[初中]全新英语语法19-2 感叹句

19-2 感叹句

感叹句是表示惊异和喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由what和how开头，句末用感叹号，读时用降调。How修饰形容词、副词或句子；What修饰名词。

1.what引起的感叹句结构

What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！如：

What a clever boy he is！（他是个）多么聪明的男孩啊！

What an interesting story it is！（这是个）多么有趣的故事啊！

What fine weather it is！多好的天气啊！

What beautiful flowers they are！（它们是）多么漂亮的花啊！

注意：

在感叹句中，What a/an 常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用an。what 用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如 rain，surprise，breakfast，lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a/an，如：

What a heavy rain it is！多大的一场雨啊！

What a great surprise it is！这多么令人惊奇啊！

What a rich breakfast it is！多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！

2.How引起的感叹句结构

How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！如：

How well you look！你气色真好！

How kind you are！你心肠真好！

How beautifully you sing！你唱得真好听！

Strawberries！How nice！草莓！多好呀！

How clever the boy is！这个男孩多么聪明啊！

How fast he runs！他跑得多么快啊！

注意：

how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：

How I want to be a doctor！我多么想成为一名医生啊！

How she dances！她跳得多好啊！

How I missed you.我多么想念你啊。

How you've grown！你都长这么大啦！

How you've changed！你的变化真大！

How he wished for a drink！他多希望能有点东西喝！

How things get around！Everyone must know you are in town.消息传得多快！人们一定都知道你到城里来了。

3.what感叹句与how感叹句的转换

what感叹句和how感叹句有时候可以相互转换。如：

How interesting the book is！

=What an interesting book it is！这本书多有趣啊！

4.没有感叹词的感叹句

感叹句除用what和how引出外，还可有其他许多形式，如可用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句等表达感叹语气，有时甚至一个单词或一个短语也可用作感叹句。如：

Stop talking！不要讲话了！

Isn't it a lovely day！天气真好！

The garden looks so lovely today！这花园今天真美！

Fire！失火了！

Very good！很好！

【中考速递】

1.[上海中考考题] _____ wonderful speech Emma gave at the UN conference！

A.How B.What C.What a D.What an

2.[广东中考考题]Tommy，_____ play basketball in the street next time.You may get hit by a car.

A.do B.don't C.must D.mustn't

3.[山东济南中考考题] — _____ dressed now！We have to go in ten minutes.

— OK，Mom.

A.Getting B.Get C.To get D.dots

4.[陕西中考考题] — Volunteers from Lantian Saving Team have saved many travellers in the mountains.

— _____ they are！

A.How great a man B.How great men

C.What a great man D.What great men

5.[吉林长春中考考题] _____ great news it is！We'll have a school trip next week.

A.What a B.What C.How a D.How

6.[云南昆明中考考题] — Have you watched the boat races this Dragon Boat Festival？

— Yes._____ wonderful races！

A.What an B.What a C.What D.How

【答案点拨】

1.答案：C 句意：Emma在联合国会议上做了一场非常精彩的演讲。由句意可知考查感叹句；由中心词speech可知用what a引起感叹句，故选C。

2.答案：B 考查祈使句。句意：汤米，下次不要在街上踢足球了。汽车可能会撞着你。由句意可知这里考查祈使句的否定式，故选B。

3.答案：B 句意：“现在就穿衣服！十分钟之内我们必须走。”“好的，妈妈。”由句意可知这是一个祈使句，动词要用原形。故选B。

4.答案：D 句意：“蓝天救援队的志愿者已在山中救出了许多游客。”“他们是多么伟大的人啊！”由句意可知后句为感叹句；由感叹句中的they可知man用复数men，且用what引起感叹句，故选D。

5.答案：B 句意：这是多么棒的消息呀！我们下周将有一个学校旅行。news是不可数名词，用what引导感叹句，故选B。

6.答案：C 句意：“在这次端午节你看过龙舟赛了吗？”“是的。多么精彩的比赛啊！”由句末的复数名词races可知用what引导感叹句，故选C。

【语法专练 体验中考】

1.[山东济南] — Making paper bottles？Wow，_____ great idea！

— Thank you.We may use less plastic in this way.

A.how B.what C.what an D.what a

2.[青海西宁] Do you want to be healthy？_____.Smiling can help you stay healthy.

A.Smile B.Smiling C.To smile D.Smiled

3.[吉林长春] _____ me an e-mail before you come to Hangzhou.I'll meet you at the airport.

A.Sending B.To send C.Sends D.Send

4.[云南考题] _____ exciting boat race it was！Many people watched it.

A.What a B.What an C.How D.How a

5.[黑龙江齐齐哈尔] The girl got the only chance to study abroad._____ proud her parents felt！

A.How B.What C.What a

6.[湖北黄石] _____ to smile at your life when you are in trouble，and you will soon be happy again.

A.Try B.To try C.Trying D.Tried

7.[四川攀枝花] _____ your umbrella，or you'll catch a cold on such a rainy day.

A.Take B.To take C.Taking D.Takes

8.[黑龙江绥化] _____ cold weather it is！

A.How a B.What a C.What

9.[湖南湘西] — _____ run in the hallways，Mike.

— Sorry.Ms.Clark.

A.Don't B.Please C.No

10.[山东泰安] As we all know，life is short but amazing._____ it！

A.Enjoy B.To enjoy C.Enjoying D.Enjoyed

11.[重庆考题] — Jack，don't always copy what others do._____ your head，please.

— Thanks for telling me.

A.Using B.Used C.Uses D.Use

12.[湖南常德] We have to say goodbye._____ time flies！

A.What B.How C.What a

【答案速递】

1.D 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.A 11.D 12.B