全国英语等级考试教材第三级Unit10

[00:00.00] CHAPTER 10 PLACES [00:11.99]Unit 10 Places [00:17.87]Conversations [00:21.52]part 1 [00:24.76]A is asking the way in New York. [00:29.73]A:Can you tell me where New York's Chinatown is? [00:34.46]B:Yes.It's downtown Manhattan between Mott Street and Canal Street. [00:41.72]A:How far is it from here? [00:45.58]B:Well,we are now in Times Square at 42nd Street.It is quite a long way from here. [00:54.05]A:How can I get there? [00:57.81]B:You can either take the subway or downtown bus. [01:02.77]A:Which is more convenient? [01:06.25]B:The best way to get there is by the BMT subway right here [01:12.10]and get off at the Canal Street Station. [01:16.46]A:Where is the station here? [01:20.09]B:Look,just over there. [01:23.93]part 2 [01:27.09]John is talking with Peter-a native person in Chicago. [01:34.17]John:Peter,do you like living in Chicago? [01:38.72]Peter:Yes,I'm proud of living here. [01:43.39]You know,we think it is even more important to the nation than New York. [01:49.45]John:Why? [01:52.61]Peter:Chicago is the center of American commerce and transportaion. [01:58.67]We have the busiest airport in the world. [02:03.35]John:Any other reason? [02:07.01]Peter:Yes.It is still the centre of the American railroad system. [02:13.46]John:And the port? [02:16.93]Peter:It is a great inland port,unique in the world. [02:22.08]It can send goods by ocean-going ships all the way to Europe. [02:28.24]It can send goods by barge,through waterways and canals, [02:34.70]to the Mississippi and down it to the Gulf of Mexico. [02:40.26]John:Oh,I see. [02:43.79]part 3 [02:47.44]A wants to learn something about Denmark. [02:52.90]A:Julie,you are from Denmark,aren't you? [02:57.58]B:Yes. [03:00.95]A:Please tell me something about your country. [03:05.21]B:Fine.Denmark is a constitutional monarchy in Northwestern Europe. [03:12.76]A:How many people are there? [03:16.83]B:Not many.In 1996,it was estimated as a little over 5000 000. [03:24.88]A:What is the land like? [03:28.72]B:The surface of the Danish mainland is generally low; [03:34.57]the average elevation is about 30 metres above sea level. [03:41.54]A:And the climate? [03:45.20]B:It has a temperate maritime climate. [03:49.85]The mean temperature in summer is about 16'C;and in winter,about 0'C. [03:59.12]A:Does it rain a lot there? [04:03.07]B:Yes.The average annual rainfall is about 610mm. [04:10.72]A:Do they speak fluently in English as you? [04:15.58]B:Not everyone.The official language is Danish, [04:21.33]and many Danes also speak English as their second language. [04:27.21]A:Oh,English is really a popular language in te whole world. [04:33.08]part 4 [04:36.24]A and B are talking about Sydney. [04:41.89]A:Hello,Bob.Where is your landlady from? [04:47.06]B:She is from Australia. [04:50.90]A:Is Australia big? [04:54.66]B:Yes.It's almost as big as the continental US. [05:00.54]A:Is she from Sydney? [05:04.20]B:Yes. [05:07.25]A:Have you heard anything about Sydney? [05:11.61]B:Yes.It's the water that defines Sydney. [05:17.18]It is a playground and a front yard. [05:21.85]A:What attracts people most in Sydney? [05:26.61]B:The Opera House,which was completed in 1963 [05:32.67]and it looks like billowing sails to sun, [05:37.40]though the architect had orange sections in mind. [05:42.65]A:I like the idea.How many people are there? [05:48.21]B:You mean population?About four million. [05:53.80]A:So,it's a big city. [05:57.93]B:Usually,capital cities are quite big worldwide. [05:56.93]Passage [06:00.09]The Beauty of Britain [06:03.96]The beauty fo our country is as hard to define as it is easy to enjoy. [06:11.90]Remembering other and larger countries, [06:16.65]we see at once that one of its charms [06:21.01]is that it varies immensely within a small compass. [06:26.06]We have here no vast mountain ranges, [06:31.02]no illimitable plains but we have superb variety. [06:36.79]A great deal of everything is packed into little space. [06:42.04]Nature,we feel,has carefully adjusted things-mountains,plains,rivers, [06:50.09]lakes-to the scale of the island itself. [06:55.34]For a variety of landscape, [06:59.10]the Yorkshire Dales cannot be matched with this island or anywhere else. [07:05.45]A day's walk among them will give you almost everything fit to be seen on this earth. [07:12.42]You will enjoy the green valleys,with their rivers, [07:17.47]and find old bridges,peasant villages and smooth fields. [07:23.71]And you will find yourself facing the moorland slopes,with their rushing streama, [07:30.19]salty winds and white farmhiouses. [07:34.86]And then you will reach the onely heights, [07:39.23]which seem to be miles above the ordinary word. [07:44.19]Yet less than an hour in a fast motor will bring you to the middle of some [07:50.35]manufacturing towns, [07:53.91]which can be left and forgotten [07:57.67]just as easily as it can be reached from these heights. [08:02.84]With variety goes surprise.Ours is the country of happy surprises. [08:10.21]If you go down into the West Country,among rounded hills and soft pastures, [08:17.26]you will suddenly arrive at the bleak tablelands. [08:22.09]But before you have reached them you have already been surpised [08:27.84]by the queer bit of Fren country you have found in the neighborhood of Glastonbury. [08:34.08]After the easy rolling Midlands,the dramatic Peak District, [08:40.74]with its genuine steep fells,never fails to astonish me. [08:46.70]A car will take you all round the Peak District in a morning. [08:52.58]It is nothing but a crumpled green handkerchief. [08:58.14]Nevertheless,we hear of search parties going out there to find lost travelers. [09:05.51]I have never explored this region properly, [09:10.58]and so it remains to me a country of mystery. [09:15.43]I could go on with this list of surprises, [09:20.68]but perhaps you had better make your own. [09:25.15]Another characteristic of our landscape is its exquisite moderation. [09:31.92]It has been born of a compromise between wildness and tameness, [09:38.47]between Nature and Man. [09:42.31]One reason for this is that it contains that exquistite balance between Nature and Man. [09:49.39]The fence and the gate are man-made, [09:53.94]but are not severely reaular and trim as they would be in some other countrites. [10:00.50]The trees and hedges,the grass and wild flowers, [10:06.14]all suggest that Nature has not been forced into obedience. [10:11.91]The irregularity and coloring of the cottage make it snugly into th elandscape, [10:19.56]and you feel it might have grown there, [10:23.69]because it looks nearly as much a piece of natural history as the trees. [10:30.35]In some countries,the cottage would have dclared, [10:35.71]"Man,the drainer,the tiller,the builder,has settled here." [10:42.19]In this English scene there is no such direct opposition. [10:47.93]Men and trees and flowers,we feel,have all settled down comfortably together. [10:55.20]The motto is,"Live and let live." [11:00.47]This exquisite harmony between Nature and Man [11:05.33]explains in part the charm of the older Britain. [11:10.29]The whole town fitted snugly into the landscape, [11:15.75]as if they were no more than bits of woodland; [11:20.93]and roads went winding the easiest way as naturally as rivers. [11:27.09]It was impossible to say where cultivation ended and wild life began. [11:33.54]It was a country rich in trees,birds,and wild flowers,as we can see to this day. [11:41.48]Words and Expressions [11:45.93]define charm immensely vary [11:53.19]compass range illimitable plain [12:00.95]superb adjust scale moorland [12:08.99]slope rushing stream salty [12:16.25]farmhouse manufacturing easily rounded [12:24.93]pasture bleak tableland neighborhood [12:32.58]rolling dramatic genuine steep [12:40.23]crumpled explore region properly [12:48.28]mystery exquisite moderation compromise [12:56.95]wildness tameness balance severely [13:05.21]trim hedge obedience irregularity [13:13.57]coloring snugly opposition motto [13:21.32]woodland wind cultivation [13:27.39]Exercises [13:31.23]Section I Listening Comprehension [13:36.89]Listen to the record. [13:40.73]Answer each question by choosing A,B,C or D from the four possible choices. [13:49.69]A We are going to check the places and distances among them. [13:56.64](1)Los Angeles to Chicago:two thousand and fifty-four;Houston to Miami: [14:06.70]one thousand one hundred and ninety-nine;Detroit to Houston: [14:14.14]one thousand two hundred and sixty-five. [14:19.42](2)New York to Los Angeles;two thousand seven hundred and eighty-six; [14:27.88]Chicago to Houston:one thousand and fifty; [14:33.76]Chicago to Miami:one thousand three hungred and twenty-swven [14:40.71]B The coastal area of North Africa,is almost as pleasant as Southem California, [14:48.89]with hot,dry summers,and consistently heavy rains in winter. [14:55.44]The forested mountains of Morocco and Algeria have a heavy winter, [15:02.21]snowfall,and excellent skiing grounds. [15:07.07]Temperatures in the coastland's higher altitudes [15:12.42]fall below freezing on winter nights. [15:17.07]In the south of the mountains and plateaus the true desert begins. [15:23.45]It is not a continuous sea of land; [15:28.31]some parts are great stretches of picturesque dunes, [15:34.05]but others are rim rock and gravel,not at all flat, [15:40.32]and one may travel for days and see scarcely any sand. [15:46.07]Rains fall rarely,though then in such large closes [15:52.31]that bivouac commanders should take care not to make camp in a ravine. [15:59.26]Winter nights are bitterly cold. [16:03.94]C Travelling on the London underground(the "tube") [16:10.39]presents few difficulties for visitors because of the clear color-coded maps. [16:18.15]It is always useful to have plenty of spare change with you [16:23.79]because there are often long queues at the larger stations. [16:29.82]If you have enough change you can buy your ticket from a machine. [16:35.68]You will find signs which list the stations in alphabetical order, [16:42.05]with the correct fares,near the machines. [16:47.51]There are automatic barriers are operated by the tickets. [16:53.67]You should keep the ticket,because it is checked at destination. [16:59.63]Supplementary Reading [17:03.57]New Zealand-the International Marketplace [17:10.05]Trade is New Zealand's livelihood. [17:15.09]As the country lacks many mineral resources and has only discovered small reserves of oil, [17:23.27]New Zealand needs to import minerals to keep its economy running. [17:29.51]Over 75% of imports are raw materials needed for production and transport fuels. [17:39.36]New Zealand depends on increasing its export income by diversifying its products. [17:48.04]Greater efficiency and competitiveness are seen as the key to long-term growth. [17:55.58]A number of government departments have been made fully commercial [18:01.65]and are expected to make a profit. [18:06.32]Several,including Telecom and New Zealand Rail [18:12.38]have been completely or partly sold to overseas investors. [18:18.55]The financial sector has seen the most rapid [18:23.51]and far-reaching deregulation in its history. [18:28.68]Foreign investment is increasing and financial markets are active. [18:35.13]New Zealand is one of the world's largest exporters of meat, [18:41.38]dairy products and wool. [18:45.32]However,because the country depends heavily on agricultural products [18:52.79]it is very easily affected by changes in world prices for those products. [19:00.05]It is also affected by problems with oil prices and supply. [19:06.30]A lot of agricultural products are exported through product boards. [19:13.14]These boards are responsible for wool,dairy products,kiwifruit, [19:20.61]apples and pears,berryfruit,eggs,poultry,honey,wheat,tobacco,potatoes and hops. [19:32.55]As well as exporting, [19:36.31]these boards ensure there is an adequate supply for the home market. [19:43.16]Western Europe and particularly Britain have traditionally been New Zealand's major export market. [19:51.91]Since Britain's entry to the European Community in 1973, [19:58.44]the percentage of exports sold to the European Community [20:04.21]has been reduced from 67% to under 25%. [20:10.98]The major markets for exports in 1993 were,in order of value of exports, [20:19.52]Australia,Japan,USA,UK,South Korea and Malaysia. [20:28.90]Products exported,in order of value,are meat,dairy products,wool, [20:37.26]fish and seafeed,forest products,fruit and nuts,aluminum, [20:44.39]skins and leather and mechanical machinery. [20:49.74]New Zealand has a worldwide reputation for providing technical expertise, [20:57.21]particularly in agriculture,engineering,forestry and land management. [21:05.36]New Zealand companies are also successful expoorters of computer software [21:12.21]and electronic in specialist areas. [21:17.25]The main imports are industrial raw materials, [21:23.10]capital equipment and consumer goods.Many items are imported duty free. [21:30.94]Major sources of imports,in order of value of goods,are Australia, [21:38.78]USA,Japan,UK,Germany,Saudi Arabia,Taiwan and Singapore. [21:47.92]New Zealand is sometimes calles"the world's biggest farm." [21:53.56]However,although it has an ideal climate for grassland farming, [22:00.40]little land is naturally arable and much of it is mountainous. [22:06.96]Scientists and farmers have developed techniques for grassland management. [22:13.94]About two thirds of farmland is too rugged to be fertilized or sewn by tractor, [22:21.38]so New Zealand has been a pioneer in agricultural aviation, [22:28.15]using lovally developed aircraft to spread fertilizer and seeds from teh air. [22:35.51]There are about 59 000 farms and horticultural businesses. [22:42.17]Over half of these farms are smaller than 100 hectares. [22:48.23]Beef ranches and sheep stations in South Island are large by most standards. [22:56.49]The land supports about 65 million sheep and 8 million cattle, [23:03.05]which live outside all year round. [23:07.59]New Zealand is the world's largest exporter of lamb and mutton. [23:13.65]It is also the largest exporter of dairy products. [23:19.11]There are over 3.3 million dairy cattle,with 150 cows in the average herd. [23:28.78]Recently deer have been domesticated for venison,and goats for their fiber(hair)

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