第二十一章 独立成分 独立成分的类型

　　1. 感叹词(Interjection ) ― 常表示说话人当时的情绪，如惊奇、恐惧、’懊恼，高兴等，也可用来打招呼：

　　1. Ah!please don t ask me any more ，啊，求你不要再问我了。(痛苦)

　　2. Ah!So you are back now .啊，你回来了。(高兴)

　　3. Well, here we are at last !好了，我们到底到了!(快乐)

　　4. God! Why should you be 50 stubborn !天啦，你怎么这样固执!(不耐)

　　5. My goodness ! How could you work so fast !

　　我的天!你怎么千得这么快!(惊奇)

　　6. Hello! How are you ?

　　嘿，你好?(打招呼)

　　2 .呼语(Direct Address ) ― 是对听话人的直接称呼：

　　1. Come in and take a seat ，Mr Black.

　　布莱克先生，进来请坐。

　　2. Be quiet ，children .

　　孩子们，安静点。

　　3. Somebod go and retch a pail of water .

　　谁去打一桶水来。

　　4. Xiao yang, what do you have on your mind ?

　　小扬，你有什么心思?

　　5.Henry，how are you at languages ?

　　亨利，你学语言的情况如何?

　　3 .插入语(Parenthesis ) ― 插在句末或句子中间的成分：

　　1. What is it, you think?

　　你认为这是什么呢?

　　2. This, I think, is the only way out of the difficulty.

　　这个我想是摆脱困难的唯一办法。

　　3. What on earth is wrong with you, Jessica?杰希嘉，你怎么回事?

　　它们一般都用逗号和句子的其他部分隔开。

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　　练习及答案：在下面感叹词下面划线

　　1. Oh ! It's too late already !

　　2. Oh ! I have never heard of such things before!

　　3. Well, what shall we do next ?

　　4. Dear me, I didn't know you were so sharp tongued.

　　5. O Lord ! Cabbage grow that big ?

　　6. Heavens, I must be pregnant.

　　7. My goodness, it shot today !

　　8. Goodness me! What a dirty dress!

　　9. Oh, goodness, what's happened ?

　　10. Lord, what's wrong with her ?

　　11. How should we answer this question ?Why, that's simple

　　12. His mother, alas, isn't out of danger yet.

　　13. Aha, sp that's where she hides her money.

　　14. Hey, come and look at this !

　　15. Oh, hi, Olivia. Come on in ?

　　16. Ouch ! That hurt !

　　17. We've done it ! Hurray !

　　答案：1. oh 2. ah 3. well 4. Dear me 5. O Lord 6. Heavens 7. my goodness 8. Goodness me 9. Oh, goodness l0. Lord 11. Why 12 Alas 13. aha 14. Hey 15. Oh, hi 16. Ouch 17. harray