高中语法专练：ii. 不定式作宾语

ii. 不定式作宾语

1. 只能以不定式作宾语，而不能以动名词作宾语的动词有：

(“希”“望”干) wish, hop, expect, long, desire；

(早“打算”) plan, mean, prepare, attempt, intend;

(“同意”“否”) agree, consent, refuse, decline;

（“寻”“问” 看）seek, ask, beg;

(“选”“定”了) choose, decide, determine, promise;

(“尽”“自愿”) manage, volunteer, tend;

(“称”“失败”) claim, fail;

（“敢”“装蒜”）dare, pretend

We decided to have a meeting this afternoon.

我们决定今天下午开会。

He promised to buy me a present for my birthday.

他承诺给我买个生日礼物。

She pretended to be sleeping when I came in.

我进来的时候她假装在睡觉。

2. 可用于“动词+ it +形容词/名词+ to do sth.结构中的动词：feel, find, make, think, believe,　consider等。

I find it difficult to work with him.

我发现难以和他一起工作。

I believe it best to give up smoking.

我认为最好戒烟。

He thought it a great pity not to have invited her.

他认为没有邀请她是很遗憾的。

3. 后接动词不定式作宾语的形容词有：happy, glad, pleased, sure, ready, anxious, eager, free, afraid, willing等。

He is always ready to help others.

他总是乐于助人。

I am pleased to meet you.

我很高兴认识你。

4. 有些介词后也可以用不定式作宾语，如介词but, about, except, save等。当介词前有行为动词do时，不定式省去to。

I had no choice but to lie down and sleep.

我无可选择只有躺下睡觉。

He did nothing but play yesterday.

昨天他除了玩没有干任何事情。

She would like to do anything except study.

除了学习，她什么都愿意干。

5. “疑问词+不定式”常作下列动词的宾语：decide, find, forget, know, learn, remember, settle, consider, wonder等，疑问词可以是what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which等，why除外。

I don't know what to do next.

我不知道下一步该做什么。

6. 有些双宾语及物动词也可以跟“疑问词+不定式”作直接宾语。

The teacher taught us how to sing the English songs last week.

老师上周教授我们如何唱英语歌曲。

7. 带疑问词的不定式通常也可以作介词的宾语。

Whether we will hold the sports meet next week depends on who to decide it.

我们是否下周开运动会取决于谁决定此事。

专项练习

1. The flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

A. causing

B. being caused

C. to be caused

D. to have been caused

2. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _______ road conditions need _______.

A. that; to be improved

B. which; to be improved

C. where; improving

D. when; improving

3. Remember _______ the magazine when you have finished reading it.

A. putting back

B. having put back

C. to put back

D. will put back

4. —I'm sorry I forgot _______ your dictionary.

—Let's use Li Hua's.

A. to take

B. taking

C. to bring

D. bringing

5. At the moment, Jason is considering _______ next.

A. to do what

B. what to do

C. doing what

D. what doing

6. I first considered _______ to him, but then I decided _______ him.

A. writing; phoning

B. to write; to phone

C. writing; to phone

D. to write; phoning

7. Tom is always forgetting things he has done. Yesterday, he forgot _______ and looked for it everywhere.

A. to post the letter

B. to have the letter posted

C. to having posted the letter

D. having posted the letter

8. You didn't hear us come in last night. We tried _______ noisy.

A. to be not

B. not to be

C. not being

D. being not

9. My brother regretted _______ a lecture given by Prof. Wang.

A. missing

B. to miss

C. missed

D. being missing

10. I regret _______ you that we are unable to offer you a job.

A. informing

B. having informed

C. to inform

D. to informing

11. He felt tired with typing the lecture. So he stopped _______ a short break.

A. having

B. to have

C. taking

D. to taking

12. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _______ their products more competitive.

A. to make

B. making

C. to have made

D. having made

13. She had no choice but _______ in the corner of the room _______.

A. to sit; wept

B. to sit; weeping

C. sit; wept

D. sat; weeping

14. —You have come just in time to help us.

—Fine. What needs _______?

A. I do

B. done

C. to be done

D. to do

15. That evening, he set about _______ the report _______ the next morning.

A. write; to hand in

B. to write; handing in

C. written; to hand in

D. writing; to be handed in

16. There seemed nothing _______ to do but _______ for the doctor.

A. leave; send

B. left; to send

C. left; send

D. leaving; send

17. Do you think it difficult _______ a dolphin _______?

A. to train; jumping

B. training; for jumping

C. to train; jump

D. to train, to jump

18. I prefer _______ rather than _______.

A. to do some reading; watching TV

B. doing some reading; watching TV

C. to do some reading; watch TV

D. doing some reading; to watch TV

19. The two boys pretended _______ very hard, though they did nothing.

A. study

B. studying

C. to be studied

D. to be studying

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