VOA一分钟英语：Lend 和 borrow “借出” 还是 “借入”？

动词 “lend” 和 “borrow” 都有 “借” 的意思，但一个是 “借出”，一个是 “借入”。你能分清这对近义词之间的区别吗？怎样用英语表达从一个人那里 “借来” 一件事物？怎样表达把某物 “借给” 一个人？
 
I’m Georgina from BBC Learning English. Have you ever thought about the difference between lend and borrow? They are both verbs but they are used in different ways.
Lend means to give something to someone, generally for a short time.
For example: The bank lent me some money.
If you want to say who you lent something to, you can use the preposition ‘to’.
I lent my mobile phone to James.
Oh, no. I forgot my pen. Can you lend me a pen?
Borrow means to ask someone for something.
Oh, no. I can’t read this. Can I borrow your glasses?
If you want to say who you borrowed something from, you can use the preposition ‘from’.
For example:I borrowed a book from the library.
Oh, I’m late! I need to borrow a laptop from Sam for my meeting – got to go!
 
用法总结
1 动词 “lend” 用来描述 “一个人把某样东西借给另一个人” 的动作，意思是 “借出，借给”。我们可以用搭配 “lend something to someone” 或 “lend someone something” 来说明 “借给某人”。
The bank lent me some money.
I lent my mobile phone to James.
Oh, no. I forgot my pen. Can you lend me a pen?
 
2 动词 “borrow” 用来描述 “一个人向他人请求借入某样东西” 的动作，意思是 “借入，借来”。我们可以用搭配 “borrow something from someone” 来说明 “从某人处借来”。
Oh, no. I can’t read this. Can I borrow your glasses?
I borrowed a book from the library.
I need to borrow a laptop from Sam for my meeting.
 
3 可以这样记忆：句子里出现 “lend”，主语是借出、提供物品的人；句子里出现 “borrow”，主语是借入、使用物品的人。
She lent me her bike. = I borrowed her bike.  (The bike is hers)
I lent him my book. = He borrowed my book.  (The book is mine)