读《FT·金融时报》学英语：中国第一高楼是怎样建成的?
摄影师谢尔登被请来记录上海中心大厦的建设过程。他在履行合同义务之余，利用进入工地之机捕捉到了别样画面。
Shanghai's skyline has long stood as a symbol of the future.Just ask the many Hollywood directors who have used the city as a backdrop for tales of artificial intelligence, time travel and high-tech espionage.
长久以来，上海的天际线一直被当做未来的象征。只要看看有多少好莱坞导演以这座城市为背景，讲述人工智能、时间旅行和高科技间谍的故事。
In Spike Jonze's Her, Shanghai plays a futuristic Los Angeles, a backdrop for Joaquin Phoenix's love affair with a computer operating system voiced by Scarlett Johansson.In Looper, time-travelling hitman Bruce Willis moves to Shanghai to live for 30 years until 2074, when his younger self will arrive to kill him.In Mission: Impossible III, Tom Cruise rappels down the 88-storey Jinmao Tower after stealing a bioweapon.
在斯派克·琼斯(Spike Jonze)的《她》(Her)里，上海充当了未来的洛杉矶，成为华金·菲尼克斯(Joaquin Phoenix)与斯嘉丽·约翰逊(Scarlett Johansson)配音的电脑操作系统谈情说爱的背景舞台。在《环形使者》(Looper)中，时间旅行杀手布鲁斯·威利斯(Bruce Willis)搬到上海生活了30年，直到2074年，年轻时候的他来这儿杀他。在《碟中谍三》(Mission: Impossible III)中，汤姆·克鲁斯(Tom Cruise)在偷走了一件生物武器后，从88层的金茂大厦(Jinmao Tower)一跃而下。
With the completion of work on the 127-storey Shanghai Tower at the end of 2015, the city gained a potent new futurist symbol.At 632m, it is the world's second-tallest building, surpassed only by Dubai's 828m-tall Burj Khalifa.
2015年底，随着127层的上海中心大厦(Shanghai Tower)完工，该市获得了新的、强有力的未来主义象征。这座632米的高楼是全球第二高建筑，仅次于迪拜828米高的哈利法塔(Burj Khalifa)。
Gensler, the US company that designed the tower, hired photographer Noah Sheldon to document its construction.While producing architectural photos to satisfy his client, Sheldon took advantage of his access to the site to capture other kinds of images.
负责设计上海中心大厦的美国公司Gensler聘请摄影师诺亚·谢尔登(Noah Sheldon)来记录这座大楼的建设过程。谢尔登在拍摄建筑照片满足客户要求的同时，还利用进入工地的机会，捕捉到了别样的画面。
Like most big Chinese construction projects of the past 35 years, Shanghai Tower was built by migrant workers from small cities and rural areas.
与过去35年大多数中国大型建筑项目一样，上海中心大厦也是由来自小城市或农村地区的民工建造的。
Sheldon's photographs capture the pride and physical confidence of workers engaged in dangerous work at high altitude.
谢尔登的照片捕捉到了这些从事高空危险作业的工人们的自豪和自信。
“You'd have a whole team of, say, scaffolding riggers, who would all be from one town in Henan.And they would all be cousins or friends,” says Sheldon.
谢尔登说：“就拿架子工来说吧，可能一整组架子工都来自河南某个城镇。而且他们都是亲戚朋友。”
“They're proud of the work, and we tapped into that.The way I approached the workers was to say, ‘You should be documented in the same way the building is.”
“他们对这份工作感到自豪，而我们挖掘了这一点。我接近这些工人的方式是说，“你应该被记录下来，就像这座大厦被记录下来一样。”
Especially striking was the use of female construction workers, who mostly did the same work as their male counterparts.
尤为引人注目的是那些建筑女工，她们大多干着与男性建筑工人一样的工作。
“The women were doing some really heavy, heavy labour,” says Sheldon.“They'd usually be carrying the same huge things as the men.”
谢尔登说：“这些女性的劳动强度真的非常、非常大。她们常常像男性一样，搬运着巨大的物件。”
Lujiazui, the financial centre that hosts Shanghai Tower, is the ultimate symbol of China's transformation since Deng Xiaoping broke with Maoist state planning in 1978.
上海中心大厦位于金融中心陆家嘴，自1978年邓小平告别毛泽东的计划经济以来，陆家嘴便是中国改革的终极象征。
As recently as the late 1980s, the area was still a sparse collection of warehouses, factories and low-rise residential buildings.
直到上世纪80年代末，陆家嘴还只是散落着仓库、工厂和低层住宅建筑。
But change came quickly.In 1996, the city's mayor boasted that 18 per cent of the world's cranes were in Shanghai.Today Lujiazui is a dense warren of skyscrapers.
但它的变化非常快。1996年，当时的上海市长自豪地表示，全球18%的起重机都在上海。今天的陆家嘴高楼林立。
“It was definitely something that the minders were worried about.They couldn't understand why I was taking pictures of the workers,” he says.
谢尔登说：“这种事绝对是工地保安担心的。他们不明白我为什么拍摄工人的照片。”
From base to top, the tower twists 120 degrees, a figure calculated to minimise the impact of Shanghai's high winds.Gensler says this innovation saved $58m worth of structural materials.
从底部到顶层，整栋大厦扭转了120度，该数字是为了最小化上海大风影响而计算得出的。Gensler表示，这一创新节省了价值5800万美元的结构材料。
With the tower complete, the question is where Shanghai and China's economy go from here.
随着大厦落成，一个问题也产生了：上海乃至中国的经济将走向何方？
Economists have theorised about the existence of a “skyscraper curse”: the world's tallest building often correlates with an impending economic crash.The Empire State Building in New York, the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur and the Burj Khalifa are notable examples.
经济学家提出了“摩天大楼诅咒”的理论：世界上最高的建筑物往往与一场即将来临的经济崩溃存在关联。纽约的帝国大厦(Empire State Building)、吉隆坡的双子塔(Petronas Towers)以及哈利法塔都是著名案例。
Some analysts say China's real estate market is a bubble.The Shanghai Tower's agent says only 60 per cent of the office space is currently leased.If the market does crash, workers like those in Sheldon's photos would be among the hardest hit, and the tower could come to stand as a monument to irrational exuberance.
一些分析师认为，中国的房地产市场是个泡沫。上海中心大厦的中介商表示目前仅租出去了60%的办公空间。如果房地产市场崩溃，谢尔登镜头中的建筑工人将是受到最沉重打击的群体之一，而这座大厦可能会成为非理性繁荣的一座纪念碑。
Shanghai's skyline has long stood as a symbol of the future.Just ask the many Hollywood directors who have used the city as a backdrop for tales of artificial intelligence, time travel and high-tech espionage.
长久以来，上海的天际线一直被当做未来的象征。只要看看有多少好莱坞导演以这座城市为背景，讲述人工智能、时间旅行和高科技间谍的故事。
In Spike Jonze's Her, Shanghai plays a futuristic Los Angeles, a backdrop for Joaquin Phoenix's love affair with a computer operating system voiced by Scarlett Johansson.In Looper, time-travelling hitman Bruce Willis moves to Shanghai to live for 30 years until 2074, when his younger self will arrive to kill him.In Mission: Impossible III, Tom Cruise rappels down the 88-storey Jinmao Tower after stealing a bioweapon.
在斯派克·琼斯(Spike Jonze)的《她》(Her)里，上海充当了未来的洛杉矶，成为华金·菲尼克斯(Joaquin Phoenix)与斯嘉丽·约翰逊(Scarlett Johansson)配音的电脑操作系统谈情说爱的背景舞台。在《环形使者》(Looper)中，时间旅行杀手布鲁斯·威利斯(Bruce Willis)搬到上海生活了30年，直到2074年，年轻时候的他来这儿杀他。在《碟中谍三》(Mission: Impossible III)中，汤姆·克鲁斯(Tom Cruise)在偷走了一件生物武器后，从88层的金茂大厦(Jinmao Tower)一跃而下。
With the completion of work on the 127-storey Shanghai Tower at the end of 2015, the city gained a potent new futurist symbol.At 632m, it is the world's second-tallest building, surpassed only by Dubai's 828m-tall Burj Khalifa.
2015年底，随着127层的上海中心大厦(Shanghai Tower)完工，该市获得了新的、强有力的未来主义象征。这座632米的高楼是全球第二高建筑，仅次于迪拜828米高的哈利法塔(Burj Khalifa)。
Gensler, the US company that designed the tower, hired photographer Noah Sheldon to document its construction.While producing architectural photos to satisfy his client, Sheldon took advantage of his access to the site to capture other kinds of images.
负责设计上海中心大厦的美国公司Gensler聘请摄影师诺亚·谢尔登(Noah Sheldon)来记录这座大楼的建设过程。谢尔登在拍摄建筑照片满足客户要求的同时，还利用进入工地的机会，捕捉到了别样的画面。
Like most big Chinese construction projects of the past 35 years, Shanghai Tower was built by migrant workers from small cities and rural areas.
与过去35年大多数中国大型建筑项目一样，上海中心大厦也是由来自小城市或农村地区的民工建造的。
Sheldon's photographs capture the pride and physical confidence of workers engaged in dangerous work at high altitude.
谢尔登的照片捕捉到了这些从事高空危险作业的工人们的自豪和自信。
“You'd have a whole team of, say, scaffolding riggers, who would all be from one town in Henan.And they would all be cousins or friends,” says Sheldon.
谢尔登说：“就拿架子工来说吧，可能一整组架子工都来自河南某个城镇。而且他们都是亲戚朋友。”
“They're proud of the work, and we tapped into that.The way I approached the workers was to say, ‘You should be documented in the same way the building is.”
“他们对这份工作感到自豪，而我们挖掘了这一点。我接近这些工人的方式是说，“你应该被记录下来，就像这座大厦被记录下来一样。”
Especially striking was the use of female construction workers, who mostly did the same work as their male counterparts.
尤为引人注目的是那些建筑女工，她们大多干着与男性建筑工人一样的工作。
“The women were doing some really heavy, heavy labour,” says Sheldon.“They'd usually be carrying the same huge things as the men.”
谢尔登说：“这些女性的劳动强度真的非常、非常大。她们常常像男性一样，搬运着巨大的物件。”
Lujiazui, the financial centre that hosts Shanghai Tower, is the ultimate symbol of China's transformation since Deng Xiaoping broke with Maoist state planning in 1978.
上海中心大厦位于金融中心陆家嘴，自1978年邓小平告别毛泽东的计划经济以来，陆家嘴便是中国改革的终极象征。
As recently as the late 1980s, the area was still a sparse collection of warehouses, factories and low-rise residential buildings.
直到上世纪80年代末，陆家嘴还只是散落着仓库、工厂和低层住宅建筑。
But change came quickly.In 1996, the city's mayor boasted that 18 per cent of the world's cranes were in Shanghai.Today Lujiazui is a dense warren of skyscrapers.
但它的变化非常快。1996年，当时的上海市长自豪地表示，全球18%的起重机都在上海。今天的陆家嘴高楼林立。
“It was definitely something that the minders were worried about.They couldn't understand why I was taking pictures of the workers,” he says.
谢尔登说：“这种事绝对是工地保安担心的。他们不明白我为什么拍摄工人的照片。”
From base to top, the tower twists 120 degrees, a figure calculated to minimise the impact of Shanghai's high winds.Gensler says this innovation saved $58m worth of structural materials.
从底部到顶层，整栋大厦扭转了120度，该数字是为了最小化上海大风影响而计算得出的。Gensler表示，这一创新节省了价值5800万美元的结构材料。
With the tower complete, the question is where Shanghai and China's economy go from here.
随着大厦落成，一个问题也产生了：上海乃至中国的经济将走向何方？
Economists have theorised about the existence of a “skyscraper curse”: the world's tallest building often correlates with an impending economic crash.The Empire State Building in New York, the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur and the Burj Khalifa are notable examples.
经济学家提出了“摩天大楼诅咒”的理论：世界上最高的建筑物往往与一场即将来临的经济崩溃存在关联。纽约的帝国大厦(Empire State Building)、吉隆坡的双子塔(Petronas Towers)以及哈利法塔都是著名案例。
Some analysts say China's real estate market is a bubble.The Shanghai Tower's agent says only 60 per cent of the office space is currently leased.If the market does crash, workers like those in Sheldon's photos would be among the hardest hit, and the tower could come to stand as a monument to irrational exuberance.
一些分析师认为，中国的房地产市场是个泡沫。上海中心大厦的中介商表示目前仅租出去了60%的办公空间。如果房地产市场崩溃，谢尔登镜头中的建筑工人将是受到最沉重打击的群体之一，而这座大厦可能会成为非理性繁荣的一座纪念碑。
