百科知识视频之煎蛋小学堂63 无处不巧合

(speaking backwards) Hi,Vsauce.Michael here.You can practice speaking backwards,so when your words are reversed they're intelligible.But here's something else that is weird.The digits in the speed of light are exactly the same as the latitude of the great pyramid of Giza.And,as the anagram genius has revealed,all the world's a stage,but if you rearrange the letters in the meaning of life it becomes the engine of a film.Or more pessimistically,the fine game of nil.

反向发声，嘿 这里是Vsauce 我是Micheal 你可以练练倒着说话，当你的话反着播放时，它们就清晰可辨了，还有一些奇怪的事情，光速当中的数字和金字塔的维度完全一样，就像Anagram Genius 网站所说，全世界是一个舞台，如果你将“生命意义”的字母重新排列，就变成了“电影的引擎”。或者更加悲观“虚无的游戏”。

What does all this mean?Are these just coincidences or are greater powers at work? Why is it so easy for us to find hidden messages? Why can a mere coincidence give us chills? And why is it so fun? When you reverse Neil Armstrong saying,"Small step for man,"you can hear what sounds like "man will spacewalk".(armstrong)That's one small step for man.Man will spacewalk. One small step for man,Man will spacewalk.One small step for man,Man will spacewalk.

这都是什么意思呢?是巧合 强大的力量的影响呢?我们为什么会轻易找到隐藏的信息?纯粹的契合为何会让我们不寒而栗?这为啥会这么好玩?当你倒放阿姆斯特朗的“这是个人的一小步”，听起来就像是“人类会太空漫步”。这是人类的一小步 人类会太空漫步。

Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated president John F.Kennedy,and in this interview,he defends the Fair Play for Cuba Committee,of which he was a member.The fact that I did live for a time in the Soviet Union gives me excellent qualifications to repudiate charges,that Cuba and the Fair Play for Cuba Committee is communist controlled.Now listen to what it sounds like when we reverse him saying,"...and the Fair Play for Cuba".and the Fair Play for Cuba-I wish to kill president.I wish to kill president.I wish to kill president.

李.哈维.奥斯瓦尔德暗杀了肯尼迪总统，在这篇采访中 他为“古巴公平游戏规则委员会”辩护，他自己也是其中一员。我确实在苏联呆过一段时间，这段经历让我更有资格来否认这样的指控，古巴和公平对待古巴委员会 并非为共产党所控制。现在我们来听听他的话反过来放是怎样的，和公平对待古巴。和公平对待古巴 我想杀死总统。我想杀死总统。

Is that a coincidence or a subconscious confession hidden within his own words? It's a coincidence.For crying out land,if anybody says,"...and the Fair Play for Cuba",and then reverses it,it sounds the same.I wish to kill president.This app,by the way,is called Virtual Recorder.It's really easy way to quickly reverse your own speech.Matthew Hudson,in The Seven Laws of Magical Thinking.points out that if you record yourself saying,"Ooh! You sniff turkey fat!"And then reverse it,it sounds a bit like "Happy birthday to you !" Happy birthday to you !Kind of.

这是一个巧合呢 还是在他自己言语间无意识的坦白呢?这只是一个巧合。其实嘛 不论谁说 “和公平对待古巴”然后倒放 它听起来都是一样的。我想杀死总统。这个应用叫 Virtual Recordr.你可以用它来轻松倒放自己的话。Matthew Hudson所著的《神奇的思维七律》，指出如果你录下自己说的，“奥 你闻闻火鸡的肥肉”然后倒放，听起来有点像“祝你生日快乐”祝你生日快乐!有点儿吧。

If a word can be spelled the same forward and backward,it's a palindrome.But if a word or phrase sounds the same,whether spoken forward or rewound,is a phonetic palindrome.For example,"Say yes."-Reversed?-Say yes.Pretty cool.But check out this poem by Karsten Johansson."When I wonder why What's never been's never been so,We would lie when we say 'Yes,you know we all love you'What's never been's never been so Hell,we're nowhere now."When I wonder why What's never been'never been so,We would lie when we say 'Yes,you know we all love you."What's never been's never been so Hell,we're nowhere now.

如果一个词正反拼写都一样，这被称作回文 但如果一个词或者词组正反听起来都一样，这叫做语音回文。比如说“同意”反过来呢“同意”，很棒吧。但是看看Karsten Johansson 写的这首诗。当我不知为何 不知何为从未经历，何为从未经历过 我们正身出虚无，当我不知为何 不知何为从未经历 我们说谎：你知道我们都爱你。何为从未经历过 我们正身出虚无。

By the way,some people can speak in reverse on the fly.It is really cool to see them in action.Watch guys lean back after this video.It's linked down in the description and it's full of pretty cool coincidence videos.Apophenia is the perception of connections,or patterns,in information.One type of Apophenia isPareidolia,the seeing or hearing of things that weren't meant to be there.For instance,hearing your name being called,or your phone ringing,in the sound of running water.Or hearing English words in a non-English song,or seeing faces that weren't purposely placed there.

有些人能流利的道着说话，看他们这么做很有意思。看完视频后 去看看Leanback 的视频吧。链接在上方 这个频道有许多关于巧合的视频。空想性措视与信息连接或模式上的感知有关。感知性错视是空想性错视的一种，听到或看到本不该在此处的事物。比方说 听到有人叫你的名字 或者电话铃响，在水流的声音中。或者在非英文歌曲里听到英文单词，或者看到随意摆放的东西中隐藏的面孔。

Our brains are good at this kind of work,probably because being hyper-attentive to patterns and faces can save your life.If there's ambiguity as to whether that thing hiding in the shadows is a threat or just a shadow,it's advantageous to heir on the side of threat.Organisms with a healthy sense of Apophenia live longer--long enough to have kids and raise them and naturally become the norm.We connect with faces so well,Hudson relates a story of a friend who draws faces on things she doesn't wanna lose,like her bags.She says the faces make her less likely to forget about them.

我们的大脑擅长于此，可能是因为对于图案和脸孔特别敏感 能救你一命。如果分不清影子里的东西 是威胁 或是只是影子而已，将其视为威胁总是有利的。有着健全的空想性错视感的生物获得更长 从而能生养后代，自然而然 这种感觉成为常态。我们与脸孔联系得很紧密，Hudson提到 他的一位朋友在她不愿遗失的东西上画上脸孔，比如说她的包，她说 脸孔让她更容易记住他们。

If you like,it you should have put a ring on it.If you like not losing it,you should've drawn a face on it.We are so good at at teasing out patterns and faces from random noise,actual random sequences don't always feel random to us.Originally,Apple's iTunes shuffle feature generated complaints from users.They said that similar songs,or songs from the same artist,appeared in a string...which,of course,is to be expected from randomness.But it didn't feel random enough,so Apple introduced a smart shuffle that avoided totally sequences that nonetheless didn't seem random to our pattern loving brains.

如果你喜欢他 你应该给它戴上戒指。如果你不想弄丢它 就该在上面画一张脸，我们太善于从随机的噪声中识别图案和脸孔，以致随机的序列并不总是令我们就得随机。一开始 苹果的iTunes 随机播放功能 引来了用户的投诉。用户反映 相似的歌曲 或者同一歌手的歌，被接连播放 这当然会发生在随机事件中。但用户仍觉得不够随机，因此苹果公司引入了智能随机播放功能，它避免了完全随机的序列，这在我们偏爱模式的大脑看来 还不够随机。

As Steve Jobs explained,we're making it less random to make it feel more random.Our impressive ability to imagine patterns also expresses itself when it comes to connecting songs and moving images.This dancing Spider-man animation will famously sync up with any music you play.Try it.What kind of black magic is going on here?Well,as it turns out,most of it is in our heads.RADIOLAB reported that Michigan State University explains that the major movements of dancing animations like this one,or this one,move at typical song tempos,but also contain,like most dance,various other different related rhythms of movement allowing them to seemingly fit many different tempos.

就像乔布斯所述 我们降低了随机性 使其感觉更随机。我们对于模式超强的想象力，在关联歌曲和动画中又一次体现出来。这幅有名的蜘蛛侠跳舞动画会和你播放的任一音乐合拍。试试看 这是闹的什么鬼啊?事实证明 这与大脑有着密切的联系。RADIOLAB 引用密歇根州立大学的解释，在跳舞动画中的主要动作 就像这个，还有这个 是随着典型的歌曲节奏而舞动的，就像大多数的舞步 它也包括了许多其它不同的 与节奏相关的步伐，使得其看起来能与许多不同的节奏合拍。

Selection bias helps a lot too.We fall prey to this when we reject all the times the animation doesn't really sync up,focusing instead on the more surprising times when it does.The bizarre pyramid coincidence mentioned earlier is a lot less bizarre,when you consider the fact that we got to control where we placed the decimal point.And that a number of degrees this precise isn't necessary to locate the pyramid.By the foruth decimal,we're only talking about a matter of a few meters,so it's easy to make the rest fit the speed of light exactly.and have still picked a point on the pyramid.Confirmation bias also comes into play here.If you really want two things to sync up...they will.

选择偏倚也对其影响很大。当动画不合拍的时候 我们全都忽略了，而只关注它合拍的时候 这让我们深受蛊惑。之前提到关于金字塔的离奇巧合 其实没那么离奇，当你考虑到我们实际上要自行决定，小数点的放置位置。而且这么精确的度数对于定位金字塔来说并不必要。在小数点第四位 也只是数米之差，所以很容易就能将剩下的部分 与光速的数字完全对应 而且仍然在金字塔上选择了一个点。确认偏误在这儿起了作用。如果你真的想让两件事情同步，它们就会同步.

We often look for evidence that supports what we already believe,while marginalizing things against it.As Marshall McLuhan said,"I wouldn't have seen it if I hadn't have belived it."These biases also help explain the seemingly mind-blowing coincidence that famous movies and famous albums can line up.One the most popular states that if you start playing Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the Moon.at the same time as the Wizard of Oz,they will eerily line up.Entire communities have sprouted around the syncing of movies and albums.Some of my favorites are the Yellow Submarine soundtrack and The Little Mermaid.Lordes Pure Heroin and Twilight's Saga,Breaking Dawn-ll,and the end of 2001:A Space Odyssey,with Pink Floyd's echoes.

我们常为自己相信的事物寻找证据，同时漠视反对它的证据。正如Marshall McLuhan所说，要不是亲眼目睹 我决不会相信有这种事。这些偏误同样解释了看上去耸人听闻的巧合，著名的音乐专辑和电影能够配合得天衣无缝。最著名的就是 如果你播放 Pink Floyd的《月之暗面》同时播放《绿野仙踪》它们能非常诡异地配上。这们的巧合在社会上像雨后春笋般流行开来。我很喜欢用《黄色潜水艇》配上《小美人鱼》。Lorde的《纯粹海洛因》配上《暮光之城：破晓》，还有《2001：太空漫游》的结尾配上Pink Floyd的《回声》。

There are conspiracies that these were somehow secretly planned.Though,in reality,they're just accidental music videos.The product of selection bias,confirmation bias,And the Law of Near Enough,a behavior of our pattern sensitive minds.Two things don't have to line up exactly,or literally,for us to see a connection.This is why vague predictions are a great way to look psychic.These are also actually unsurprising when you consider the fact.that the number of narrative paces and rhythms we enjoy,and typically use,are much smaller than the number possible.

这些巧合可能是某种秘密策划的阴谋。但实际上 它们只是湊巧配成的MV而已。这些巧合是选择偏倚和确认偏误，足够接近定律，以及对大脑对模式敏感的结果。两件事并不用完全契合，我们就能将其关联 这就是为什么模糊的预言，会让别人觉得你能通灵的原因。这些事情实际上也不再令人惊异，当你考虑到我们所喜欢和常用的，叙事步调和节奏比可能的数目要小得多。

In the Improbability Principal,David J.Hand calls this the probability lever.What may be rare on average,or when considering all possible scenarios,can be less rare for specific scenarios,even if they are only marginally different.Getting struck by lightning is a provebially unlikely event,but Walter Summerford wasn't just struck by lightning once during his life,he was struck three times.It never killed him,but four years after his death,his gravestone was also sturck by lightning.What are the chances? I mean,clearly Summerford was some sort of robot built out of lightning rods,or had somehow angered zeus.Right?Probably not.

在《不可能性定律》中David J.Hand 称其为“概率杠杆”。当考虑到所有情况后 罕见的事情，在特定情况下会变得不太罕见，即便其间只有微小的区别。众所周知 被闪电击中的概率很小，但Walter Summerford 在他一生中被闪电击中不止一次，他被雷击过三次。雷击并未使他死去 但在他去世四年后，他的墓碑也被闪电击中。这样的几率又是多少呢?很明显这位仁兄 是某种内置避雷针的机器人，或者他触怒了众神之王 是吗?可能不是。

You see,while for the average person,the chance of being struck by lightning is quite low.For an avid outdoor sportsman like Summerford,it's not as low.The Law of Truly Large Numbers also comes into play here.With lightning striking earth 40-50 times a second,billions of people for it to strike and thousands of years of recorded history?It's actually not surprising at all that at least once,a story like Summerford's would've happened.Given the truly large number of people who visit Disney World every day,and the fact that they take photos-and lots of them--it's actually not surprising at all that at least once so far a story like Alex and Donna Voutsina has happened.

虽然对于普通人来说，被闪电击中的概率非常低。对于Summerford 这样狂热的户外运动员来说 概率并不低。大数量定律对此起了作用。地球每秒会被雷击40-50次，可能被击中的有数十亿人，有记载的历史长至千年?所以Summerford的事情发生至少一次，实际上并不令人感到奇怪。考虑到每天造访，迪士尼乐园的巨大人流量，这些人还会拍很多照片，至今为止 发生一次这样的事情也不奇怪，正如Alex 及Donna Voutsina的故事。

While sorting through old photos before their wedding,Alex and Donna found a photo of Donna at Disney World,14 years before the couple met.But then Alex noticed something.He too had visited Disney World as a child and there,in the background,was his father pushing him in a stroller.Sometimes coincidences can be tragic.

婚礼前整理老照片时，他们找到了一张 Donna在贴士尼乐园拍的照片，那是他俩相遇14年前的事情。接着Alex注意到。他也在小时候去过贴士尼乐园，在背景中，他父亲正推着婴儿车里的他。巧合有时会是一场悲剧。

In 1864,Abraham Lincoln's son,Robert Lincoln,was saved from serious injury,or possibly even death,when a stranger grabbed him by the shirt collar moments before he plunged onto train tracks below.That stranger turned out to be Edwin Booth,one of the most famous ,Shakespearean actors of the time--so famous,in fact,Robert recognized him and had a letter sent thanking him for saving his life.Less than a year later Edwin Booth's brother,John Wilkes Booth,undid the favor by assassinating Abraham Lincoln.

1864年 亚伯拉罕.林肯的儿子罗伯特，幸免于一场险些让他送命的严重事故，一位陌生人抓住他的衣领，在他栽倒在底下的铁轨之前救起了他。这位陌生人是Edwin Booth,当时最有名的莎剧演员之一，他太有名了 结果罗伯特认出了他，让人给他寄了封感谢救命之恩的信。过了不到一年，Edwin Booth的弟弟 John Wilkes Booth 暗杀了林肯 抹去了这个恩惠。

Strange as they seem at first math says that given enough time and psychology says that given enough interest in finding them coincidences and connections will be found even unlikely ones.The coincidences between Abraham Lincoln and John F Kennedy are famous both were elected to the presidency in the year ending with sixty.Lincoln was shot at Fords Theater,Kennedy was shot in a 1961 Lincoln Continental four door convertible made by Ford,both presidents last names have seven letters,and both assassins had 15 letters in their names.the list goes on as it should,if you look long enough you can find coincidences,between any two people or things or events,they may seem strange at first,but tend to wind up being in the end pretty expected.

这些事情乍一看很离奇 但数学假如有足够的时间，心理学上要是有足够的兴趣去寻找，我们会发现一些几乎不可能发生的巧合与关联。林肯和肯尼迪之间的巧合很是有名，他们都在年份结尾为60的那一年当总统。林肯在福特剧院中枪，而肯尼迪在1961年福特产的林肯牌欧式四门敞篷车中遇刺，两位总统的名字都含七个字母，两位杀手的名字都含十五个字母，这份清单当然能被继续罗列，如果调查时间足够长 你可以找到任意两个人 两样东西 两件事的巧合，起初 它们可能看似奇怪，可是常常到头来会在意料之中。

For just one example,name length isn't that wildly variable seven-letter names are pretty common.Lincoln.Kennedy.Michael.Stevens,In the famous spooky presidential coincidences contest,held by the Skeptical Inquirer in 1992,one contestant alone found similar lists of crazy coincidences,between 21 pairs of former presidents given the vast amount of details in any one of our lives,It's pretty easy.This court can be exploited to almost comedic Heights when it comes to over analyzing.

举一个例子 名字长度之间的区别并不是很大，名字中有七个字母很常见。Lincoln Kennedy Michael Stevens著名的“灵异总统巧合大赛”，自1992年开始 由Skeptical lnquirer 主办，在比赛中 其中一位选手找到了许多奇异的巧合，这些巧合发生在21对前总统之间，考虑到任何一个人生命中大量的细节，(找到巧合)很容易。而过度分析亦可藉此，营造出喜剧效果.

Of course,hidden messages and signs are often intentionally included in media for fun or to reward attentive viewers,but unintentional extraordinary things happen all the time.Its not really that extraordinary.There's famous calculation that is known as Littewoods law.Given the number of hours we are awake every day and assuming an event only takes about a second to occur.

当然 隐藏的信息和标识常被有意地植入媒体中 以取悦或奖赏细心的观众，但是无意的非凡之事无时不刻都在上演。这些事情并没有那么了不起。Littlewoods 定律是一个著名的计算公式。

If you calculate the odds of something happening to you are only one in a million you should expect that thing to happen to you about once every 35 days.David J Hand took this even further with seven billion people on Earth,the chance that an event with a one in a million probability of happening to each of us won't happen today is one in ten to the three thousand and fourty.As Persi Diaconis put it the truly unusual day would be a day where nothing unusual happens.And as always,thanks for watching.

考虑到我们每天清醒的小时数目，假设每件事件时长仅为一秒，如果你算出自己遇到某事的概率仅为是百万分之一，你该认为 它每35天就会在你身上发生一次。David J Hand 考虑得更远 地球上有70亿人，发生在每个人身上的概率为百万分之一的事件，今日不发生的概率是1/10^3040.正如Persi Diconis 所说，真正不寻常的一天，是没有特殊事情发生的一天，如往常一样 多谢观赏。