世界小史 第57期:象形文字

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 At Mycenae he discovered palaces and the tombs of kings, armor and shields, just as the Homeric songs had described them.

于是他在迈锡尼找到了国王们的宫殿和墓穴、盔甲和盾牌，一切都跟荷马的歌里一样。

And he found Troy, too, and dug there.

他也找到并挖掘了特洛伊。

And it turned out that it really had been destroyed by fire.

结果表明，它确实是被大火烧毁的。

But in all those tombs and palaces there wasn't one inscription1,

但是在墓穴和宫殿里没有铭文，

so that for a long time no one could put a date to them until,

所以人们长期不知道，这究竟是什么时候发生的事，

one day, quite by chance, a ring was found in Mycenae that didn't come from there.

后来人们在迈锡尼偶然找到了一枚指环，它并不来自迈锡尼。

On it, in hieroglyphs2, was the name of an Egyptian king who had lived around 1,400 BC,

指环上有象形文字，是一个埃及国王的名字，这位国王生活在公元前1400年左右，

and had been the predecessor3 of Akhenaton, the great reformer.

他是大革新家埃赫那吞的前任国王。

Now at that time there was living in Greece,and on the many neighboring islands and shores, a warlike people who had amassed4 great treasures.

那就是说，在这个时期，在希腊和许多毗邻的岛屿上居住着一个有着大量财富的好战的部落。

Greece was not so much a kingdom as a collection of small fortified5 cities, each with its own palace and king.

当时希腊还不是一个统一的国家，只有一些小的城市要塞，每个城市有自己的宫殿和国王。