雷总是帮助我。
No matter when you come back，don't wake me up.不管你什么时候回来，都不要吵醒我。
【中考速递】
1.[上海中考考题] _____ Mike didn't win the race，he was still wearing a smile on his face.
A.If B.Since C.Although D.Because
2.[宁夏中考考题] — When will he come？
— When _____，I'll let you know.
A.does he come B.he comes
C.will he come D.he will come
3.[湖北黄冈中考考题] — Mike，what were your parents doing at 8：00 last night？
— My mother was reading _____ my father was playing computer games.
A.while B.when C.unless D.as long as
4.[黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考考题] _____ they were quite tired，_____ they continued working.
A.Though，/ B.Although，but C.Because，so
5.[天津中考考题] _____ the dinner was all over，everyone helped wash the dishes.
A.How B.When C.Before D.Why
6.[安徽中考考题] — What do you think of your Junior Middle School life？
— I think it is colourful，_____ I am always busy.
A.if B.though C.while D.until
【答案点拨】
1.答案：C 句意：尽管迈克没有赢得比赛，但他脸上仍然带着笑容。由句意可知，表示“尽管”用although引导让步状语从句，故选C。
2.答案：B 句意：“他什么时候来？”“当他来的时候，我就告诉你。”when引导时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故选B。
3.答案：A 句意：“迈克，8点时你父母在做什么？”“我妈妈在读书，而我爸爸在玩电脑游戏。”由语法while引导时间状语从句用进行时可知选A。
4.答案：A 句意：虽然他们相当累，但是他们还继续工作。根据主句和从句的关系可知是让步状语从句，although和but不能同时出现。故选A。
5.答案：B 句意：当晚餐结束时，每个人都帮忙洗碗。表示“当……的时候”用when引导时间状语从句，选B。
6.答案：B 句意：“你觉得你的初中生活怎样？”“尽管我一直很忙，但我还是认为丰富多彩。”表示“尽管”用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。
【语法专练 体验中考】
1.[江苏南京] You'd better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide _____ you want to know more about its culture.
A.unless B.until C.although D.if
2.[浙江杭州] We didn't enjoy the day _____ the weather was so bad.
A.because B.though C.unless D.till
3.[山东泰安] — Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack？
— Certainly，_____ he comes back.
A.before B.as soon as C.until D.unless
4.[重庆考题] Julie didn't leave office _____ the police arrived.
A.however B.whenever C.while D.until
5.[江西考题] There will be less pollution _____ more people use public transportation.
A.but B.though C.unless D.if
6.[四川雅安] If Nick _____ home too late，he _____ his favourite cartoon.
A.gets；misses B.gets；will miss
C.will get；misses D.will get；will miss
7.[四川乐山] Lily was _____ hungry _____ she ate three hamburgers in one go.
A.too；to B.so；that C.enough；that
8.[江苏常州] — Jenny，will you leave for the USA now？
— No.It will be two weeks _____ I leave here.
A.until B.since C.before D.when
9.[湖北荆州] — Where was your dad at this time last night？
— He was talking with my uncle _____ I was looking for some information on the Internet.
A.after B.until C.since D.while
10.[山东济南] — Did you watch the soccer game last night？Our school team won the game in the last minute！
— Yes.I was _____ excited _____ I could not fall asleep.
A.as；as B.so；as C.too；to D.so；that
11.[山东淄博] We will have a picnic _____ it doesn't rain tomorrow.
A.though B.unless C.until D.if
12.[黑龙江齐齐哈尔] Don't come into the office _____ you are allowed.
A.if B.when C.until
13.[山东济宁] We have been expecting Rio 2016 Olympics _____ the Olympic flame （圣火）was lit.
A.if B.unless C.since D.though
14.[山东威海] I looked through my test paper again and again _____ I wouldn't make any mistakes.
A.so B.because C.so that
15.[湖北随州] — I really want to join the square dance.Can I learn the dance well？
— Yes，Mom！Nothing is impossible _____ you put your heart into it！
A.as long as B.as soon as C.even if D.unless
【答案速递】
1.D 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A
