VOA一分钟英语：While 和 during 的用法

单词 “while” 和 “during” 都可以用来表示一件耗时短的事件发生在一段较长的事件中，意思为 “在……的时候，在……期间”。虽然两者意思相同，但它们的词性及用法却不同。
 
文字稿
Hi! This is Kee from BBC Learning English. And today, I'm going to tell you the differences between while and during. 
We can use while and during to say that a shorter event happened within a longer event. They mean the same, but the grammar's different.

After while, we have a clause. A clause is a group of words containing a subject and a verb. So we can say: While I was having lunch, my phone rang. Remember that the verb in the while clause is usually in an ING form.
We can also use while with just an ING form. So we can say: While having lunch, my phone rang. So we remove the subject and the 'be' verb.
However, during is different because it can only be used with a noun phrase. So, we can say: During lunch, my phone rang. We cannot use a clause or just the ING form.
 
用法总结
While and during can mean the same thing, but their grammar is different. This is because while is a conjunction, but during is a preposition.
“While” 和 “during” 的意思相同，但它们的用法却不同。这是因为 “while” 是一个连词，而 “during” 是一个介词。
 
1 While
After while we use a clause. A clause is a group of words that contain a subject and a verb - for example: She ate. Remember, the verb that follows while is usually an ING verb. 
连词 “while” 引导从句。从句是由主语和谓语等多个词语组成的结构。比如：She ate. 她吃过了。记住：“while” 引导的句子中的谓语动词多为 -ing 形式。
While I was having lunch, my phone rang.
While we were walking, we saw a bus.
While they were eating dinner, they talked about the news.
It is also possible to use while with just an ING verb.
连词 “while” 后也可以直接跟现在分词。
While having lunch, my phone rang.
While walking, we saw a bus.
While eating dinner, they talked about the news.
 
2 During
During must be followed by a noun phrase.
介词 “during” 后只能跟名词或名词短语。
During lunch, my phone rang. 
During our walk, we saw a bus.
During dinner, they talked about the news.