双语新闻：印尼年轻人清理水道，需要更好的解决方案

Children in the Indonesian city of Bogor are cleaning up a local lake on their own.

印度尼西亚茂物市的孩子们正在自己清理当地的一个湖泊。

The young people take small boats, called kayaks, out on the water. They direct the kayaks toward floating trash. They remove the trash from the water and place it in their boats. Later, on land, all the trash is examined and dealt with.

年轻人乘坐一种叫做皮划艇的小船出海。他们引导皮划艇驶向漂浮的垃圾。他们把垃圾从水中移走，放在他们的船上。之后，在陆地上，所有的垃圾都会被检查和处理。

About 20 children take part in the effort to fight pollution but it began with one boy. Ten years ago, Giri Marhara decided to start cleaning up the lake. He was just 16 years old at the time and had a habit of cleaning up his environment.

大约有20个孩子参加了对抗污染的努力，但它是从一个男孩开始的。十年前，吉里·玛哈拉决定开始清理这个湖。他当时只有16岁，有清理环境的习惯。

Young people like Marhara have been at the front of environmental and climate change movements in recent years. Movements like school strikes for climate action, protests at United Nations climate talks, and local clean ups have often been youth-led.

近年来，像马尔哈拉这样的年轻人一直站在环境和气候变化运动的前沿。气候行动的学校罢课、联合国气候谈判的抗议和地方清洁等运动往往是由年轻人领导的。

The small-scale campaigns in Indonesia have been popular with younger people, gaining support and attention.

印尼的小规模运动在年轻人中很受欢迎，获得了支持和关注。

"For me, cleaning up is catharsis, cleaning up is refreshing," said Marhara. He said children playing nearby would often ask if they could help him with lake clean up.

玛哈拉说:“对我来说，清理是一种宣泄，清理是一种提神。”他说，在附近玩耍的孩子经常会问他们是否可以帮助他清理湖泊。

They formed a group last year, called the Situ Gede Cleanliness Warrior, named after the lake. They boat across the lake, pick up trash, and identify what can be recycled.

去年，他们成立了一个名为“司徒格德清洁勇士”的组织，以该湖命名。他们乘船穿越湖泊，捡起垃圾，并确定哪些可以回收。

Marhara and his friends have collected more than 2,700 kilograms of trash in and around the Situ Gede lake.

马尔哈拉和他的朋友们已经在斯图格德湖内外收集了2700多公斤的垃圾。

The trash problem in Indonesia is widespread. Its Environmental and Forestry Ministry says the country produced more than 35 million tons of waste last year. It estimates that 35 percent of waste in the country is unmanaged. Garbage along roadways, waterways and natural environments is a common sight.

印尼的垃圾问题很普遍。泰国环境和林业部表示，该国去年产生了超过3500万吨的垃圾。据估计，该国35%的垃圾没有得到管理。道路、水道和自然环境中的垃圾随处可见。

Waste is also responsible for around 3 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, says the World Resources Institute. Much of that comes from food waste. If left to decompose in landfills, food waste can release methane. The gas warms the planet and is around 80 times stronger than carbon dioxide.

世界资源研究所表示，废物还占全球温室气体排放量的3%左右。其中大部分来自食物浪费。如果留在垃圾填埋场分解，食物垃圾会释放出甲烷。这种气体使地球变暖，其强度是二氧化碳的80倍左右。

The trash problem has raised health concerns: Plastic waste, for example, gets broken down into tiny pieces called microplastics, which can enter the human body. Studies suggest it can damage the endocrine, nervous and immune systems, and can carry an increased risk of cancers.

垃圾问题引发了人们对健康的担忧:例如，塑料垃圾被分解成被称为微塑料的微小碎片，可以进入人体。研究表明，它会损害内分泌、神经和免疫系统，并可能增加患癌症的风险。

There are alternatives to landfill or littering for some waste products: food waste can be composted, for example. Some other types of waste, like certain types of plastic, can be reused or recycled. But environmentalists also say the world needs to make less waste in the first place, as much of it ends up in landfills or in the world's oceans.

对于一些垃圾产品，除了填埋或乱扔垃圾之外，还有其他选择:例如，食物垃圾可以堆肥。一些其他类型的废物，如某些类型的塑料，可以重复使用或回收。但环保人士也表示，世界首先需要减少垃圾的产生，因为大部分垃圾最终都被填埋或流入世界海洋。

But as waste continues, youth-led clean ups can still make an impact, even if it is just for small areas or communities.

但是，随着废物的继续，青年领导的清理工作仍然可以产生影响，即使只是针对小地区或社区。

Marhara believes that lasting change will require ending "behavior that is causing trash to be out there in the environment," he said, saying the country has a "littering culture."

马尔哈拉认为，持久的改变需要结束“导致垃圾在环境中存在的行为”，他说，这个国家有一种“乱扔垃圾的文化”。

"I think that the only way to counter that culture is by developing a counterculture," a clean up culture, he said.

“我认为对抗这种文化的唯一方法是发展一种反主流文化，”一种清理文化，他说。