第21章　宾　语 21.3　用it作宾语

21.3　用it作宾语

21.3.1　人称代词it作宾语

1) 人称代词it常可以用作宾语，代表刚提到的一样东西：

Have you got my express mail? ——Yes, I've got it. 收到我的快件了吗？ ——收到了。

Where is my bike? ——Pam is riding it. 我的自行车在哪儿？ ——帕姆在骑。

Where is the car key? ——I put it in your drawer. 我的车钥匙在哪儿？ ——我放在你抽屉里了。

You can't eat your cake and have it. （谚）蛋糕吃了就没有了。

也可以代表一个婴儿：

How about the baby? ——I'll take care of it. 宝宝怎么办？ ——我来照看。

2) 也可表示刚提到的一件事：

If I can help, I'll do it. 如果我能帮忙，我一定会这样做。

If he doesn't come, I can't help it. 如果他不来我也没有办法。

You promised to support us. You've got to do it. 你答应支持我们的，你就应当这样做。

I want to go to the dance. ——Your father won't like it. 我想去参加舞会。 ——你父亲不会赞成的。

If I have improved in any way, I owe it all to you. 如果说我有什么改进，那都得归功于你。

You have saved my life. I shall never forget it. 你救过我的命，我永远不会忘记。

21.3.2　先行词it作宾语

it也可用作先行宾语，借助它把真正的宾语放到句子后部去，特别是用在一些复合宾语中。it可以：

1) 代表不定式：

She found it difficult to convince him. 她感到很难让他相信。

He thought it best to be cautious. 他认为最好小心行事。

I'dthink it well worthwhile to go. 我认为去是很值得的。

He felt it his duty to take good care of them. 他感到好好照顾他们是他的责任。

He made it a rule to do an hour's work in the garden every day. 他给自己规定每天在花园里干一小时的活。

2) 代表that引导的从句（that有时省略）：

I took it for granted (that) you would be coming. 我想当然地认为你会来的。

Depend upon it, we shall win the war. 放心吧，我们会打赢这场战争的。

I take it from your silence that you don't want to go. 从你的沉默中我猜想你不想去。

You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。

I have it on my conscience that I haven't done my duty. 我良心不安，感到没尽到我的责任。

He doesn't want it to be known that he's going away. 他不想让人知道他准备离开。

间或代表连接代（副）词引导的从句或动名词：

He hasn't made it clear when he is coming back. 他没有说明他什么时候回来。

They haven't made it known where the meeting is to take place. 他们没宣布会议在哪里开。

I think it very unwise going on like this. 我认为这样进行下去很不明智。

21.3.3　一些意义不明确的it

有些作宾语的it，并不指具体的东西，意思很含糊，甚至没有意思：

The last train's gone. We'll have to foot it. 最后一班火车已经开了，我们得步行了。

He escaped, and tramped it home, working at odd jobs. 他逃了出来，沿路打零工，像流浪汉似的回到家里。

He likes to lord it over the union staff. 他喜欢对工会下属发号施令。

You may have to rough it a bit if you come to stay. 如果你来住，你可能要过点苦日子。

Leg it to the nearest telephone. 跑到最近的电话亭去打。

I shall have it out with him later. 以后我要和他谈清楚。

He has it over me that he's been to Egypt and I haven't. 他比我强的是他去过埃及而我没去过。

Hang it all, we can't wait all day for them. 见鬼，我们不能一整天都等着他们。

I'm feeling rather off it today. 我今天感到不大舒服。

We'll make a day of it. 我们要玩一整天。