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VOA慢速英语：马克龙VS勒庞进入总统决选

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2017年04月25日

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[00:00.20]New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio wants to raise taxes on cigarettes [00:06.92]to persuade people to stop smoking. [00:11.72]He would raise the current $10.50 minimum price [00:17.00]for a pack of cigarettes to $13 in New York City. [00:23.60]De Blasio said the goal of making New York the most expensive city [00:29.52]in America to buy cigarettes is to reduce tobacco use. [00:35.84]If people have to pay more, he said, [00:39.32]they might decide to stop smoking, or, even better, never start. [00:47.48]The mayor is pushing a number of bills. [00:51.24]In addition to raising taxes on cigarettes, [00:55.20]his bills would limit the number of places selling tobacco products in New York. [01:01.75]Under one proposal, the city would bar drug stores, [01:07.12]also known as pharmacies, from selling cigarettes. [01:12.56]Dr. Mary Bassett is New York City's commissioner of health. [01:18.48]She said, "As a former smoker, I know how hard it is to quit. [01:25.60]These bills will make it less likely that New Yorkers will start smoking [01:30.92]and easier for New Yorkers who smoke to quit." [01:35.16]New York is America's largest city, with over 8.5 million residents. [01:44.28]The city's Health Department says the percentage of New Yorkers who smoke [01:49.32]has dropped from 21.5 percent in 2002 to 14.3 percent in 2005. [02:00.12]But that still leaves 900,000 smokers in the city. [02:05.00]An estimated 15,000 of the city's smokers are under age 18. [02:11.92]The idea behind the mayor's proposal [02:15.20]is that people will stop smoking if the cost is too high. [02:21.20]Opponents said many people will continue to smoke [02:25.80]and that some will be pushed more into poverty [02:30.04]or find places to get illegal cigarettes free of taxes. [02:37.16]"Over time, it's proven again and again [02:40.68]that these efforts are ultimately ineffective as people, minors included, [02:47.32]turn more and more to the bootleggers," said Audrey Silk. [02:52.96]She is founder of NYC Citizens Lobbying Against Smoker Harassment. [03:01.68]But de Blasio said government has a moral responsibility [03:06.60]to discourage people from smoking. [03:10.48]He said that higher prices have been shown to stop people from smoking. [03:17.32]"When it comes to New Yorker's health, [03:20.28]big tobacco is pubic enemy #1," de Blasio said. [03:28.60]The World Health Organization says there is no doubt [03:32.70]that smoking cigarettes is harmful. [03:37.72]"Tobacco is the only legal drug that kills many of its users [03:43.72]when used exactly as intended by manufacturers," the WHO said in a report. [03:52.30]It says smoking is responsible for about 6 million deaths a year across the world. [04:00.92]Globally, the WHO says there are 1.1 billion tobacco smokers aged 15 or older. [04:11.36]About 226 million smokers live in poverty, it said. [04:18.20]Smoking rates and taxes differ across the world. [04:24.56]The countries with the highest percentage of smokers are Serbia, [04:29.52]Bulgaria, Greece, Russia and Slovenia, the Tobacco Atlas reports. [04:37.84]But the countries with most cigarettes smoked are China, Russia, [04:44.52]the United States, Indonesia and Japan, the Tobacco Atlas said. [04:52.00]The Chinese smoke more cigarettes than all other low- [04:56.76]and middle-income countries combined, the Tobacco Atlas says. [05:02.76]The atlas is put out by officials [05:05.40]from the American Cancer Association and World Lung Foundation. [05:11.68]Numbeo.com is a website that tracks the cost of living around the world. [05:19.44]The site reports that the most expensive countries to buy cigarettes a [05:24.72]re: Australia, $18.77 per pack; followed by New Zealand, $16.19; [05:34.24]Bermuda, $12.24; Norway, $12.23; and Iceland, $11.81. [05:46.04]In 2016, voters in two American states -- California and Colorado [05:52.56]-- voted on separate proposals to raises taxes on cigarettes. [05:58.56]Voters in California approved a $2 tax increase per pack of cigarettes. [06:05.20]But voters in Colorado rejected a $1.75 tax increase. [06:12.48]The New York City Council will now decide whether to approve or reject [06:18.56]the anti-smoking measures offered by Mayor de Blasio. [06:23.48]I'm Bruce Alpert.

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France's two non-traditional presidential candidates offer voters a big choice: stay or leave the European Union.

法国两位非传统总统候选人为选民提供了一项重大抉择：留在欧盟还是退出欧盟。

Emmanuel Macron is a former economy minister and Marine Le Pen is the leader of the Nationalist Front party. The two will face each other in the May 7th election, after finishing first and second in the first round of voting on Sunday.

伊曼纽尔·马克龙(Emmanuel Macron)是前经济部长，而玛丽娜·勒庞(Marine Le Pen)是国民阵线的党魁。这两人在周日进行的首轮投票中分居前两位，他们将在5月7日的选举中正面对决。

Macron, 39, and Le Pen, 48, finished ahead of candidates from the leading French political parties, including the party of the current president.

39岁的马克龙和48岁的勒庞最终领先于来自法国主要政党的候选人，其中就包括现任总统所在的政党。

Le Pen wants French voters to follow Britain and vote for France's exit from the European Union. She also calls for major limits on immigration.

勒庞希望法国选民追随英国的脚步并投票支持法国退出欧盟。她还呼吁严格限制移民。

Macron wants France to remain in the European Union. He promises new spending on job training and building up roads, transportation and less-polluting energy.

马克龙希望法国留在欧盟。他承诺新投入资金用于就业培训、建设道路、交通以及低污染能源。

Establishment backing Macron

当权派支持马克龙

Macron ran as an independent and political outsider. But political leaders, both inside and outside France, quickly offered support for Macron.

马克龙作为独立人士和政治局外人参与竞选。但是法国境内外的政治领导人很快都为马克龙提供了支持。

Outgoing French President Francois Hollande said Le Pen would "deeply divide France" at a time when terrorism threats require "solidarity."

即将离任的法国总统奥朗德表示，在恐怖主义威胁要求法国人们团结的时刻，勒庞会“严重分裂法国。”

Macron was the top adviser on economic issues for Hollande. He ended that role to start his En Marche independent party. His party's name means, "In Motion" in French.

马克龙当过奥朗德总统的首席经济顾问。他结束了这一角色，并创建了En Marche独立党派，En Marche在法语中的意思是前进。

Francois Fillon of the conservative Republicans finished in third place in the weekend's voting. On Monday, Fillon urged his supporters to vote for Macron.

保守派共和党人弗朗索瓦·菲永(Francois Fillon)在周末的选举中最终位列第三。周一，菲永督促他的支持者投票给马克龙。

German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel joined officials from Spain and the European Union in supporting Macron on Monday.

德国外长加布里埃尔周一也加入西班牙和欧盟官员行列支持马克龙。

If Macron wins on May 7th, he would become France's youngest president.

如果马克龙在5月7日的选举中获胜，他将成为法国最年轻的总统。

Le Pen out campaigning

勒庞揭露竞选

Le Pen did not waste any time attacking her opponent.

勒庞没有浪费任何时间就开始攻击对手。

On Monday, she called Macron "weak" in the fight against Islamic terrorism. During an appearance at a farmers' market in northern France, she told reporters that Macron "has no program" to stop terrorism.

周一，她称马克龙在打击伊斯兰恐怖主义上“软弱”。她在法国北部的农贸市场现身时对记者表示，马克龙没有制止恐怖主义的方案。

Le Pen's supporters criticized Macron's job as an investment banker and his efforts under Hollande to deregulate the French economy.

勒庞的支持者批评了马克龙作为投资银行家的职业，以及他在奥朗德政府下解除法国经济管制的措施。

Florian Philippot is deputy leader of Le Pen's National Front. He said on BFM TV that Macron will not help French workers. "He sold off national companies. He criticized French culture," Philippot said.

弗洛里安·菲利波特(Florian Philippot)是勒庞的国民阵线的副手。他在BFM电视台上表示，马克龙不会帮法国工人。菲利波特说，“他卖掉了国营公司，他批评法国文化。”

Macron's early lead

马克龙的领先局面

Macron's establishment support and early lead in the polls appeared to please investors.

马克龙赢得当权派支持以及选举领先局面似乎取悦了投资者。

Stock markets across Europe saw big increases Monday and the Euro increased value against the American dollar. CAC 40, the French stock market index, increased 4.1 percent on Monday to close at its highest level since early 2008.

欧洲股市周一大涨，同时欧元对美元升值。法国股市的CAC 40指数周一上涨了4.1%，接近2008年初以来的最高水平。

But some experts say a Macron win is not guaranteed.

但是有些专家表示，马克龙并不一定会赢。

They noted that British voters surprised experts last year by approving withdrawal from the European Union, a move that has become known as "Brexit." And few political experts saw Donald Trump beating Hillary Clinton in last year's American presidential election.

他们指出，英国选民去年批准退欧，让专家们倍感惊讶。同时在去年美国总统大选中，也几乎没有政治专家认为川普会击败希拉里。

Christophe Guilluy is author of "The Twilight of Elite France." He said, "In France, Britain, the Netherlands, Austria and the U.S. the same people -- blue- and white-collar workers, intermediate occupations and farmers -- are joining the populist revolt. "The rift between the global market's winners and losers has replaced the old right-left split."

克里斯托夫·居依(Christophe Guilluy)是《法国精英的黄昏》一书的作者。他说，“在法国、英国、荷兰、奥地利以及美国，包括蓝领和白领、中性职业和农民在内的同样一批人都加入了民粹主义暴动。”“全球市场赢家和输家之间的分裂已经取代了旧时左派和右派的分裂。”

France’s two non-traditional presidential candidates offer voters a big choice: stay or leave the European Union.

Emmanuel Macron is a former economy minister and Marine Le Pen is the leader of the National Front party. The two will face each other in the May 7th election, after finishing first and second in the first round of voting on Sunday.

Macron, 39, and Le Pen, 48, finished ahead of candidates from the leading French political parties, including the party of the current president.

Le Pen wants French voters to follow Britain and vote for France’s exit from the European Union. She also calls for major limits on immigration.

Macron wants France to remain in the European Union. He promises new spending on job training and building up roads, transportation and less-polluting energy.

Establishment backing Macron

Macron ran as an independent and political outsider. But political leaders, both inside and outside France, quickly offered support for Macron.

Outgoing French President Francois Hollande said Le Pen would “deeply divide France” at a time when terrorism threats require “solidarity.”

Macron was the top adviser on economic issues for Hollande. He ended that role to start his En Marche independent party. His party’s name means, “In Motion" in French.

Francois Fillon of the conservative Republicans finished in third place in the weekend’s voting. On Monday, Fillon urged his supporters to vote for Macron.

German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel joined officials from Spain and the European Union in supporting Macron on Monday.

If Macron wins on May 7th, he would become France’s youngest president.

Le Pen out campaigning

Le Pen did not waste any time attacking her opponent.

On Monday, she called Macron “weak” in the fight against Islamic terrorism. During an appearance at a farmers’ market in northern France, she told reporters that Macron “has no program” to stop terrorism.

Le Pen’s supporters criticized Macron’s job as an investment banker and his efforts under Hollande to deregulate the French economy.

Florian Philippot is deputy leader of Le Pen’s National Front. He said on BFM TV that Macron will not help French workers. “He sold off national companies. He criticized French culture,” Philippot said.

Macron’s early lead

Macron’s establishment support and early lead in the polls appeared to please investors.

Stock markets across Europe saw big increases Monday and the Euro increased value against the American dollar. CAC 40, the French stock market index, increased 4.1 percent on Monday to close at its highest level since early 2008.

But some experts say a Macron win is not guaranteed.

They noted that British voters surprised experts last year by approving withdrawal from the European Union, a move that has become known as “Brexit.” And few political experts saw Donald Trump beating Hillary Clinton in last year’s American presidential election.

Christophe Guilluy is author of “The Twilight of Elite France.” He said, “In France, Britain, the Netherlands, Austria and the U.S. the same people -- blue- and white-collar workers, intermediate occupations and farmers -- are joining the populist revolt. “The rift between the global market’s winners and losers has replaced the old right-left split.”

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Words in This Story

exit - n. the act of going out or away from something

poll - n. an activity in which several or many people are asked a question or a series of questions in order to get information about what most people think about something

strategy - n. a plan or method for achieving a particular goal usually over a long period of time

solidarity - n. a feeling of unity between people who have the same interests, goals

motion - n. an act or process of moving

deregulate - v. remove regulations on an activity

white-collar - adj. having the kind of jobs that are done in an office instead of a factory or warehouse

intermediate occupations - phrase . other kinds of jobs

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