LECTURE 102 基本动词 KEEP 1

LECTURE 102 基本动词 KEEP 1

词组讲解

1. keep 〔have〕 a stiff upper lip **（面对困难）不屈不挠；不露声色，泰然自若

解 习语；词义溯源：保持［坚硬的（stiff）］［上嘴唇（upper lip）］

例 The last thing we need is a soldier who cries!My God, if we let women in the military they'll ruin the tough image of soldiers and destroy the discipline that helps a soldier to keep a stiff upper lip in the face of adversity. Women are too emotional for this kind of work.

2. keep 〔have〕 a straight face **严肃，（故意）不笑，板着面孔

解 习语；词义溯源：保持［严肃的、无表情的脸（straight face）］

例 Iknow you told me to keep a straight face, but when she walked in with that new hairstyle, I just couldn't hold back my laughter. Orange-colored hair? Whatever made her decide to dye her hair orange?

3. keep 〔be〕 abreast of sth. / keep abreast **（与…）并驾齐驱；了解最新信息

解 习语；词义溯源：与某物保持［并行（abreast）］；参照keep up with the times

例 We've all heard the old business adage,“It pays to keep abreast of market trends. ” It's a basic tenet of all retail business marketing. What we don't often hear is that it pays even more to shape the market trends. That is what I'm here to talk to you about today—shaping the market so that it wants exactly what you are prepared to supply.

4. keep at sth. ***坚持做

解 短语动词；词义溯源：继续做

例 NASA has vowed to keep at the task of attaching the Russian's section of the space station to the orbiting laboratory despite intense pressure to give up the project being generated by an onslaught of negative press. All other sections have been successfully attached and the station could be fully operational if not for the flawed design of the Russian module.

5. keep company with sb. **与某人在一起；与某人交往

解 习语；词义溯源：与某人保持［交往、交际（company）］；参照keep sb. company

例 As a parent it is incumbent upon you to take an active interest in the kind of friends your children are keeping company with. Children are impressionable and sometimes go astray just to impress their peers.

巩固练习

(A) keep a stiff upper lip

(B) kept a straight face

(C) keep abreast of

(D) kept at

(E) keep company with

1. A: We worked hard for years to get what we have today. And when our situation was difficult, unpleasant and downright frustrating, we ______ it so that you could have all the nice things in life. B: I know you and Mom persevered, Dad. But I just don't have the same strong will to continue trying when my situation is unpleasant or after failure. I'm not as strong as you and Mom. Sorry if that disappoints you.

2. A: As a bodyguard you will be expected to never show fear or emotion and never complain no matter how difficult or unpleasant your assignment is. B: Yes, sir. You can count on me to ______, sir.

3. A: Miro, do you have a minute? I need to talk to you about the people you associate with in your free time. B: Is there a problem? I assure you, I ______ only reputable people. If you've heard otherwise, let me assure you it's not true.

4. A: How did you manage to remain serious and avoid laughing when you noticed President Chen's zipper was open? I would have burst out laughting. B: I ______ by not looking—but inside I was laughing hilariously.

5. A: While you were serving as a volunteer doctor in Mongolia, how did you ______ developments in your field? B: Oh, my colleagues sent me articles from the New England Journal of Medicine, so I always knew the latest facts and ideas in surgery.

■ ANSWER

1. (D)

2. (A)

3. (E)

4. (B)

5. (C)

参考译文

I. 1. 我们绝对不要爱哭的士兵！上帝啊，如果让女人参军的话，她们就会毁掉士兵刚强的形象，破坏让士兵们在面对逆境时仍顽强不屈的纪律。女人太多愁善感了，不适合从事这个职业。

2. 我知道你叫我严肃，但是当她一头新发型走进来的时候，我再也憋不住笑了。橘黄色的头发？她到底为什么决定把头发染成橘黄色？

3. 我们都听说过那句流传已久的商业箴言：“紧跟市场潮流，总会有所回报。”这是零售行业营销的基本原则。但是我们很少知道，引导市场潮流能得到更多回报。这便是我今天要讲的内容——引导市场，而后你供应什么，市场便需要什么。

4. 尽管媒体的负面消息强烈抨击，向美国国家航空和航天局施压，令其放弃该项目，但其依然郑重宣布将继续坚持与俄罗斯部分的空间站与轨道实验室对接。其他部分已成功完成对接，如果不是俄罗斯模块的设计有缺陷的话，空间站便能完全运行。

5. 作为一名家长，积极关注孩子们正在交往什么样的朋友是你义不容辞的责任。孩子们很容易受影响，有时候会因为想让同伴对其印象深刻而误入歧途。

II. 1. A：我们经过多年努力才拥有了今天的一切。当我们面对困难、失意、彻底绝望的时候，我们继续坚持，所以你才能有这么好的生活条件。B：爸爸，我知道您和妈妈坚持不懈，但是当我面临失意或者经历挫折时，我没有那么坚强的意志继续尝试。我没有您和妈妈那么坚强。如果让你们失望的话，我很抱歉。

2. A：作为保镖，不论你的任务有多困难或多让你讨厌，你都不应该表现出恐惧或有情绪，并且永远不要抱怨。B：是，先生。您可以放心，我绝对意志坚定。

3. A：米罗，你有没有时间？我想跟你谈谈你闲暇时交往的那些人。B：有什么问题吗？我可以向你保证，我所交往的人都是好人。如果你听说了什么，我保证那都不是真的。

4. A：你看到陈总的拉链没拉的时候，怎么还能保持严肃，没有笑出来？如果是我，我会忍不住笑出来的。B：我转移视线才忍住没笑出来——但我心里却在笑个不停。

5. A：你在蒙古当志愿医生的时候，怎样做到能跟上医学领域的发展呢？B：哦，我同事给我寄《新英格兰医学杂志》上的文章，所以我能一直了解外科手术方面的最新成果和理念。