[高中]全新语法:独立主格结构 一、逻辑主语

一、逻辑主语

1.不定式的逻辑主语

（1）“ for sb.to do sth.” 句式中for sb.引出逻辑主语。

It is necessary for you to have a talk with him。你有必要和他谈一次。（you为逻辑主语）

There was nothing for us to fear.我们无所畏惧。（us为逻辑主语）

I am pleased for you to help me with my English。

很高兴你能帮我学习英语。（you为逻辑主语）

They found it important for us to collect more money for the project.

我们发现为工程筹集更多的款项很重要。（us为逻辑主语）

（2）“ of sb.to do sth.” 句式中of sb.引出逻辑主语。

It is foolish of him to do it like that.他那样做太傻了。（him为逻辑主语）

It’s very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，真是太好了。（you为逻辑主语）

（3）不定式作定语时是被定语修饰的先行词是逻辑主语。

The problem to be discussed is on the piece of paper.

纸上写了待讨论的问题。（the problem为逻辑主语）

The writer to come tomorrow is from Beijing.

明天要来的作者来自北京。（the writer为逻辑主语）

There are still some trees to be planted.仍有一些要种植的树。（trees为逻辑主语）

She is not always the first to come to school.

第一个来学校的并不总是她。（the first为逻辑主语）

They have nothing to eat.他们没有东西吃。（they为逻辑主语）

（4）双宾语句式中的间接宾语是逻辑主语。

Please give him the watch to repair.请把表给他修一修。（him为逻辑主语）

Please lend me a book to read.请借我本书读读。（me为逻辑主语）

（5）不定式作状语时句子主语是逻辑主语。

I stayed there to see what would happen.

我待在那里想看看会发生什么事。（目的状语，I为逻辑主语）

He will go to the clinic tomorrow to be examined by the doctor.

他明天去诊所让医生检查一下。（目的状语，he为逻辑主语）

He lived to be a very old man.他一直活到很老。（结果状语，he为逻辑主语）

I trembled to think of it.想到那事我就发抖。（原因状语，I为逻辑主语）

（6）不定式作宾语补足语时复合宾语中的宾语是逻辑主语。

None of them requires the equipment to be moved.

没人要求把仪器搬开。（the equipment为逻辑主语）

People don’t allow women to take part in the games.

人们不允许妇女参加这些运动。（women为逻辑主语）

I’ll ask them to be quiet.我会让他们安静。（them为逻辑主语）

2.动名词的逻辑主语

I do not mind Bob’s smoking in the room.（Bob’s为逻辑主语）

His being late made me unhappy.（his为逻辑主语）

Would you mind me opening the window？ （me为逻辑主语）

I’m strongly against children smoking.（children为逻辑主语）

3.分词的逻辑主语

（1）分词作状语时，逻辑主语是句子的主语。

Feeling tired，I went to bed early.我感到累，很早就睡了。（I为逻辑主语）

Taken in time，the medicine will be quite effective.

及时吃，这药会很有效的。（the medicine为逻辑主语）

【辨析】发现车被盗了，她急忙找来警察帮忙。

【误】Finding her car stolen，a policeman was asked to help.（逻辑主语不是a policeman）

【正】Finding her car stolen，she hurried to a policeman for help.（逻辑主语是she）

（2）分词作定语时，逻辑主语是被修饰的名词或代词。

The young woman standing over there is our new English teacher.

站在那边的年轻妇女是我们新的英语老师。（the young woman为逻辑主语）

There was a sleeping child in the room.房间里有一个睡着了的孩子。（child为逻辑主语）

The book written by him is very popular.他写的那本书很受欢迎。（the book为逻辑主语）