国家地理:阿尔卑斯山见证气候变化危机

It’s time for these men to get ready for work, and work means hanging off a cliff at 10,000 feet. High in the Austrian Alps, these men are trying to rescue a historic weather station from the weather itself.
“It was a couple of years ago, we saw this crack and this whole supporting structure is based on 5 pillars. This one lowered itself about 4 or 5 millimeters. This meant to us the mountain is moving.”
For more than a hundred years, Sonnblick Observatory has taken the Alps temperature.
“So the whole climate change which it could observe in the twentieth century was observed here. ”
And in the past few decades it’s measured a slow but steady increase. Lue Rasser has been watching the weather data at Sonnblick for more than 20 years.
“A lot of facts show the climate is changing dramatically and it is a tragic change. A good example is average temperature. It’s moved up by more than 1 degree centigrade.”
And from here Lue can watch it all in real time. “This is the meteor data system and you can read all the weather measurements right here. For example we can show precipitation, snow levels on glaciers, wind temperature, global and sky radiation and a whole lot more.”
But now the warmer weather is melting glaciers and hitting meteorologists right where they live. Sonnblick’s peak used to be held together by mountain permafrost, but with rising temperatures the permafrost was melting and the rock under the station was crumbling away.
“When I started here in 1980 precipitation was snow or sleet, but for the last 15 years the temperature is so high that at least for a month each year we only have rain.”
“And this rain caused freezing and refreezing and melting within the cracks and this of course splits up the cracks, you know.”
So the workers drilled holes deep into the mountain top, searching for rock that wasn’t cracked. They built a web of steel and concrete to hold the mountain together, and maybe, just maybe, keep the station standing.
Up here the weather can change in an instant and that’s why Sonnblick really does tower above most other observatories because it’s seen it all.
It is the oldest mountain observatory in 3000 meters in the whole world, and it collected data since 1886.
And the data show the warmer weather is giving no signs of slowing down, not just at Sonnblick but all through the Alps. Even mighty mountains are no match for a little rising thermometer. So for now, for the people at Sonnblick, fighting the effects of climate change is an uphill battle.
参考中文翻译：
这些人工作的时间到了，工作意味着悬挂在10，000英尺高的悬崖上。在奥地利境内高高的阿尔卑斯山上，这些人试图拯救一个历史性的气象站免于天气破坏。
“大约两年前，我们看到了这个裂缝，整个支持结构由5根柱子支撑。而这一根下降了四五毫米。这说明山体移动了。”
100多年来，Sonnblick气象台一直记录阿尔卑斯山的气温。
“所以20世纪所有能够观察到的气候变化都是在这里观测到的。”
在过去的几十年里，气温缓慢但是稳步上升。Lue Rasser在Sonnblick观测气象数据已经有20多年的历史。
“多项事实表明，气候确实在急剧变化，而且是灾难性的变化。其中一个例子就是平均气温上升了1摄氏度以上。”
在这里Lue可以进行实时观测。“这是流星数据系统，你可以在这里读取到所有的测量结果。例如，我们可以进行预测，冰川雪线，风温，全球和前空辐射，所有的预测都可以进行。”
但是现在气候变暖，冰川融化，直接威胁到气象学家居住的地方。 由于永久冰冻，Sonnblick顶峰一向是聚集成一个整体，但是由于气温升高，永久冰冻融化，气象站的岩石逐渐分裂。
“从1980年我到这里开始，预报结果一般是降雪或者冰雹，但是从15年前开始，由于气温升高，每年至少有一个月能够预测到降雨。”
“雨水引起裂缝中产生冰冻，重复冰冻和融化，你知道，这样会加大裂缝。”
所以工人们们在山顶向山体钻孔，希望寻找到没有开裂的岩石。他们建造了一个钢筋混凝土网络，希望重新把山体连接在一起，或许，只是有可能，保持气象站稳定。
“在这里气候瞬息万变，这就是Sonnblick气象站能够比其他观测站观测更好的原因。”
这是全世界最古老的高山气象站，位于海拔3000米的高山上，从1886年开始收集数据。
数据表明，气候变暖没有任何变缓的迹象，并不只是在Sonnblick，而是整个阿尔卑斯山。即使是强有力的高山也承受不了一点点升温。所以，现在，对Sonnblick的人们来说，抵抗气候变暖的影响的战争悦来越艰巨。