第21章　宾　语 21.4　宾语从句

21.4　宾语从句

21.4.1　由that引导的宾语从句

1) 有大量动词可以跟由that引导的宾语从句（有时that可省略）：

I know she was against us. 我知道她反对我们。

I felt that she had a strong will. 我感到她有坚强的意志。

We suspected that it was a trick to get our money. 我们疑心这是骗我们钱的圈套。

Who can guarantee that he'll keep his word? 谁能保证他会遵守诺言？

She suddenly revealed that she was not married. 她突然透露出她并没有结婚。

He wrote me that his wife was not well. 他给我写信说他妻子身体欠佳。常见的能跟that从句的动词有：

其中有些词后面的连词that常可省略，如believe，suppose，presume，think；在say，see，know，hear，propose，understand和be told后，that可用可不用，但在笔语中不宜省略。

2) 有时可用it作先行宾语，而把从句放到句子后部去：

You can depend upon it, I shall be there. 你放心，我会去那里的。

I feel it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly. 我母亲只好这样没完没了地吃苦受累，我感到太可怕了。

I take it they have left for home. 我猜想他们已经回家了。

Why don't you bring it to his attention that you're too ill to go on working? 你为什么不让他注意到你病得厉害不能继续工作？

I've heard it said that you've won a scholarship. 我听说你获得了一项奖学金。

She has seen to it that all the children are well taken care of. 她已设法让所有孩子都得到很好的照顾。

关于这类结构可参阅第13.3.7和13.4.2节。

21.4.2　由连接代（副）词引导的从句

1) 也有不少动词可跟连接代词或副词引导的从句：

She was curious to know where we had been. 她很想知道我们去了哪里。

Write me how you got home. 写信告诉我你怎么到家的。

She inquired why he had not thought of that before. 她问他为什么以前没想到这一点。

Only you can decide who is the best choice. 只有你能决定谁是最佳人选。

I wonder what you call these flowers. 我想知道你把这些花叫作什么。

常见的这类动词有：

2) whether和if也常可用来引导宾语从句：

I don't know whether you like flowers. 不知道你是否喜欢花。

I'll see whether I can help you. 我会留意我是否能帮助你。

I wonder whether you would mind doing me a favour. 不知你是否介意帮我一个忙。

She didn't say if her aunt was still with them. 她没说她姨母是否还跟他们在一起。

I asked her if I might call and see her. 我问她我是否可以去看她。

I'm wondering if you would care to spend the evening with us. 不知你愿不愿意和我一起共度今宵。

关于这些结构可参阅第13.3.8节。

21.4.3　由关系代词型what引导的从句

1) 关系代词型what引导的从句也常可用作宾语：

Show me what you've bought. 把你买的东西给我看看。

She began to criticize what I had done. 她开始批评我做的事。

We cannot do what you ask of us. 我们不能做你要求我们做的事。

As a friend of yours, I want to tell you what I hear. 作为你的朋友，我想把听到的事告诉你。

He could not express what he felt. 他无法表达内心的感受。

Have you got what you wanted ? 你要的东西得到了吗？

甚至用作介词的宾语（其他从句这样用时是比较少的）：

Don't poke your nose into what doesn't concern you. 别多管闲事。

Can you give us a description of what has happened ? 你能否描述一下发生的事情？

Who is responsible for what has happened ? 发生的事谁负责？

She was shocked by what she had seen. 她看到的情况使她震惊。

They were not affected by what he said. 他的话对他们并无影响。

He was indifferent to what others were doing. 他对别人在做些什么漠不关心。

2) whatever这类词也可引导宾语从句：

I will do whatever you wish. 我将做你想要我做的任何事。

I'll just say whatever comes into my head. 我想到什么就说什么。

Please talk to me about whatever is troubling you. 请给我谈谈任何使你烦心的事。

I always succeed in whatever I try. 我干什么都很成功。

Whatever you want you shall have, said the Fairy. 仙女说，“你要什么就会得到什么？”

She would tell him whatever news she got. 她会把她听到的任何消息告诉他。

You should read whatever book your teacher recommended. 你应该阅读老师推荐的任何书籍。

3) whichever，whomever也可引导宾语从句：

Buy whichever is cheapest. 买最便宜的。

I said he might have whichever he liked. 我说他喜欢哪个就拿哪个。

Take whichever seat you like. 你想坐哪儿就坐哪儿。

They can vote in whichever district they choose. 他们可以随意选择在哪个区投票。

Give it to whomever you like. 你愿意把它给谁就给谁。

She can marry whoever she chooses. 她想和谁结婚就可以和谁结婚。