新概念英语第二册详解第37课:The Olympic Games
The Olympic Games
奥林匹克运动会
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
When was the last time this country hosted the Olympic Games?
The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的
hold v. 召开
government n. 政府
immense adj. 巨大的
stadium n. 露天体育场
standard n. 标准
capital n. 首都
fantastic adj. 巨大的
design v. 设计
参考译文
4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。由于将有大批的人到我们国家来，所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线。奥运会就在首都市郊举办，整个地区将被称作“奥林匹克城”。工人们将在今年年底前把新路铺好;到明年年底，他们将把新体育场建成。这些巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特.冈特设计的。大家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成。我们都非常激动，盼望着奥运会的到来，因为在这个国家里还从未举办过奥运会。
自学导读
1.The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years'time. 4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。
(1)作为专有名词的一部分时 games 的第一个字母要大写。
(2)
这句话的语态是被动语态用于一般将来时(will be held)。
(3)in four years' time，4年之后。 in的这种用法在第9课的语法中已经讲过，它通常与将来时连用表示“……时间之后”：
I'll be back in ten minutes or half an hour.
我10分钟或半个小时以后回来。
名词的所有格用于表示时间在第13课的语法中已经提到过：
He will arrive in three hours' time.
他3小时以后到达。
2.As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. 由于将有大批的人到我们国家来，
所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。
(1)连词as用于表示原因时通常位于句首，这是因为它所表明的原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的，因此没有必要再予以强调。
连词 because任何时候都可以代替as来说明一种或几种原因，但是as则不一定总能代替 because：
As you can't type the letter yourself, you'll have to ask Susan to do it for you.
既然你自己不能用打字机打这封信，那你就请苏珊替你打吧。
because 一般跟在主句后面，强调讲话对象可能不知道的原因：
Jim's trying to save more money because he wants to buy a car.
吉姆正设法多攒些钱，因为他想买辆车。
(2)building 后面的成分为它的3个并列宾语，每个宾语前面的冠词都不可省略。
(3)Olympic-standard 是个“形容词+名词”形式的复合形容词，作定语。虽然字典中通常不把它作为一个词条，但它的含义是
一目了然的。
第32课中出现的 well-dressed 也是个复合形容词，
其构成为“副词+过去分词”，它已被大家接受，作为固定的词条出现于一般字典中。
3.a special railway line，一条铁路专线。
special 在此处表示“专门的”、“特设的”。line 既可以笼统地指两地间的“铁路线路”，
又可以具体地指包括路基、枕木等的“铁路轨线”。
4.by the end of this year，在今年年底前。
by表示“在某时之前”、“
并不晚于某时的任何时间”。它不能与表示一段时间的名词连用，只能与表示时间点的名词或词组连用，用于肯定句与用于否定句时有一定区别：
5.Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up.大家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成。
(1)watch 在此处表示“关注”而不是真的盯着看。
(2)as在这里为连词，相当于while，表示“当”、“正值”，它引导的从句虽然表示将来的动作，但要用一般现在时。
(3)go up 为短语动词，其含义之一为“(建筑物)被兴建起来”：
Many new houses are going up in this district.
这个地区正兴建许多新房子。
语法 Grammar in use
一般将来完成时(The future perfect simple tense)
(1)在第12课和第13课的语法中，我们学习了一般将来时和将来进行时。
一般将来时除了可以用来预言将来发生的事以外，还可以表示“意愿”，如允诺、建议、请求、提议等：
The radio hasn't been mended yet.
收音机还没有修好。
Never mind! I'll mend it for you.
别担心!我会给你修的。(允诺)
Will you open the door for me please!
请你帮我开一下门好吗?(请求)
Shall we go for a swim tomorrow?
我们明天去游泳好吗?(建议)
将来进行时除了表示最近或不久的将来正在进行的动作外，
还可以表示计划或安排好的事：
A great many people will be visiting the country.
许多人将到我们国家来。(将来正在进行的动作)
The government will be building new roads.
政府准备修筑一些新的道路。(计划好的事)
(2)将来完成时用于表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作：
将来完成时由will have+ 过去分词构成。它常与by和not…till/ until+ 表示时间的名词连用：
I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.
我希望到明天你就会改变主意了。
词汇学习 Word study
1.hold vt.
(1)拿着，抓住，抱住：
Please hold the baby while I take off my coat.
我脱外衣的时候请帮我抱一下孩子。
Why are you holding my bag?
你为什么抓住我的包?
(2)容纳，装得下，包含：
This cup can't hold much water.
这杯子装不了多少水。
The stadium can hold 20,000 people.
这个体育场能容纳两万人。
(3)举行(会议、会谈等);庆祝(节日)：
The Olympic Games will be held just outside the capital.
奥运会就在首都市郊举办。
When are we going to hold the next meeting?
我们什么时候举行下次会议?
2.look的一些固定短语
(1)look forward to常用于表示高兴地
“盼望”、“期待”，to为介词，因此后面只能跟名词、代词和动名词，不能接动词原形：
We are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.
我们盼望着奥运会的到来，因为这个国家还从未举办过奥运会。
I look forward to seeing you during the weekend.
我盼望着周末见到你。
(2)look out 除表示“朝外看”以外，
还可以表示“注意”、“留神”，尤其在祈使句中：
You should always look out when you walk across a road.
你过马路时要留神。
Look out! There's something in the middle of the road.
小心!马路中间有东西。
(3)look up 的含义之一为“(在字典、参考书等中)查找”：
He looked up the word in several dictionaries.
他在几本字典中查了这个单词。
它还可以表示“看望”、“拜访”某个人，一般用于口语中：
I'm going to look up Mary this afternoon.
我打算今天下午去看望玛丽。
3.design
(1)vt.，vi.设计图样：
These modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter.
这些现代化建筑是由库尔特·冈特设计的。
George has designed a new bridge.
乔治设计了一座新桥。
(2)vt.，vi.打算(做……)，计划：
He designed to enter for the competition.
他打算报名参加竞赛。
This book is designed for foreign tourists.
这本书是为外国游客设计的。
(3)n.图样，图纸;设计：
Here is the design of the new house.
这是这座新房子的图纸。
Susan has just drawn a design for a new dress.
苏珊刚画了一个新的衣服样式。
练习答案 Key to written exercises
1.关键句型练习答案
A What will happen: will be held(1.1); will be held(1.5);will be called(1.6)
What will be happening: will be visiting (1.2); will be building(1.3); will also be building (1.4); will be watching (1.9)
What will have happened: will have completed(1.7); will have finished (1.8)
2.难点练习答案
1 holding… looking forward to 2 look out 3 look… up
4 is holding 5 look… up 6 held… looking forward to
3.多项选择题答案
1c 2b 3b 4b 5b 6d
7 a 8 c 9 d 10 b 11b 12 a
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的
Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会，简称 the Games
★hold v. 召开
hold,held,held
have a meeting 召开会议
hold a meeting 召开会议
hold a party 召开宴会
被动：The meeting will be held.
The Olympic Games will be held in China in 2008
★government n. 政府
★immense adj. 巨大的
big,large 大的
huge 巨大
great 大的，伟大的
immense/i'mens/ 极大的，无边的
immense ocean
great man 伟人;big man 大人物; large man 大块头
huge (体积)巨大，庞大
★stadium n. 露天体育场
playground 操场
sports field 运动场 sports：各种各样的运动
gymnasium：体育;gym 体育馆
★standard n. 标准
high standard 高标准
Olympic standard 运动会中的最高标准
★capital n. 首都
capital 大写的
★fantastic adj. 巨大的，宏伟
★design v. 设计
designer n. 设计师
well-designed 设计不错
【课文讲解】
4 years later 四年后
The Olympic Games will be held in our country...
as/because 引导原因
a large number of peope/a great many people 大部分的人
be visiting the country
be building 建设
an immense stadium 一个大型体育场
a new Olympic-standard swimming pool 一个高标准的游泳池
be building 修建
special railway-line 专线铁路
outside the capital 市郊
Olympic City 奥林匹克城
by the end of this year 到今年年底前
by 完成时的标志，表示到……为止
现在完成式：到现在某一点时间为止
过去完成式：到过去某一点时间为止
将来完成式：到将来某一点时间为止，某个动词已经发生
will have done
by the end of next year 到明年年底前
By the end of next year ,they will have finished/completed the work on the new stadium.
work on....……的工程
modern buildings 现代化建筑
fantastic 巨大的
...have been designed by....
Everybody will be watching anxiously ...人们都将密切注视……
as the new buildings go up
as 随着，引导从句，状语从句不用将来时态
be built 强调建造
go up 拔地而起
be excited 激动的
look forward to + n./doing 期待(很高兴的)
because 因为
because they have never been held before in this country.
before 在此之前
He will be watching anxiously as... :密切注意
将来完成时 will have done(till,until)
4......
by the end of next year
by：到。。。为止，在。。。之前
7......
because：强调后面的是原因
because of：(介词短语)
why……不能直接做连词
due to：(介词短语)由于
His success is due to his hard work.
12......
look forward to：期待(高兴)
expect：期待
be pleased：感到高兴的，令人满意地
be pleased to do sth：乐于做某事
5.....b
完成的概念
be complete
complete：(adj)完全的; (v.)完成
are now completed
are complete
【Special difficulties】
a.Hold(会议，宴会)
b.Look
look forward to+名词/动词的-ing
look out：当心
look up：查阅;拜访
look up words in the dictionary
look up sth. in the book
look sb. up
1....holding....looking forward to...
be+动词-ing
2....look(him)up...
knock over：撞到
“Who's Who”:《名人大全》
4....held...
debate on：辩论
三步：1.dialogue
2.discussion
3.debate
capital:首都;大写
capital punishment：极刑
5......look(her)up...
look up：拜访，看
6....held...looking forward to...
hold an exam：举行考试
take the exam：接受考试
【Composition】
1.Both my bother and I are going to the Olympic Games.
2.We bought tickets a long time ago and (we) shall be leaving soon.
3.We shall not only see the games but visit many parts of the country as well.
