新概念英语第二册详解第17课：Always Young
Word study
Appear ：1. 出现
The sun appeared on the horizon.
太阳从地平线上升起来了。
2. 看来;似乎
She appears very tired.
她显得很疲劳。
They appear to have misunderstood me.
他们似乎误解了我。
3. 公开露面;出版，发表
His article appeared in China Daily yesterday.
他的文章昨天发表于“中国日报”上。
4.可以发现;有
His photo appears in many magazines.
他的照片刊登在许多杂志上。
5. lt appears to me that... 据我看来, 我觉得
6. appearance 外貌，外观
disappear 消失
bright
1.闪光的;明亮的;发光的
The sun was very bright.
太阳很明亮。
2.鲜艳的
bright red 鲜红色
3.生气勃勃的;愉快的
bright eyes
流露喜悦的眼神
The garden is bright with flowers.
鲜花满园。
4.聪明的;伶俐的
a bright child
聪明的孩子
5. 乐观的;前途光明的
a bright future 光明前途
He has a bright future as a writer.
作为一个作家,他前途光明。
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1.She must be at least thirty-five years old.
她至少也有35岁了。
(1)at least 是一固定短语，表示“至少”：
He borrowed at least five books from the library.
他从图书馆至少借了5本书。
If you can't clean the car, you can at least help me to clean it.
如果你不能擦车，你至少可以帮我擦。
(2)我们已学过两种年龄表示法。
一种是“数字+years old”，作表语：
My father is fifty-seven years old now.
我父亲现在已57岁了。
另一种是“数字+ -year-old”，作定语：
Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited to a children's party.
上周，我4岁的女儿萨莉应邀去参加一个儿童晚会。
2.In spite of this…尽管如此……
(1)in spite of为固定短语，意为“不管”、“尽管”，后面可以跟名词、代词或从句：
In spite of the rain, they went on their journey.
尽管下雨，他们还是继续旅行。
In spite of what you have said about her, she is much better than Mary.
不管你说她什么，她比玛丽要好得多。
(2)this 代指上句话，即“她至少也有35岁”这个事实。
3.This time, she will be a girl of seventeen.
这一次，她将扮演一个17岁的少女。
be在这里是“扮演”的意思：
Tonight, Karen Marsh is Helen.
今晚卡伦·马什扮演海伦。
4.In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.
演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。
(1)in在这句话中表示“穿着”、“戴着”：
The girl in red over there is my neighbour.
那边那个穿红衣服的女孩是我的邻居。
John was in a black dress this morning.
约翰今天上午穿的是件黑衣服。
(2)dress 一般指连衣裙、套裙，也可以指外穿的衣服或特定场合穿的礼服：
Everyone is in evening dress tonight.
今晚大家都穿了晚礼服。
5.Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!
亲爱的，长成大人真可怕啊!
(1)it 为先行词，代替 to be grown up，这个不定式是句子真正的主语。再如：
It is a pleasant thing to have many friends.
有许多朋友是件令人愉悦的事。
(2)这句话的言外之意是她还没有长成大人，还是个小姑娘，因为她用的是表示推测的 must。
语法 Grammar in use
情态助动词 must
(1) must 一般译为“必须”，可以表示“必要”、“命令或强制”、“邀请”、“决心”、“不可推卸的责任”等多种含义。
它没有时态和人称变化，通常只用于现在时和将来时。
在其他时态中，must的有些含义可以由have to或have got to来补足。这3种形式一般可以互换，但彼此是有差别的。
用于第一人称时，have to和have got to强调客观的要求或外在的原因，must则强调主观的要求或表示说话的人认为自己有权做某事：
I have to look after the baby.
我得照管这孩子。(因为客观原因)
I must see the boss.
我必须见老板。(主观要求)
They must leave (tomorrow).
他们(明天)必须出发。
They had to leave.
他们(当时)不得不出发。(过去时中用 have to 代替)
They have had to leave.
他们(当时)不得不出发。
(2)have to和 have got to往往可以互换：
I have to/have got to leave home every morning at 7:30.
我每天早上7点半就得离开家。
但是，与always, sometimes 等频度副词连用时，用have to往往比用have got to好：
I often have to get up at 5. Do you ever have to get up at 5?
我经常5点就得起床。你有时候也得5点起床吗?
have got to比have to听上去要更加口语化一些：
I have got to spend five days on this task.
我得在这件事上花上五天。
(3)在表达“难道你不能不(做……)”的含义时，一般用“Must you…?”句型而不用“Do you have to…?”或“Have you got to…?”句型：
Must you say so?
难道不能不这么说吗?(你一定要这么说吗?)
(4)must还可以用来表示推测：
He must be at home now.
他现在肯定在家。
He must be mad to drive anywhere today!
他今天居然开车出去，真是疯了!
TEXT
1. 名词+名词+ed 构成的形容词
orange-colored 橙色的 honey-mouthed 甜言蜜语的
apple-shaped 苹果形状的 hook-nosed 鹰钩鼻的
chicken-hearted 胆小的 bull-necked 脖子短粗的
2. in spite of 虽然，尽管……仍然
I went out in spite of the snow.
尽管下雪，我还是出去了。
The firemen went on with their work in spite of the danger.
尽管危险，消防队员还是继续救火。
3. 宾语从句中要用陈述句的句子顺序：关系词后面句子成分的顺序是先主语，后谓语。
注意观察下列句子中后面部分
主语和谓语顺序的区别,前面的句子是错误的.
Children always ask how were they born. (错句)
Children always ask how they were born.
孩子们常问，他们是怎么生出来的。
She doesn’t know how old is she. (错句)
She doesn’t know how old she is..
她不知道，她多大了。
4. take part in 参加
play a part /role in 在……中扮演角色或起……作用
1) The young should take active part in volunteer work.
年轻人应该积极参加志愿者活动。
2) Study plays an important part in one’s life.
学习在一个人的生活中起很重要的作用。
3) He has a miner role to play in the film.
他要在电影里扮演一个小角色。
注意： 参考第一课中pay attention to 的讲解。
上面例句3)里对短语进行了改装，本来是动词
短语改成了名词短语a role to play. 很多类似短语
都可以有类似的变化，比如：You should pay more attention to your work.
= More attention should be paid to your work.
核心句型：must 表示推测的用法，理解为“一定，肯定……”
1.must +be
You must be tired after a whole day’s work.
工作了一整天，你一定累了。
He must be the wanted man: he’s exactly like his picture.
他一定是那个通缉犯：他和照片上一模一样。
2.must +have done
We must have read the same report.
我们一定是看了同一份报告。
She must have received the parcel: I sent it by registered post.
她一定已经收到包裹了，我是用挂号寄的。
