Pronunciation 怎样区分/ʌ / 和/a:/
Wang Fei: 大家好,欢迎收听本周的《你问我答》节目。我是王飞。And this is Rob Carter.
Rob: Oh, no Wang Fei, it should be Rob Carter.
Wang Fei: What did I say just now?
Rob: Well, I think you said Cutter, not Carter.
Wang Fei: 英国人的耳朵真是太灵敏了。我觉得 Carter 和 Cutter 没什么太多区别。
Rob: But in English they are two totally different words, with different meanings.
Wang Fei: Rob 说得对,对于英语是母语的人来说,cutter 和 Carter可是两个不同的发音,意思也不一样。我们今天的问题呢也就是关于这两个发音,短音 /ʌ / 和长音 /a:/, 这对很多中国的英语学习者来说比较困难。 我们先来听问题。
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Hello, my name is Danny. I find it difficult to tell the difference between the sound / ʌ / and the sound /a:/.Obviously, one is a short vowel, and the other is a long vowel. But when it comes to listening and speaking, the difference is not that obvious to me. So, is there any other way to distinguish these two sounds? I'm looking forward to hearing from you. Thank you.
Wang Fei: 我们的听友 Danny 对短元音 /ʌ / 和长元音 /a:/ 比较困惑。如何区分这两个音呢?
Rob: First of all, let's talk about the different pronunciations and then we can practise.
Wang Fei: Rob 建议我们先来谈谈发音,然后再做练习。
Rob: I think there are two main differences between / ʌ / and /a:/. First of all /a:/ is longer which is obvious. And secondly, when you are pronouncing /a:/ the shape of your lips is larger than / ʌ /.
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Wang Fei: Rob 说有两点区别,首先一个是短元音 / ʌ /, 另外一个是长元音/a:/, 一个长,一个短。当你发长元音/a:/的时候,口型要比短元音 / ʌ /大。你能感觉到,短元音发音比
较靠前,而长元音发音比较靠后。
Rob: Ok Wang Fei, let's do a practice. Here are some words with similar pronunciation: hut and heart.
Wang Fei: Hut 小木屋,heart 心。
Rob: Cut and cart
Wang Fei: Cut 切割,cart 手推车。
Rob: Starter and stutter
Wang Fei: Starter 开胃菜、stutter 口吃、结巴。
Rob: Lust and last
Wang Fei: Lust 欲望,last 最后的。下面Rob 每次读一个单词,你们来猜他读的是哪个单词。
Rob: Hut
Wang Fei: 听出来了吗? 他读的是 hut 小木屋。
Rob: Cart
Wang Fei: 这次他读的是cart 手推车。
Rob: Last
Wang Fei: 这次他读的是last最后的。
Rob: Stutter
Wang Fei: 这次他读的是stutter 结巴。
Rob: I hope you can hear the difference between / ʌ / and /a:/.
Wang Fei: 在我们汉语的读音中,没有短音/ ʌ / 和长音/a:/ 的区别,所以我们在读英语和听英语的时候就会忽视它们之间的差别,这是母语的干扰造成的。不过,只要你多听多练,
自然就会感到它们之间的区别了。
Rob: Another point I want to say is that in American English, people might pronounce heart as /ha:rt/, and last as /læst/. In Scottish English people also tend to read starter as /sta:rtə/. So what we talked about before is the standard pronunciation in English English.
Wang Fei: 对于长元音 /a:/ 的发音,在世界各国的英语中也有不同,英国的RP 英语读 heart, 而美国人、苏格兰人可能会读成 /ha:rt/.英国的RP 英语读 last, 而美国人则可能读成
/læst/.
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Rob: Vowels vary more than consonants in different English accents around the world. What we are talking about is the Received Pronunciation in Britain. You might hear different accents in the world, but you can't say they are wrong.
Wang Fei: 英语中的元音在不同的口音中变化会比较大。我们今天讲的是标准的英式英语发音,在别的英语口音中,人们可能会读的不太一样。但是你不能说他们是错误的。
Rob: But from the bottom of my heart, I love British English.
Wang Fei: And I really love Rob Carter's British accent.
Rob: Thank you.
Wang Fei: 听众朋友,如果你也有发音或者语法方面的问题,请给我们发电子邮件。如果你把你的录音发送给我们,您就会有机会得到BBC 英语教学专家的指导。
Rob: We look forward to hearing from you soon.
Both: Bye bye!