布什于2005年在联合国六十周年大会上的演讲

布什于2005年在联合国六十周年大会上的演讲 英文版

Mr. Secretary General, Mr. President, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen,

Thank you for the privilege of being here for the 60th anniversary of the United Nations. Thank you for your dedication to the vital work and great ideals of this institution.

We meet at a time of great challenge for America and the world. At this moment, men and women along my country’s Gulf Coast are recovering from one of the worst natural disasters in American history. Many have lost homes, and loved ones, and all their earthly possessions. In Alabama and Mississippi and Louisiana, whole neighborhoods have been lifted from their foundations and sent crashing into the streets. A great American city is working to turn the flood waters and reclaim its future.

We have witnessed the awesome power of nature—and the greater power of human compassion. Americans have responded to their neighbors in need, and so have many of the nations represented in this chamber. All together, more than 115 countries and nearly a dozen international organizations have stepped forward with offers of assistance. To every nation, every province, and every community across the world that is standing with the American people in this hour of need, I offer the thanks of my nation.

Your response, like the response to last year’s tsunami, has shown once again that the world is more compassionate and hopeful when we act together. This truth was the inspiration for the United Nations. The U.N.’s founding members laid out great and honorable goals in the charter they drafted six decades ago. That document commits this organization to work to“save succeeding generations from the scourge of war,”“reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights,”and“promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom.”We remain committed to those noble ideals. As we respond to great humanitarian needs, we must actively respond to the other great challenges of our time. We must continue to work to ease suffering, and to spread freedom, and to lay the foundations of lasting peace for our children and grandchildren.

In this young century, the far corners of the world are linked more closely than ever before—and no nation can remain isolated and indifferent to the struggles of others. When a country, or a region is filled with despair, and resentment and vulnerable to violent and aggressive ideologies, the threat passes easily across oceans and borders, and could threaten the security of any peaceful country.

Terrorism fed by anger and despair has come to Tunisia, to Indonesia, to Kenya, to Tanzania, to Morocco, to Israel, to Saudi Arabia, to the United States, to Turkey, to Spain, to Russia, to Egypt, to Iraq, and the United Kingdom. And those who have not seen attacks on their own soil have still shared in the sorrow—from Australians killed in Bali, to Italians killed in Egypt, to the citizens of dozens of nations who were killed on September the 11th, 2001, here in the city where we meet. The lesson is clear: There can be no safety in looking away, or seeking the quiet life by ignoring the hardship and oppression of others. Either hope will spread, or violence will spread—and we must take the side of hope.

Sometimes our security will require confronting threats directly, and so a great coalition of nations has come together to fight the terrorists across the world. We’ve worked together to help break up terrorist networks that cross borders, and rout out radical cells within our own borders. We’ve eliminated terrorist sanctuaries. We’re using our diplomatic and financial tools to cut off their financing and drain them of support. And as we fight, the terrorists must know that the world stands united against them. We must complete the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism that will put every nation on record: The targeting and deliberate killing by terrorists of civilians and non-combatants cannot be justified or legitimized by any cause or grievance.

And the world’s free nations are determined to stop the terrorists and their allies from acquiring the terrible weapons that would allow them to kill on a scale equal to their hatred. For that reason, more than 60 countries are supporting the Proliferation Security Initiative to intercept shipments of weapons of mass destruction on land, on sea, and in air. The terrorists must know that wherever they go, they cannot escape justice.

Later today, the Security Council has an opportunity to put the terrorists on notice when it votes on a resolution that condemns the incitement of terrorist acts—the resolution that calls upon all states to take appropriate steps to end such incitement. We also need to sign and implement the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism, so that all those who seek radioactive materials or nuclear devices are prosecuted and extradited, wherever they are. We must send a clear message to the rulers of outlaw regimes that sponsor terror and pursue weapons of mass murder: You will not be allowed to threaten the peace and stability of the world.

Confronting our enemies is essential, and so civilized nations will continue to take the fight to the terrorists. Yet we know that this war will not be won by force of arms alone. We must defeat the terrorists on the battlefield, and we must also defeat them in the battle of ideas. We must change the conditions that allow terrorists to flourish and recruit, by spreading the hope of freedom to millions who’ve never known it. We must help raise up the failing states and stagnant societies that provide fertile ground for the terrorists. We must defend and extend a vision of human dignity, and opportunity, and prosperity—a vision far stronger than the dark appeal of resentment and murder.

To spread a vision of hope, the United States is determined to help nations that are struggling with poverty. We are committed to the Millennium Development Goals. This is an ambitious agenda that includes cutting poverty and hunger in half, ensuring that every boy and girl in the world has access to primary education, and halting the spread of AIDS—all by 2015.

We have a moral obligation to help others—and a moral duty to make sure our actions are effective. At Monterrey in 2002, we agreed to a new vision for the way we fight poverty, and curb corruption, and provide aid in this new millennium. Developing countries agreed to take responsibility for their own economic progress through good governance and sound policies and the rule of law. Developed countries agreed to support those efforts, including increased aid to nations that undertake necessary reforms. My own country has sought to implement the Monterrey Consensus by establishing the new Millennium Challenge Account. This account is increasing U.S. aid for countries that govern justly, invest in their people, and promote economic freedom.

More needs to be done. I call on all the world’s nations to implement the Monterrey Consensus. Implementing the Monterrey Consensus means continuing on the long, hard road to reform. Implementing the Monterrey Consensus means creating a genuine partnership between developed and developing countries to replace the donor-client relationship of the past. And implementing the Monterrey Consensus means welcoming all developing countries as full participants to the global economy, with all the requisite benefits and responsibilities.

Tying aid to reform is essential to eliminating poverty, but our work doesn’t end there. For many countries, AIDS, malaria, and other diseases are both humanitarian tragedies and significant obstacles to development. We must give poor countries access to the emergency lifesaving drugs they need to fight these infectious epidemics. Through our bilateral programs and the Global Fund, the United States will continue to lead the world in providing the resources to defeat the plague of HIV-AIDS.

Today America is working with local authorities and organizations in the largest initiative in history to combat a specific disease. Across Africa, we’re helping local health officials expand AIDS testing facilities, train and support doctors and nurses and counselors, and upgrade clinics and hospitals. Working with our African partners, we have now delivered lifesaving treatment to more than 230,000 people in sub-Sahara Africa. We are ahead of schedule to meet an important objective: providing HIV-AIDS treatment for nearly two million adults and children in Africa. At the G-8 Summit at Gleneagles, Scotland, we set a clear goal: an AIDS-free generation in Africa. And I challenge every member of the United Nations to take concrete steps to achieve that goal.

We’re also working to fight malaria. This preventable disease kills more than a million people around the world every year—and leaves poverty and grief in every land it touches. The United States has set a goal of cutting the malaria death rate in half in at least 15 highly endemic African countries. To achieve that goal, we’ve pledged to increase our funding for malaria treatment and prevention by more than $1.2 billion over the next five years. We invite other nations to join us in this effort by committing specific aid to the dozens of other African nations in need of it. Together we can fight malaria and save hundreds of thousands of lives, and bring new hope to countries that have been devastated by this terrible disease.

As we strengthen our commitments to fighting malaria and AIDS, we must also remain on the offensive against new threats to public health such as the Avian Influenza. If left unchallenged, this virus could become the first pandemic of the 21st century. We must not allow that to happen. Today I am announcing a new International Partnership on Avian and Pandemic Influenza. The Partnership requires countries that face an outbreak to immediately share information and provide samples to the World Health Organization. By requiring transparency, we can respond more rapidly to dangerous outbreaks and stop them on time. Many nations have already joined this partnership; we invite all nations to participate. It’s essential we work together, and as we do so, we will fulfill a moral duty to protect our citizens, and heal the sick, and comfort the afflicted.

Even with increased aid to fight disease and reform economies, many nations are held back by another heavy challenge: the burden of debt. So America and many nations have also acted to lift this burden that limits the growth of developing economies, and holds millions of people in poverty. Today poor countries with the heaviest debt burdens are receiving more than $30 billion in debt relief. And to prevent the build-up of future debt, my country and other nations have agreed that international financial institutions should increasingly provide new aid in the form of grants, rather than loans. The G-8 agreed at Gleneagles to go further. To break the lend-and-forgive cycle permanently, we agreed to cancel 100 percent of the debt for the world’s most heavily indebted nations. I call upon the World Bank and the IMF to finalize this historic agreement as soon as possible.

We will fight to lift the burden of poverty from places of suffering—not just for the moment, but permanently. And the surest path to greater wealth is greater trade. In a letter he wrote to me in August, the Secretary General commended the G-8’s work, but told me that aid and debt relief are not enough. The Secretary General said that we also need to reduce trade barriers and subsidies that are holding developing countries back. I agree with the Secretary General: The Doha Round is“the most promising way”to achieve this goal.

A successful Doha Round will reduce and eliminate tariffs and other barriers on farm and industrial goods. It will end unfair agricultural subsidies. It will open up global markets for services. Under Doha, every nation will gain, and the developing world stands to gain the most. Historically, developing nations that open themselves up to trade grow at several times the rate of other countries. The elimination of trade barriers could lift hundreds of millions of people out of poverty over the next 15 years. The stakes are high. The lives and futures of millions of the world’s poorest citizens hang in the balance—and so we must bring the Doha trade talks to a successful conclusion.

Doha is an important step toward a larger goal: We must tear down the walls that separate the developed and developing worlds. We need to give the citizens of the poorest nations the same ability to access the world economy that the people of wealthy nations have, so they can offer their goods and talents on the world market alongside everyone else. We need to ensure that they have the same opportunities to pursue their dreams, provide for their families, and live lives of dignity and self-reliance.

And the greatest obstacles to achieving these goals are the tariffs and subsidies and barriers that isolate people of developing nations from the great opportunities of the 21st century. Today, I reiterate the challenge I have made before: We must work together in the Doha negotiations to eliminate agricultural subsidies that distort trade and stunt development, and to eliminate tariffs and other barriers to open markets for farmers around the world. Today I broaden the challenge by making this pledge: The United States is ready to eliminate all tariffs, subsidies and other barriers to free flow of goods and services as other nations do the same. This is key to overcoming poverty in the world’s poorest nations. It’s essential we promote prosperity and opportunity for all nations.

By expanding trade, we spread hope and opportunity to the corners of the world, and we strike a blow against the terrorists who feed on anger and resentment. Our agenda for freer trade is part of our agenda for a freer world, where people can live and worship and raise their children as they choose. In the long run, the best way to protect the religious freedom, and the rights of women and minorities, is through institutions of self-rule, which allow people to assert and defend their own rights. All who stand for human rights must also stand for human freedom.

This is a moment of great opportunity in the cause of freedom. Across the world, hearts and minds are opening to the message of human liberty as never before. In the last two years alone, tens of millions have voted in free elections in Afghanistan and Iraq, in Lebanon and the Palestinian territories, in Kyrgyzstan, in Ukraine, and Georgia. And as they claim their freedom, they are inspiring millions more across the broader Middle East. We must encourage their aspirations. We must nurture freedom’s progress. And the United Nations has a vital role to play.

Through the new U.N. Democracy Fund, the democratic members of the U.N. will work to help others who want to join the democratic world. It is fitting that the world’s largest democracy, India, has taken a leadership role in this effort, pledging $10 million to get the fund started. Every free nation has an interest in the success of this fund—and every free nation has a responsibility in advancing the cause of liberty.

The work of democracy is larger than holding a fair election; it requires building the institutions that sustain freedom. Democracy takes different forms in different cultures, yet all free societies have certain things in common. Democratic nations uphold the rule of law, impose limits on the power of the state, treat women and minorities as full citizens. Democratic nations protect private property, free speech and religious expression. Democratic nations grow in strength because they reward and respect the creative gifts of their people. And democratic nations contribute to peace and stability because they seek national greatness in the achievements of their citizens, not the conquest of their neighbors.

For these reasons, the whole world has a vital interest in the success of a free Iraq—and no civilized nation has an interest in seeing a new terror state emerge in that country. So the free world is working together to help the Iraqi people to establish a new nation that can govern itself, sustain itself, and defend itself. It’s an exciting opportunity for all of us in this chamber. And the United Nations has played a vital role in the success of the January elections, where eight and a half million Iraqis defied the terrorists and cast their ballots. And since then, the United Nations has supported Iraq’s elected leaders as they drafted a new constitution.

The United Nations and its member states must continue to stand by the Iraqi people as they complete the journey to a fully constitutional government. And when Iraqis complete their journey, their success will inspire others to claim their freedom, the Middle East will grow in peace and hope and liberty, and all of us will live in a safer world.

The advance of freedom and security is the calling of our time. It is the mission of the United Nations. The United Nations was created to spread the hope of liberty, and to fight poverty and disease, and to help secure human rights and human dignity for all the world’s people. To help make these promises real, the United Nations must be strong and efficient, free of corruption, and accountable to the people it serves. The United Nations must stand for integrity, and live by the high standards it sets for others. And meaningful institutional reforms must include measures to improve internal oversight, identify cost savings, and ensure that precious resources are used for their intended purpose.

The United Nations has taken the first steps toward reform. The process will continue in the General Assembly this fall, and the United States will join with others to lead the effort. And the process of reform begins with members taking our responsibilities seriously. When this great institution’s member states choose notorious abusers of human rights to sit on the U.N. Human Rights Commission, they discredit a noble effort, and undermine the credibility of the whole organization. If member countries want the United Nations to be respected—respected and effective, they should begin by making sure it is worthy of respect.

At the start of a new century, the world needs the United Nations to live up to its ideals and fulfill its mission. The founding members of this organization knew that the security of the world would increasingly depend on advancing the rights of mankind, and this would require the work of many hands. After committing America to the idea of the U.N. in 1945, President Franklin Roosevelt declared:“The structure of world peace cannot be the work of one man, or one party, or one nation.”Peace is the responsibility of every nation and every generation.

In each era of history, the human spirit has been challenged by the forces of darkness and chaos. Some challenges are the acts of nature; others are the works of men. This organization was convened to meet these challenges by harnessing the best instincts of humankind, the strength of the world united in common purpose. With courage and conscience, we will meet our responsibilities to protect the lives and rights of others. And when we do, we will help fulfill the promise of the United Nations, and ensure that every human being enjoys the peace and the freedom and the dignity our Creator intended for all.

布什于2005年在联合国六十周年大会上的演讲 中文版

秘书长先生、主席先生、各位尊贵的来宾、女士们、先生们：

感谢你们让我有幸在联合国成立六十周年之际来到这里。感谢你们为这个机构的重要使命和伟大理想做出的奉献。

我们在美国和全世界面临重大挑战的时刻在这里聚会。此时此刻我国墨西哥湾沿岸地区的男女民众刚刚经历了美国有史以来最严重的自然灾害之一，正在恢复重建。很多人失去了家园、亲人和他们所有的财产。在亚拉巴马、密西西比和路易斯安那州，一个个街区被夷为平地，成为一片废墟。这座伟大的美国城市正在战胜洪灾，重建自己的未来。

我们目睹了大自然的惊人威力，但更有威力的是人类的关爱。美国人民向受灾同胞伸出援手，在座各位所代表的很多国家也提供了援助。总共有超过115个国家和十几个国际组织主动提出支援救灾。我谨代表我的国家，向在这个困难时刻援助美国人民的全世界每一个国家、每一个地区、每一个社区表示感谢。

你们的救援行动，与去年援助海啸灾区的行动一样，再次说明我们齐心协力能使全世界更富有关爱之情，也更有希望。这条真理正体现了联合国的精神所在。六十年前，联合国创始会员国在起草的宪章中阐明了伟大崇高的目标。宪章要求联合国决心“欲免后世再遭惨不堪言之战祸”，“重申基本人权之信念”，并“促成大自由中之社会进步及较善之民生”。我们一如既往决心实现上述崇高目标。我们在满足巨大的人道主义需求之时，必须积极应对我们这个时代其他的重大挑战。我们必须继续努力减轻苦难，积极传播自由，并为我们的子孙后代奠定持久和平的基础。

在这个新的世纪，全世界各个偏远的角落比以往任何时候都更加紧密地联系在一起，没有任何国家能继续置身事外，对其他国家的艰苦奋斗无动于衷。当一个国家或一个地区充满绝望，充满怨恨，无力抵挡暴力和侵略意识之时，威胁就会穿越大洋和国界，有可能危及任何爱好和平国家的安全。

从仇恨和绝望中滋生的恐怖主义袭击了突尼斯、印度尼西亚、肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚、摩洛哥、以色列、沙特阿拉伯、美国、土耳其、西班牙、俄罗斯、埃及、伊拉克和英国等很多国家。在本国领土上未遇到袭击的人们也承受了恐怖袭击带来的悲伤──澳大利亚人在巴厘遇难，意大利人在埃及被害，2001年9月11日，来自数十个国家的公民就在我们今天开会的这个城市被夺去了生命。教训是不言自明的：对此视若无睹，或为了寻求安宁生活对他人遭受的苦难和压迫不闻不问，绝对不可能带来安全。不是希望传遍人间，就是暴力四处蔓延。两者必居其一，而我们必须站在希望的一边。

有时我们为了安全而必须直接抗击威胁，许多国家因此而结成一个伟大的联盟，并肩打击世界各地的恐怖分子。我们共同努力，为瓦解跨国恐怖网络和摧毁本国境内的激进基层组织做出贡献。我们清除了恐怖分子的庇护所。我们正运用外交和财政手段切断他们的财源，断绝他们得到支援的渠道。恐怖分子必须明白，我们正在与他们进行斗争，全世界团结一致共同对敌。我们必须完成《全面制止国际恐怖主义公约》，使每个国家都明确：不论出于什么原因，也不论有什么怨恨，都不能成为恐怖分子蓄意袭击和杀害平民和非战斗人员的理由或使其行为合法化。

全世界的自由国家决心制止恐怖分子及其同盟者获得致命的大规模杀人武器发泄他们的仇恨。有鉴于此，有六十多个国家支持防扩散安全倡议，以阻截通过陆地、海上和空中运送的大规模毁灭性武器。恐怖分子必须明白，他们无论在何处藏身，都无法逃脱正义的惩罚。

今天晚些时候，安理会将表决谴责煽动恐怖行为的决议，向恐怖分子发出警告。这项决议要求所有的国家采取适当步骤终止这类煽动活动。我们还需要签署并实施《制止核恐怖行为国际公约》，使所有寻求放射性物质或核装置的人无论走到哪里都会受到起诉和引渡。我们必须向支持恐怖和寻求大规模毁灭性武器的非法政权统治者发出明确的信息：绝不允许你们威胁世界和平与稳定。

直接抗击我们的敌人是绝对必要的，因此文明国家必须继续主动向恐怖分子出击。然而，大家知道这场战争不能单靠武力获胜。我们必须在战场上击败恐怖分子，也必须在意识形态的战斗中战而胜之。我们必须向从不了解自由为何物的亿万人民传播自由的希望，铲除恐怖分子滋生和招兵买马的环境。我们必须帮助国力衰退的国家和停滞不前的社会，不使恐怖分子得到生长的土壤。我们必须保卫并扩大人类尊严、机会与繁荣的前景，这样的前景远比怨恨和屠杀的吸引力要强大。

为了传播希望的种子，美国决心帮助那些在贫穷中挣扎的国家。美国坚持要求实现千年发展目标。这是一个宏伟的目标，要求到2015年将贫穷挨饿的人口减少一半，保障全世界所有的儿童都能受到初级教育并制止艾滋病的蔓延等。

我们有帮助他人的道德义务，也有确保我们的行动切实有效的道德责任。2002年，我们在蒙特雷一致同意有关在新千年消除贫困、制止腐败和提供援助的新设想。发展中国家同意通过良好的国家治理、健全的政策和法治承担本国经济发展的责任。发达国家同意支持这些努力，其中包括对采取必要改革措施的国家增加援助。我国设立了新的世纪挑战账户，以执行《蒙特雷共识》。这一账户逐渐增加美国对实行公正治理，为本国人民谋利益并促进经济自由的国家提供的援助。

还有更多的工作需要做。我呼吁世界所有的国家执行《蒙特雷共识》。执行《蒙特雷共识》意味着继续沿着改革这条艰巨和漫长的道路走下去。执行《蒙特雷共识》意味着在发达国家和发展中国家之间建立真诚的合作伙伴关系，取代过去援助与受援的关系。执行《蒙特雷共识》意味着欢迎所有发展中国家全面参与全球经济，享有所有必要的益处，同时承担所有的义务。

要求使援助与改革挂钩对消除贫困至关重要，但是我们的工作并不因此结束。对于许多国家而言，艾滋病、疟疾及其他疾病既是人道主义的悲剧，也是明显阻碍发展的绊脚石。我们必须为贫困国家提供他们所需的拯救生命的应急药物，帮助他们抗击这些传染病。通过我们的双边项目和全球基金，美国将继续发挥主导作用，为抗击艾滋病的危害提供资源。

今天，美国正与当地政府及组织合作，开展有史以来为抗击某一种疾病而采取的规模最大的行动计划。在非洲大陆，我们正帮助地方卫生官员扩大艾滋病测试设施，为医生、护士和辅导人员提供培训和支援，改善诊所和医院条件。我们与非洲合作伙伴共同努力，已向撒哈拉沙漠以南地区23万多人提供了拯救生命的治疗。我们提前完成一个重要目标，为非洲近200万成人和儿童提供艾滋病治疗。在苏格兰格伦伊格尔斯举行八国首脑会议期间，我们制定了明确的目标，为非洲这一代人根除艾滋病。我在此呼吁联合国各会员国采取具体措施实现这个目标。

我们还在努力防治疟疾。这个可以预防的疾病每年在全世界范围内造成100多万人死亡。在这种疾病肆虐的每一个国家，人们都遭受了贫困和痛苦。美国已制定目标，要求至少使非洲十五个高发病国家的疟疾死亡率降低一半。为了实现这个目标，我们已承诺在今后五年内，为防治疟疾基金增拨12亿美元以上的资金。我们邀请其他国家与我们共同努力，承诺为需要基金帮助的其他几十个国家提供具体援助。通过共同努力我们就能防治疟疾，拯救成千上万人的生命，为受到这种可怕的疾病摧残的国家带来希望的曙光。

在承诺加强抗击疟疾和艾滋病的同时，我们还必须坚持积极防范禽流感等新的疾病，避免公众健康受到威胁。如果听之任之，禽流感病毒将引发21世纪的第一场流行病。我们决不能坐视不顾。今天，我宣布新的“预防禽流感国际合作计划”。这个国际合作计划要求面临疾病爆发的国家迅速向世界卫生组织传递信息，提供病毒取样。通过增加透明度的要求，我们就能对危害健康的疫情做出迅速反应，及时防止病毒蔓延。许多国家已参加了这项计划，我们邀请所有国家参与。我们共同努力是十分必要的，我们在这么做的同时也在履行保护我国公民，救死扶伤和抚慰受害者的道义责任。

即使用于抗击疾病和改革经济的援助不断增加，许多国家仍然受困于另外一项严重挑战：债务负担。债务重担使发展中的经济增长受到限制，使千百万人民处于贫困状态。因此，美国及许多其他国家还采取行动减免债务重负。今天，债务负担最重的贫穷国家正在接受300多亿美元的债务救助。为了防止今后的债务累积，我国和其他国家已一致同意，国际金融机构应该逐步增加以赠款方式而不是以借贷的方式提供新的援助。八国集团在苏格兰的格伦伊格尔斯开会时同意采取进一步行动。为了永久打破“借贷—减免”的循环，我们同意百分之百取消全世界负债最重的一些国家的债务。我呼吁世界银行和国际货币基金组织尽快落实这项具有历史意义的协议。

我们将积极努力帮助遭受苦难的地区摆脱贫困的重荷──不只限于目前，而是持之以恒。为了实现更富裕的前景，最有保障的途径是扩大贸易。联合国秘书长在今年8月写给我的信中赞赏八国集团的工作，但他告诉我，援助与债务减免仍然不够。秘书长说，我们还需要取消阻碍发展中国家前进的贸易壁垒和补贴。我同意秘书长的看法：多哈回合谈判是实现这项目标的“最有希望的途径”。

多哈回合谈判取得成功将降低和取消阻碍农工产品贸易的关税及其他壁垒。不公平的农业补贴将不复存在。全球服务业市场将实现开放。根据多哈协议每个国家都会受益，而发展中国家会获得最大的收益。历史上凡是敞开贸易大门的发展中国家，经济增长率高于其他国家数倍之多。取消贸易壁垒有可能在今后十五年内使几亿人脱离贫困。此事关系重大。全世界千百万最贫穷人民的生活与未来何去何从──我们务必要促使多哈贸易谈判取得成功。

多哈谈判是朝一个更大目标迈出的重要一步：我们必须拆除阻隔发达国家和发展中国家的一道道围墙。我们必须使最贫穷国家的人民获得与富裕国家人民同样的融入世界经济的能力，如此他们就能与其他人一样在世界市场上提供自己的商品，发挥自己的才能。我们需要保证他们拥有同样的机会实现他们的理想，供养他们的家庭，过上有尊严和自立的生活。

实现这些目标的最大障碍是关税壁垒、补贴以及把发展中国家人民与21世纪提供的重要机会隔离开来的种种障碍。今天，我重申我以前提出的艰巨任务：我们必须通过多哈谈判共同努力，取消扭曲贸易和阻碍发展的农业补贴，撤除关税壁垒及其他障碍，为全世界农民开放市场。今天，我通过提出下列保证扩大上述挑战的范围：美国准备与其他国家一起取消一切关税、补贴及其他阻碍商品和服务自由流通的各种障碍。这是全世界最贫穷国家战胜贫困的关键。我们必须为所有的国家促进繁荣，创造机会。

我们通过扩大贸易，让希望和机遇遍及全世界每个角落，并沉重打击在忿恨与不满中滋生的恐怖主义分子。我们扩大自由贸易的要求是我们增进世界自由的使命的一部分，使世界人民能够按照自己选择的方式生活、祈祷并养育子女。从长远来看，捍卫宗教自由和保护妇女和少数族裔权利的最佳途径是建立自我管理机制，从而使人们能够坚持并捍卫自己的权利。所有倡导人权的人也必须倡导人类自由。

当前自由的事业面临重大机遇。在世界各地人类自由的理念如此深入人心，堪称前所未有。仅在过去的两年中，千百万民众在阿富汗、伊拉克、黎巴嫩、巴勒斯坦领土、吉尔吉斯斯坦、乌克兰和格鲁吉亚的自由选举中参加了投票。他们行使自己的自由权利，同时也激励了大中东地区其他国家的千百万大众。我们必须鼓舞他们的士气。我们必须扶持民主进程。联合国应为此发挥关键作用。

通过新设立的联合国民主基金，联合国会员国中的民主国家将向希望加入民主共同体的国家提供帮助。世界上人口最多的民主国家印度承诺提供1000万美元启动民主基金，发挥了应有的主导作用。民主基金的成功关系到每一个自由国家的利益，每一个自由国家都有责任推进自由的事业。

实现民主不仅在于举行公平的选举，还必须建立长期维护自由的机制。民主在不同的文化中有不同的形式，但所有的自由社会都有一些共同的特点。民主国家维护法治，限制国家权力，并让妇女和少数族裔享有全部公民权利。民主国家保护私有财产、言论自由和宗教言论。民主国家奖励并尊重本国人民的聪明才智，从而使国力不断增强。民主国家依靠本国公民的努力实现国家强盛，从不对邻国强取豪夺，从而为和平与稳定做出贡献。

由于这些原因，自由伊拉克的成败关系到整个世界的重大利益，任何文明国家都不愿意看到一个新的恐怖政权在这个国家重新出现。因此，自由世界正共同努力，帮助伊拉克人民建立一个能够进行自治、自立和自卫的新国家。这为在座的所有人提供了一个令人振奋的机会。而联合国为今年1月伊拉克选举的成功发挥了极其重要的作用，850万伊拉克选民不顾恐怖分子的威胁参加了投票。此后，联合国又支持伊拉克民选领导人起草新宪法。

为建立完全符合宪法原则的政府，伊拉克人民正走上这条征途，联合国及其会员国必须继续同他们站在一起。伊拉克人民一旦完成这项使命，他们的成功将鼓舞其他国家的人民争取自己的自由，中东将在和平、希望与自由的氛围中成长壮大，我们所有的人都将在一个更安全的世界上生活。

推进自由与安全是我们时代的呼唤，也是联合国承担的使命。联合国的创建就是为了传播自由的希望，为了抗击贫困和疾病，为了帮助全世界所有的人获得人的权利和人的尊严。为了实现这些许诺，联合国必须做到强大有效，必须拒绝受腐败侵蚀，必须向服务对象负责。联合国必须坚持廉正，必须以其为别人制订的高标准来要求自己。联合国有意义的机构改革必须包括采取措施改进内部监察机制，确定节省开支的方案，保证宝贵资源用于既定目的。

联合国已在改革道路上迈出了第一步。改革进程将在今秋的联合国大会期间继续进行，美国将与其他国家一起主导改革工作。而改革的进程应以会员国认真对待自己承担的责任为起点。这个重要机构的会员国曾推选臭名昭著侵犯人权的国家为联合国人权委员会成员，使这项崇高的事业蒙羞，使整个联合国组织的信誉受到损害。会员国如果希望联合国受到尊重并发挥高效，就应该从保证联合国值得令人尊重开始。

新世纪伊始，全世界都需要联合国忠实于自己的理想并履行自己的使命。联合国的创始会员国笃信，全世界的安全日益取决于增进人类权利的努力，这需要多方面共同努力。富兰克林·罗斯福总统在1945年决定美国接受建立联合国的构想后表示：“构筑世界和平绝非一人、一党、一国之功。”每一个国家和每一代人都肩负着维护和平的重任。

在每一个历史阶段，人类精神都不免因出现黑暗与混乱受到挑战。有一些挑战是天灾，也有一些挑战是人祸。联合国成立的宗旨是发挥人类的最高智慧，动员全世界团结一致迎接这些挑战。我们将以我们的胆识和良知履行保护人类生命和权利的职责。我们将努力实现联合国的承诺，保障我们大家都能按照造物主的意旨，人人享有平安、自由和尊严。