VOA慢速英语:2014年巴西世界杯国际足联的经济成本和收益（双语）

The Economic Costs and Benefits of the 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil

2014年巴西世界杯国际足联的经济成本和收益

From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道。

The Brazilian government says it invested billions of dollars to prepare for the 2014 World Cup. The money has been spent on infrastructure like roads and stadiums for World Cup events. It also has paid for security and social projects. The government says these investments will result in long-term gains for Brazil, but independent experts say effects of the spending are mixed.

巴西政府称，巴西投资百亿美元来准备2014年巴西世界杯。这笔钱用在修剪道路和世界杯比赛所要用的体育馆等，同时也被用于安全防护和社会工程。政府称，这些投资将会为巴西带来长期收益，但是独立专家们称，这些所带来的影响是混杂的。

Urban planners say the $11 billion spent on stadiums and infrastructure has created jobs for poor Brazilians, but they say this development has a price. The public works have driven up the cost of housing. This, say some experts, has push poor people further away from jobs and public services.

城市规划员称其中有110亿美元用于基础设施和体育馆的修建，这为那些贫穷的人提供了工作机会，但是这种发展也会有代价。那就是公共工程驱使房价的上升。一些专家表示，这样会逼迫那些穷人远离就业机会和公共服务。

Some people are questioning the value of Police Pacification Units, called the UPP in Portuguese. Officials have sent the special police forces to drive out drug traffickers and other criminals. But the results have been mixed, says Chris Gaffney. He teaches at Fluminense University in Rio de Janeiro.

有人质疑维和警察(葡语称为UPP)的作用，官方已经派出这支特别警队来赶走毒贩和其他犯罪分子。但在里约热内卢的弗洛米嫩塞大学任教的Chris Gaffney称，结果喜忧参半。

Professor Gaffney says the drug traffickers just move their operations to other favelas. But he adds that the UPP have brought some order to once lawless neighborhoods.

他称，毒贩只是将他们的非法交易转移到其他贫民区，但是维和警察也给这些不法街区带来了一些秩序。

"These places were closed in many respects to the formal market. But the UPP goes in [to the favela] and it removes the barrier of the drug traffickers and allows all kinds of market forces to flow through it," explained Gaffney.

他解释称：“这些地方的很多方面的正规市场关闭了，然而维和警察进驻贫民区，允许各种市场力量流入贫民区，清除了毒贩的障碍。”

He says these forces have opened some areas to tourism or state-support projects or businesses. The organizing body of the World Cup, FIFA, also invested in social programs.

他称这些警力为旅游和一些国家支持的项目或商业，开放了一些地区。世界杯主办机构国际足联也在这些社会项目上有所投资。

Lisa Delpy Neirotti is with Georgetown University in Washington D.C. She says the investments have led to programs for educating young people about the environment, the disease AIDS, or the importance of staying in school. She says FIFA pressure the Brazilian government to accept some pro-environmental measures like treating and reusing waster at stadiums.

任职于华盛顿乔治敦大学的Lisa Delpy Neirotti称，这些投资项目在环境，艾滋病和在校读书方面对年轻人起到教育作用。她还讲到，国际足联迫使巴西政府接受了有利于环境的措施，例如在体育馆处理和再利用废弃物。

FIFA also wanted the structures built for the World Cup to meet the guidelines of LEED, or Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. The U.S. Green Building Council set up the LEED Certification Program to recognize best in class building policies.

另外，国际足联还希望为世界杯所建的建筑可以满足能源于环境设计先导的准则。美国绿色建筑协会建立了LEED认证程序，来确认同类中最好的建筑。

Brazil's government says the World Cup will add billions of dollars to the economy, but many Brazilians believe the money will go to only a few people.

巴西政府称世界杯将会为巴西经济带来几十亿美元的收益，但是很多巴西人认为这些钱只会流入极少人的口袋。

Critics note some cities in Europe have rejected proposals to hold huge sporting events. They say a new models is needed if nations organizing such activities are to avoid protests like those earlier in Brazil.

评论人士强调欧洲的一些城市已经拒绝举办大型体育赛事。他们表示，如果国家想要举办这样的活动，就要避免早前在巴西出现的抗议活动，这就需要一种新的模式出现。

And that's the Economics Report. I'm Mario Ritter.

这就是今天的美国之音慢速英语经济报道的全部内容，我是Mario Ritter。