CNN News:耶鲁大学对三到六月大婴儿展开辨别能力研究调查，调查结果令人吃惊

If you`ve spent any time around babies, so we are talking children three to six months in age, you know they can express themselves. Smiling when happy, crying when - well, whenever. But do they know right from wrong? Good from bad? Do babies have a sense of morality? A scientist at Yale University says psychologists have long felt that babies knew nothing in that area. One study is changing that, but there is a caveat.

如果你和孩子相处过的话就知道我们会和3个月到6个月大的小宝贝们交流，那个阶段的孩子已经知道表达自己的情感，高兴就笑不顺心就撒泼耍滑砸东西，哭闹不停。但是他们能分辨对错吗?知道好坏吗?婴儿有道德感吗?耶鲁大学一位科学家说心理学家一直认为孩子在婴儿时期不能做到以上提到的这些行为，但是现在有一项研究正在改变这一结论，但是这项研究有一个令人惊讶的结果。

These babies at Yale University`s Infant Cognition Center are here to watch a puppet show. A show designed to illustrate examples of good and bad behavior. Watch as this puppet struggles to open a box. A green bunny comes along and helps to open the box. Green bunny is nice and helpful. Then, an orange bunny comes along and slams the box shut. The orange bunny is mean and unhelpful. But what does this mean to six-months old and three months old babies? After repeated shows, they are presented with two puppets. The nice green bunny and the mean orange bunny. Which one will they choose?

在耶鲁大学婴儿认知中心的这些婴儿需要观看一场木偶表演。这个木偶表演展示的是好的行为和不好的行为。看着这个木偶挣扎着打开一个箱子，一只绿色的兔子恰好过来帮助它一起打开箱子，这只绿色的兔子又漂亮又友善。然后一直橙色的兔子也过来了但是把箱子关上了，这只橙色的兔子又小气又不友善。但这对于三到六个月大的婴儿来讲意味着什么呢?经过反复观看表演他们被要求选择其中一直兔子，是选善良友好的绿兔子呢还是选小气烦人的橙色兔子呢?

Over 80 percent of babies like the nice puppet. So we see babies recognizing good and bad characters. But do they then try to avoid the bad guy? The good bunny has one graham cracker, the bad bunny has two. Which one will the babies choose? Over 80 percent of babies will take one cracker from the nice guy avoiding the mean guy, even though he has one more cracker.

实践证明有超过80%的婴儿会选择行为善良的那只木偶，所以我们可以看到婴儿在那个时期是有好坏意识的。但是他们会拒绝选择那只坏木偶么?好的木偶只有一个全麦饼干，但是坏的却有两个。他们又将会做怎样选择呢?实践证明超过80%的孩子依然会选择好木偶，尽管它只有一块全麦饼干。

But if the mean guy has eight crackers, and the nice guy just one cracker? Now, which one will the baby choose? 65 percent of babies will take the crackers from the mean guy. According to the study, more crackers means more willingness to overlook dealing with the bad guy.

但是如果坏木偶有八块饼干而好木偶只有一块呢?孩子们怎样选择呢?65%的孩子会选择坏木偶从而得到更多饼干。研究表明，诱惑更多走入歧途的可能性更大。