最高法发布减刑假释新规

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The top court has issued a revision to the regulation on seeking commutation of sentences and parole, specifying the circumstances to prevent unjust reduction of prison time.

最高法院发布了有关办理减刑和假释的法律规定，列出具体规定以防止不公正的减刑行为。

我们先说一说规定中涉及的三类刑罚变更执行的行为：“减刑”(commutation of sentences或者have someone's prison sentence commuted);“假释”(release on parole);“暂予监外执行”(serve one's sentence outside of prison due to medical or other reasons)。

前几年，许多职务犯罪(duty-related crimes)、金融犯罪(economic crimes)、涉黑犯罪(crimes involving mafia-like gangs)中的“有权人”和“有钱人”，较之普通罪犯减刑间隔时间短、减刑幅度大，假释(be released on parole)和暂予监外执行(serve their sentences outside due to medical or other reasons)比例高。有的罪犯采取假计分、假立功、假鉴定等手段违法获取减刑、假释、暂予监外执行。

此次发布的《规定》对职务犯罪罪犯、黑社会性质组织犯罪罪犯、金融犯罪罪犯以及严重危害国家安全犯罪、恐怖活动犯罪、严重暴力性犯罪等依法应当从严控制减刑、假释的罪犯，新增减刑起始时间、间隔时间、减刑幅度从严的规定。

《规定》明确对被判处终身监禁的罪犯，在死刑缓期执行期满依法减为无期徒刑的裁定中，应当明确终身监禁，不得再减刑或者假释(those who served two-year reprieve after the death penalty will be commuted to life in prison and are not allowed further commutation or parole)。

《规定》明确，被判处死刑缓期执行的罪犯减为无期徒刑或者有期徒刑后，实际执行十五年以上，方可假释(those being sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve should serve at least 15 years of prison time after commutations)，该实际执行时间应当从死刑缓期执行期满之日起计算。