名人轶事68:Arthur Ashe: Tennis Champion and Civil Rights Activist
Chakarian
(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
I’m Barbara Klein.
VOICE TWO:
Arthur Ashe
And I’m Steve Ember with People in America, in VOA Special English. Today we
tell about the life of tennis champion Arthur Ashe.
He was an athlete and a social activist who died before he was fifty. He was
honored for his bravery and honesty as well as his strong support of just
causes.
(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
In nineteen seventy-five, Arthur Ashe played against Ilie Nastase in the
Masters tennis games in Stockholm, Sweden. Nastase was out of control. He
delayed the game. He called Ashe bad names.
Finally, Arthur Ashe put down his tennis racket and walked off the tennis
court. He said, "I've had enough. I'm at the point where I'm afraid I'll lose
control. " The officials were shocked; Ashe was winning the game. One official
told him he would lose if he walked out of the game. Ashe said, "I don't care.
I'd rather lose that than my self-respect. "
The next day, the Masters committee met. They knew that if they gave the game
to Nastase, they would be supporting his kind of actions. They felt it was how
you played the game that really counted. So, the officials decided it was
Nastase who must lose the game.
(MUSIC)
VOICE TWO:
Arthur Ashe was born in nineteen forty-three in the southern city of Richmond,
Virginia. His parents were Mattie Cunningham Ashe and Arthur Ashe, Senior.
In those days, black people and white people lived separately in the South. By
law, African-Americans could not attend the same schools or the same churches
as white people.
Arthur learned to live with racial separation. He attended an all-black
school. He played in the areas kept separate for blacks. And when he traveled
to his grandmother's house, he sat in the back of the bus behind a white line.
Only white people could sit in the front part of the bus.
Tennis was a sport traditionally played by white people. Arthur's experience
was different from most other tennis players. He grew up under poorer
conditions. His father worked several jobs at the same time. And his mother
died when he was six.
VOICE ONE:
Mister Ashe taught his son the importance of leading an honorable life. He
said a person does not get anywhere in life by making enemies. He explained
that a person gains by helping others. Arthur Ashe, Senior taught his son the
importance of his friends, his family and his history. He said that without
his good name, he would be nothing.
By example, Arthur's father taught the importance of hard work. His job was to
drive people where they wanted to go. And he did other kinds of jobs for
several wealthy families.
VOICE TWO:
When Arthur was four, his father was given responsibility for a public play
area called Brook Field. It was the largest play area for black people in the
city of Richmond. Mister Ashe continued to work at his other jobs as well. The
family moved into a five-room house in the middle of the park.
Arthur could use the swimming pool, basketball courts, baseball fields and
tennis courts in the park. He liked sports. He was not very big, but he was
fast.
Arthur began playing tennis when he was seven years old. He was very small.
The racket he used to hit the tennis ball seemed bigger than he was. But by
the time he was thirteen years old, he was winning against players two times
his size and age.
Arthur had great energy and sense of purpose. He would hit five hundred tennis
balls each summer day early in the morning. He would stop to eat his morning
meal. Then he would hit five hundred more tennis balls.
VOICE ONE:
When Arthur was ten years old, he met Robert Walter Johnson. Doctor Johnson
established a tennis camp for black children who were not permitted to play on
tennis courts for whites.
Doctor Johnson helped Arthur learn to be calm while playing tennis. He taught
him to use restraint. He said that anger at an opponent was a waste of energy.
By nineteen sixty, Arthur had won the National Junior Indoor Championship.
And, the University of California at Los Angeles offered him a college
education if he played for the UCLA tennis team. In nineteen sixty-five,
Arthur Ashe led the team to the National Collegiate Athletic Association
championship. He completed his education the next year with a degree in
business administration.
VOICE TWO:
Arthur Ashe then became a professional tennis player. In nineteen sixty-eight,
he won the United States Open. It was the first time an African-American man
had won one of the four major competitions in tennis.
