新概念英语第二册逐句精讲语言点 第45课(1)

45课 A clear conscience

The whole village soon learnt that a large sumof money had been lost. Sam Benton, the localbutcher, had lost his wallet while taking hissavings to the post office. Sam was sure thatthe wallet must have been found by one of thevillagers, but it was not returned to him. Threemonths passed, and then one morning, Sam foundhis wallet outside his front door. It had beenwrapped up in newspaper and it contained half themoney he had lost, together with a note which said:'A thief, yes, but only 50 percent a thief!' Two months later, some more money was sent toSam with another note: 'Only 25percent a thief now!' In time, all Sam's money was paid back inthis way. The last note said: 'I am 100percent honest now!'

语法归纳：被动语态

一句话总结：请参考Lesson 10和Lesson 21的语法分析及总结。

精讲笔记：

1. The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.

整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。

语言点1 the whole village指“全村的人”，后常接动词单数。常用表达还有：

the whole world全世界

the whole country全国

the whole society全社会

the whole class全班

语言点2 had been lost是过去完成时的被动语态。

2. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to thepost office.

当地的屠夫萨姆·本在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包弄去了。

语言点1 the local butcher 为 Sam Benton 的同位语。

语言点2 while taking是一个省略形式(时间状语从句变成分词作状语)

这种情况必须具备两个条件：

这个动作的主语跟主句的主语一致;

这个动作一定是正在进行。

原句完整的形式应该是：Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while he was takinghis savings to the post office.

3. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but itwas not returned to him.

萨姆确信那钱一定是被某个村民捡到了，可是却不见有人来送还给他。

语言点 must have done表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测;must have been done则是对过去肯定推测的被动语态。