[高中]全新语法:动词的形式和时态分类 动词的形式
一、动词的形式
1.第三人称单数的变化规则
2.现在分词的变化规则
3.过去分词的变化规则
4.动词的不规则变化
（1）A—A—A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hit hit hit
let let let
put put put
read read read
hurt hurt hurt
（2）A—A—B型（现在式和过去式同形）
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
beat beat beaten
（3）A—B—A型（现在式和过去分词同形）
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
come came come
become became become
run ran run
（4）A—B—B型（过去式和过去分词同形）
①在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
burn burnt burnt
learn earned/learnt learned/learnt
mean meant meant
hear heard heard
②把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
build built built
lend lent lent
send sent sent
spend spent spent
③其他
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
pay paid paid
lay laid laid
say said said
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
think thought thought
sleep slept slept
keep kept kept
sweep swept swept
stand stood stood
understand understood understood
win won won
shine shone/shined shone/shined
catch caught caught
teach taught taught
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
get got got/gotten
hang hanged/hung hanged/hung
have had had
hold held held
leave left left
make made made
meet met met
sell sold sold
shoot shot shot
tell told told
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled
sit sat sat
dig dug dug
5.A—B—C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）
①在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
give gave given
take took taken
see saw seen
write wrote written
ride rode ridden
drive drove driven
throw threw thrown
blow blew blown
grow grew grown
know knew known
draw drew drawn
show showed shown
②过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
speak spoke spoken
break broke broken
wake waked/woke waked/woken
choose chose chosen
forget forgot forgotten
③变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
begin began begun
ring rang rung
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
swim swam swum
drink drank drunk
④其他不规则动词的变化。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
be（am，is） was/were been
be（are） were been
do did done
go went gone
lie lay lain
wear wore worn
