双语新闻：社交媒体如何影响新闻报道
News companies are increasingly using video and images from social media to report on the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas. This has led some media organizations to expand their efforts to identify false or misleading information.
新闻公司越来越多地使用社交媒体上的视频和图片来报道以色列和哈马斯之间正在进行的冲突。这导致一些媒体机构加大了识别虚假或误导性信息的力度。
Reporters covering the war in Gaza are limited by government restrictions on how they can document the conflict. But they can use a flood of video and pictures published online. Examining this material, however, can be difficult and take a lot of time. In addition, searching through a lot of graphic war images can cause emotional harm for the people looking at it.
报道加沙战争的记者受到政府关于如何记录冲突的限制。但他们可以利用网上发布的大量视频和图片。然而，检查这些材料可能很困难，而且需要花费大量时间。此外，搜索大量生动的战争图像可能会对观看者造成情感伤害。
So far, coverage of the war between Israel and Hamas has included live broadcasts and dash-cam video that appeared on social media. News content has also been captured by satellite equipment and security cameras placed around Israel and Gaza.
到目前为止，对以色列和哈马斯之间战争的报道包括现场直播和出现在社交媒体上的行车记录仪视频。以色列和加沙周围的卫星设备和安全摄像头也捕捉到了新闻内容。
Using this kind of content in news shows has become very common for major media companies, said Katie Polglase. She is a London-based investigator for CNN. Some news organizations have even created special departments to investigate whether images or videos are real or not.
Katie Polglase说，在新闻节目中使用这种内容对于大型媒体公司来说已经变得非常普遍。她是CNN驻伦敦的调查员。一些新闻机构甚至成立了专门的部门来调查图像或视频的真假。
Last week, CBS News announced the launch of CBS News Confirmed. This team aims to use data and technology to study online evidence in an effort to confirm true facts. Earlier this year, BBC Verify was established to serve the same purpose.
上周，CBS新闻宣布推出CBS新闻确认节目。该团队旨在利用数据和技术研究在线证据，以确认真实的事实。今年早些时候，英国广播公司(BBC)成立了“BBC核实”栏目，以实现同样的目的。
Such newsgathering methods were not available during media coverage of some wars in the past. This meant the public usually only saw reports showing the aftermath of military battles. But in today's world, millions of people are carrying phones everywhere that can capture and quickly publish images and video online.
在过去的一些战争报道中，这种新闻收集方法是没有的。这意味着公众通常只看到有关军事战争后果的报道。但在当今世界，数以百万计的人随身携带着可以捕捉并快速发布图像和视频的手机。
Wendy McMahon is president of CBS News and Stations. She told The Associated Press that many people watching news broadcasts today expect to be part of "a shared viewing experience." This way, they can feel like they are learning what is going on right along with the reporters and news presenters, McMahon said.
温迪·麦克马洪是哥伦比亚广播公司新闻电台的总裁。她告诉美联社，今天许多观看新闻广播的人都希望成为“共同观看体验”的一部分。麦克马洪说，通过这种方式，他们可以感觉到自己正在与记者和新闻主持人一起了解正在发生的事情。
In order to create this kind of experience, news reporters and producers have to search through a huge online supply of image and video content. The content comes from services like X (formerly Twitter), YouTube, Instagram, Telegram and Facebook.
为了创造这种体验，新闻记者和制作人必须在大量的在线图片和视频内容中进行搜索。这些内容来自X(以前的Twitter)、YouTube、Instagram、Telegram和Facebook等服务。
"The degree to which social media has been used is very sophisticated," said Rhona Tarrant. She helps lead the online investigative website Storyful. "There's so much information. There's so much content," Tarrant told the AP.
罗娜·塔兰特说:“社交媒体的使用程度非常复杂。她帮助领导在线调查网站Storyful。“信息太多了。有这么多的内容，”塔兰特告诉美联社。
With so much material available, news organizations must also weigh their duty to inform and present a realistic picture against concerns that graphic and violent images could harm viewers.
有了这么多可用的材料，新闻机构也必须权衡他们的责任，告知和呈现一个现实的画面，与担心图形和暴力图像可能伤害观众。
It has also become increasingly easy for people or organizations to create false images and video using artificial intelligence (AI) methods. Reuters news agency uncovered several images published online that turned out to be false, or fake. Some of the images appeared to show support for the Palestinians, while others expressed support for Israel.
人们或组织使用人工智能(AI)方法创建虚假图像和视频也变得越来越容易。路透社发现网上发布的几张图片都是假的。其中一些图片似乎表达了对巴勒斯坦人的支持，而另一些则表达了对以色列的支持。
Another case of confirmed misinformation involved a video of model Bella Hadid, who has ancestral ties to Palestine. The video seemed to show Hadid denouncing the Hamas attack in Israel that started the latest conflict.
人们或组织使用人工智能(AI)方法创建虚假图像和视频也变得越来越容易。路透社发现网上发布的几张图片都是假的。其中一些图片似乎表达了对巴勒斯坦人的支持，而另一些则表达了对以色列的支持。
But the video was fake. Someone used AI methods to change a video of Hadid accepting an award for her activism to raise awareness about Lyme Disease. The new video appeared to show Hadid condemning Hamas' attack because it was changed to make it seem like different words were coming out of her mouth.
但视频是假的。有人用人工智能方法修改了哈迪德因积极提高人们对莱姆病的认识而接受奖项的视频。这段新视频似乎是哈迪德谴责哈马斯的袭击，因为视频经过了修改，看起来像是从她嘴里说出来的不同的话。
Videos changed in this way to present misinformation are known as "deep fakes." In another fake video, U.S. President Joe Biden seemed to claim his administration was planning on sending American troops to assist Israel in its war against Hamas.
以这种方式改变以呈现错误信息的视频被称为“深度造假”。在另一段假视频中，美国总统乔·拜登似乎声称，美国正计划派遣美国军队帮助以色列对抗哈马斯。
A lot of the fake images and videos come from past conflicts but are presented as new happenings. Sometimes even images from video games are published in an effort to trick users, but experts can usually identify those.
许多虚假的图片和视频来自过去的冲突，但被呈现为新的事件。有时甚至发布视频游戏中的图像来欺骗用户，但专家通常可以识别这些图像。
McMahon, from CBS, said the Israel-Hamas war has in many ways confirmed a big fear among news executives: "That news organizations would see an influx of deep fakes and misinformation at a scale that was never seen before."
哥伦比亚广播公司的麦克马洪说，以色列和哈马斯的战争在很多方面证实了新闻高管的一个巨大担忧:“新闻机构将看到大量虚假和错误信息以前所未有的规模涌入。”
