[高中]全新语法:虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 四、省略if的条件句

四、省略if的条件句

如果条件句中有助动词were，had，would，should等时可以省略if，然后用倒装语序

1.与现在事实相反的条件句

If I were a boy，I would learn boxing.

→ Were I a boy，I would learn boxing.如果我是男孩，我就学拳击。

If I had enough time，I would go to visit him.

→ Had I enough time，I would go to visit him.如果时间足够的话，我会去看他。

2.与过去事实相反的条件句

If I had been there yesterday，I would have seen you.

→ Had I been there yesterday，I would have seen you.

如果我昨天在那，我就会见到你了。

If they had not helped us，our experiment would have failed.

→ Had they not helped us，our experiment would have failed.

如果没有他们的帮助，我们的实验就会失败。

3.与将来事实相反的条件句

If it should be summer，I would go swimming.

→ Should it be summer，I would go swimming.如果是夏天，我就去游泳。

If the sun were to rise in the west，I would lend you the money.

→ Were the sun to rise in the west，I would lend you the money.

假如太阳从西边出来，我就借钱给你。

【提示】 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not 应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had等缩略成Weren’t，Shouldn’t，Hadn’t 而置于句首。

【辨析】如果不是因为有病，当时我会给他帮助的。

【正】Had it not been for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.

【误】Hadn’t it been for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.

4.固定句式

Were it not for ...如果要不是……

Had it not been for ...如果当时要不是……

Were it not for your help，I would never be a good boss.

要不是你的帮助，我永远成不了好老板。

Had it not been for you，I would have lost my way.当时要不是你，我就迷路了。