VOA慢速英语：厄瓜多尔和日本正在搜寻震后幸存者
Efforts to rescue victims continue after strong earthquakes in Ecuador and Japan killed hundreds and injured thousands.
In Ecuador, officials say at least 350 people died and more than 2,500 were injured in an earthquake that struck the coastal area late Saturday.
Officials say the number of dead will increase as aidworkers reach isolated areas.
Rescuers are digging with their hands and tools tofind survivors under collapsed buildings. Soldiershave been deployed to areas hit by the earthquakes.
President Rafael Correa visited the coastal city of Manta, where the earthquake caused much damage. He said the earthquake was the worst natural disaster in his country since 1949, when thousands of people died in an earthquake.
Officials say the quake was felt throughout the country. It stopped electricityand mobile phone service throughout the capital, Quito.
In Japan, the U.S. military is helping Japan recover from three powerful earthquakes there. At least 41 people were killed in southern Japan on the large island of Kyushu.
Officials said as many as 100 people were trapped under collapsedbuildings in Kumamoto Prefecture.
In addition to the dead and the missing, almost 2,000 people have beenhurt since the first earthquake struck Thursday. Buildings collapsed. Firesand landslides occurred. Two stronger quakes struck on Friday andSaturday.
On Sunday, the Japanese government sent 25,000 Self Defense Force troops to help people on Kyushu.
Officials say many people are trapped or buried under collapsed buildings or homes. About 200,000 people are in evacuation centers at schools andgovernment buildings.
Officials will not have complete damage reports until all communities arereached.
Dangerous aftershocks often happen after large earthquakes. Experts saythey will be felt in southern Japan for more than a week. There have been more than 450 aftershocks since Thursday.
“There is no connection between the earthquakes” in Japan and Ecuador,says Gavin Hayes, PhD, a research geophysicist with the U.S. Geological Survey in Golden, Colorado.
“Earthquakes are random,” he says, and sometimes they happen around the same time. These recent ones are not connected, he says.
What Japan and Ecuador do have in common is that they are both part of what is called the “ring of fire.” That is the area around the edges of the Pacific Ocean, like coastal Asia and coastal North and South America. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, 90 percent of the world’s earthquakes happen there.
Earthquakes happen when the "plates" — or the crust and upper layer of the earth -- move against each other. When they shift, it causes the earth to shake and shudder, moving energy along the lines of the plates. These lines are called faults.
Hayes says earthquakes are not increasing or getting worse than in thepast. What is different is word spreads more quickly now.
“We are in a situation now that everyone is in tune with the Internet and media… and we’re hearing more about (earthquakes) than in the past.”
With Twitter and other social media, Hayes says, people can post picturesand information immediately after an earthquake.
I’m Anne Ball.
Words in This Story
aftershock – n. a smaller earthquake that takes place after a larger one
landslide – n. a large mass of rocks and earth that suddenly and quickly moves down the side of a mountain or hill
isolated – adj. separate from others
shudder - v. to shake or move violently
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