[初中]全新英语语法20-7 其他特殊情况的主谓一致

主谓一致指谓语动词必须在人称和数与句子的主语保持一致。在一般现在时态当中，当主语是第三人称单数时，be要用is，have要用has，其他实义动词要在词尾加-s或-es，被称之为谓语的第三人称单数形式。

英语中的主谓一致主要有三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

20-7 其他特殊情况的主谓一致

1.算式中的数词作主语

在算式里，主语是数词时，谓语动词只用第三人称单数形式。如：

Three and five is eight.三加五等于八。

Twelve divided by six is two.十二除以六等于二。

2.“the+形容词”结构作主语

“the+形容词”表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词一般用复数形式；“the+形容词”表示抽象概念作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。如：

The poor were usually looked down upon by the rich.过去，穷人常被富人瞧不起。

The wounded have been taken good care of in the hospital.伤员在医院受到了很好的照护。

The decayed has been thrown away.腐烂的东西已经被扔掉了。

3.分数、百分数作主语

分数、百分数作主语时，谓语动词的数要与of后的名词的数一致。如：

One fifth of the students have seen the film.五分之一的学生看过这部电影。

Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.地球表面的四分之三是海。

About thirty percent of the students were absent that day.那天大约有30%的学生缺席。

Sixty percent of the land in this town is covered with trees and grass.这个城镇中百分之六十的土地被树木和草覆盖着。

【中考速递】

1.[上海中考考题] The twins _____ fond of the new idea in the magazine article.

A.be B.am C.is D.are

2.[湖南永州中考考题] Neither Li Hua nor I _____ good at writing.

A.am B.is C.are

3.[黑龙江哈尔滨中考考题] Doing eye exercises _____ one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.

A.is B.are C.were

4.[青海中考考题] Not only I but also my parents _____ looking forward to seeing you！We can't wait.

A.am B.are C.were

5.[湖南郴州中考考题] — Look！A woman with three children _____ crossing the street.

— Let's help them.

A.is B.are C.was

【答案点拨】

1.答案：D 句意：那对双胞胎喜欢杂志文章中的新观点。考查be动词的用法。the twins为复数名词，谓语动词用复数，故选D。

2.答案：A 句意：李华和我都不擅长写作。Neither ...nor ...连接的两个名词作主语，谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致。故选A。

3.答案：A 句意：做眼保健操是保护我们眼睛的有效方法之一。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故选A。

4.答案：B 句意：不但我而且我的父母正盼望着能见到你。我们等不及了。not only ...but also ...连接两个成分作主语时遵循就近原则。故选B。

5.答案：A 句意：“看！一个带着三个孩子的妇女在过街。”“让我们帮帮她们吧。” with是介词，谓语动词要根据with前的名词确定单复数。故选A。

【语法专练 体验中考】

1.[甘肃兰州] My sister with my parents _____ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.

A.are making B.is making

C.was making D.were making

2.[湖北荆州] The number of the volunteer in our city _____ 2，000.And sixty percent of them _____ teachers and students.

A.is；is B.is；are C.are；is D.are；are

3.[湖南张家界] Playing computer games too much _____ bad for students' health.

A.am B.is C.are

4.[吉林长春] There _____ two dictionaries on the bookcase.You can use either of them.

A.is B.was

C.are D.were

5.[黑龙江齐齐哈尔] The pair of trousers _____ me.I will take it.

A.fit B.fits C.will fit

6.[贵州安顺] — What would you like to have for supper，Jack？

— Either noodles or rice _____ OK.I don't mind.

A.are B.were

C.is D.was

7.[黑龙江绥化] There _____ a pencil and some pens in the box.

A.is B.are C.aren't

8.[湖南常德] Fifty yuan _____ enough.

A.is B.am C.are

9.[湖北孝感] Both Kate and I _____ ready for the new high school life.

A.am B.is C.are D.be

10.[黑龙江龙东] About _____ of the land _____ covered with trees and grass.

A.three fifths；is B.three fifths；are

C.three fifth；are

11.[湖南邵阳] One of my friends _____ moved to America.I miss her so much.

A.has B.have C.are

12.[四川巴中] In our city there _____ a number of cars and the number of them _____ growing larger and larger.

A.are；is B.have；is C.is；are

13.[四川乐山] Don't worry.There _____ enough water，vegetables and fruits in the fridge.

A.have B.are C.is

14.[四川自贡] Everybody except Mike and Linda _____ there when the meeting began.

A.are B.was C.were

15.[山东烟台] There _____ a number of books in the library and the number of them _____ increasing.

A.has，is B.have，are C.are，is D.is，are

【答案速递】

1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.C