口语高分攻略丨实例讲解托福独立口语高分方法
一.托福独立口语需要积累答题素材
一般学生讲口语的大脑活动是先用中文思考，其次是根据中文所想的意思翻译成英文单词，再把这些单词根据主谓宾等语法知识组装成句，最后考虑单词的发音、语音语调等连词成句。而口语比较好的同学往往直接想到的是英文表达，然后是chunks，就是我们常说的语块，因为已经是积累好的句子，不需要再考虑语法等因素，所以可以直接脱口而出。这就像电脑开机一样，程序越少，速度越快。在考试之前多积累地道的语料而不是一味的选择网上的模版，才能更加从容的面对考试来取得高分。
比如TPO21 Task 1: Talk about an important news event that happened recently in your country. Describe the event and explain why it was important.很多学生看见 “news event”就大脑一片空白，不知从何说起，或者脑海里只有中文意思，对于新闻类的话题难以在短时间内直接用英文表述出来。以中国首架自制民用飞机C919举例: China’s first home-made large passenger jet was scheduled to take off in Shanghai, the narrow-body passenger plane made by state-run Comac as a triumph of indigenous innovation. 也可以说“一带一路”政策，One Belt and One Road initiative.
二.实例讲解托福独立口语细节叙述方法
这种方法通常当作第二个supporting details，相当于 “for example”，可以并列两个同类或异类的事物，描述其种类繁多。以 “Do you prefer to eat at home or eat out”为例：As for me, I prefer to eat out in various of restaurants, cuz it has wide section of food, from authentic Chinese cuisine to western-style food, from savory dishes to bland snacks, hence loads of mouth-watering food can meet my appetite and leave lasting impression on me. 这里 “authentic Chinese cuisine”指的是地道的中国菜，一般学生只会想到traditional Chinese food, 而好吃第一个想到的词就是 “delicious”, 需要注意替换词的积累。而对于某事使我留下深刻印象会表述为 “sth. leaves deep impression on me” 而对于native speaker来讲，”lasting”才是更加地道的表达方法。
再以2017.08.27 Task 1一个经典三选一题型为例。
Your university has acquired a piece of land next to the campus. There have been three options for the use of the land.
A. The athletic facilities stadiums
B. A park with nature trails
C. Centers for students and hotel for campus guests
此题只需作出选择，并给出合理解释即可。如选择 “The athletic facilities stadiums”可以从学生通过做各种运动来强身健体，排解压力或者参加团队运动锻炼团队合作精神等。”I tend to choose the athletic facilities stadiums, cuz students can work out there, from doing push-ups to sit-ups, from plank to Russian twist, which can befit them to strengthen their muscles and build up cardiovascular system, or get rid of stress after high-intensive study. 这里用 “from…to…” 来并列几个健身运动的动作，这种表述也适用于gym, court, square等描述地点的题型，要学会同类话题合并及举一反三。
同理，再看TPO27 Task 1: Talk about a popular actor, musician or artist whose work you do not admire.
这道题属于人物类话题中的名人类，可以从人物的外貌、性格、作品等角度入手。”Well, personally I’m not fascinated by a Korean music band, from their weird dressing style to flamboyant makeup, from aggressive personality to terrible works, from impolite behaviors to constant scandals, hence I have no motivation and passion to appreciate their albums. 这里用 “from…to…” 连接几个形容词+名词的结构来表达不喜欢的原因，比较工整并且容易在原有的结构上删减修改形成自己的答案，再应用于别的话题中。
“from…to…” 列举法是一种学生比较容易理解并应用的扩充细节的方法，能够通过快速并列几种事物来展开阐述自己的原因，把脑海里破碎的单词在短时间内形成chunks，在有效的时间内完成答题。并且适用范围广，在人物、地点、物品、事件题型中均可使用，而当作第二个supporting detail即时学生在时间不够的情况下结束答题也不会有违和感。
总而言之，托福独立口语想要拿高分必须内容充实并且涉及一些细节。我们在上文中通过实例为大家分析讲解了托福独立口语素材使用方法和细节叙述方法。独立口语素材积累可以积累一些生活中的例子，详述细节可以使用“From……to”句式来具体举例。
