46 LAY: 放（搁），放置，置于；下蛋；制定；

46 LAY: 放（搁），放置，置于；下蛋；制定；设置（陷阱）；归咎；过分夸大；使躺下；使处于…状态；处置

词组讲解

1. lay a finger on sb. or sth. ** 触碰；触犯；动手打

解 习语；词义溯源：将［手指（finger）］放在某人或某物上；参照 put one's finger on sth.

例 If you ever lay a finger on my daughter again, I swear I will have you killed!

2. lay an egg ** 下蛋；（说笑话、表演等）完全失败

解 〈口〉习语；词义溯源：下蛋

例 The director must accept all blame when his production lays an egg.

3. lay down one's life for sb. or sth. ** 为…而牺牲；为…献出生命

解 习语；词义溯源：将自己的生命置于某人或某物之下；这里lay down的意思是“放弃，放下”

例 Brad's father had laid down his life for the city as a police officer killed on duty.

4. lay down the law ** 言辞命令；批评，指责；制定法律；规定

解 〈口〉习语；词义溯源：制定［规则、法律（law）］

例 This booklet, titled Rules for Living Together in Harmony, lays down the law for all students living in the school's dormitories.

Judge Grant is known to lay down the law in cases involving domestic violence.

5. lay for sb. *** 藏起来等待；准备攻击

解 短语动词；词义溯源：［为了（for）］抓到某人而设置（陷阱）

例 What he didn't know was that two police officers were laying for him in the lobby.

6. lay hold of sb. or sth. ** 控制；抓住

解 〈口〉习语；词义溯源：将［紧握（hold）］（的力气）放在某人或某物上

例 Just as the shoplifter left the store, a detective laid hold of her and took her back inside.

7. lay into sb. or sth. *** 猛烈攻击；批评，痛斥

解 短语动词；词义溯源：归咎于某人或某物

例 His wife used to lay into him for wasting so much money.

8. lay 〔pour, spread〕 it on thick ** 夸张；拼命恭维；过分责备

解 习语；词义溯源：过分夸大某事

例 If you want to praise me, don't lay it on so thick. I'm always suspicious of profuse compliments.

9. lay off sb. or sth. / lay off *** 停止（打扰等）；不再做某事

解 短语动词；词义溯源：将某人或某物放置［开（off）］

例 I would appreciate it if you would lay off my stereo. I have it set just the way I like it, so don't bother it.

10. lay over *** （旅途中）暂时在某地逗留；等待换乘；推迟；胜过

解 短语动词；词义溯源：使躺在［那边（over）］休息

例 It's not a direct flight. You have to lay over in Singapore for one night.

11. lay sb. off / lay off sb. *** 解雇

解 短语动词；词义溯源：使某人处于［离开（off）］工作岗位的状态

例 Rather than lay off workers, we will stop hiring replacements for those who retire.

12. lay sb. or sth. away *** 埋葬；把某人或某物放在一边；为顾客存留商品；储蓄

解 短语动词；词义溯源：将某人或某物［另外（away）］处置；参照put sb. or sth. away

例 By Jewish tradition, a person must be laid away within 24 hours of his death.

If you don't have the money now, just lay the suit away and pay for it later.

13. lay sb. or sth. out / lay out sb. or sth. *** 展开，陈列；安排，设计；花费（大笔钱）；打倒，打晕；批评；陈殓；说明或解释（行动、计划）

解 短语动词；词义溯源：将某人或某物放在［外边（out）］

例 In many cultures the deceased person is laid out for family and friends to see. Be prepared to lay out a lot of money if you want to attend medical school.

The hit laid him out for several minutes.

Foster's wife laid him out for coming home drunk.

Hi-Tech Inc. laid out its development plans at a news conference yesterday.

14. lay sb. up / lay up sb. *** （因病）不能工作；卧病在床

解 短语动词；词义溯源：使某人躺在［上面（up）］

例 With both the leading actor and her understudy laid up, the show was cancelled.

15. lay sth. down / lay down sth. *** 放下；制定

解 短语动词；词义溯源：将某物放下；参照 lay down one's life for sb. or sth. 和lay down the law

例 He quickly laid down the newspaper he was reading on his desk next to his coffee.

16. lay sth. in / lay in sth. *** 储存，储藏

解 短语动词；词义溯源：将某物放在［里面（in）］

例 Tom says he can lay in two barrels of heating oil for this winter.

17. lay sth. on sb. *** 针对某人进行（责难、问罪、辱骂等）

解 短语动词；词义溯源：将某物放在某人身上

例 Pete tried to lay the accident on me, but I fought back by blaming him.

18. lay sth. to waste / lay waste to sth. ** 让某物荒废；使某物成废墟

解 习语；词义溯源：使某物处于［荒废的（waste）］状态

例 In a matter of minutes the hurricane laid waste to what had taken years to build.

19. lay sth. up / lay up sth. *** 储藏；使（车、船等）闲置不用

解 短语动词；词义溯源：将某物放在上面

例 In the fall we would lay up jars of fruit and vegetables for winter use.

Our old 1954 Cadillac has been laid up in grandpa's barn for over 20 years.

参考译文

1. 如果你再敢碰我女儿一根手指头，我发誓我会杀了你！

2. 导演的作品彻底失败了，他不得不承担所有责任。

3. 布拉德的警官父亲在执行公务时牺牲了，为这座城市献出了自己的生命。

4. 这本名为《和谐相处规则》的小册子是所有住校生需要遵守的规定。

格兰特法官非常著名，他在处理家庭暴力案件方面非常权威。

5. 他不知道有两位警官正在大厅里埋伏着等他。

6. 正当扒手走出商店时，一名侦探抓住了她，并把她带回到商店。

7. 他的妻子过去常常责备他太浪费钱。

8. 如果你想表扬我，别把我吹捧得太高。我对过度的表扬总会产生怀疑。

9. 如果你不去碰我的立体声音响，我会非常感激。我把它设置成了我喜欢的模式，所以别再动它了。

10. 这不是直飞航线。你中途要在新加坡停留一晚上。

11. 我们不打算辞退工人，我们将不再招聘新人来填补退休人员留下的空位。

12. 根据犹太人的传统，一个人死后24个小时内必须下葬。

如果你现在没有钱，那就先把西装放在一边，稍后再来付款。

13. 在许多文化中，故去的人会被陈殓供家人和朋友瞻仰。

如果你想上医学院的话，得准备花一大笔钱。

挨的那一下让他昏过去几分钟。

福斯特的妻子因为他醉醺醺地回家而斥责了他。

尖端科技公司在昨天的新闻发布会上提出了他们的发展计划。

14. 主演和替身都卧病在床，所以演出被取消了。

15. 他迅速把正在看的报纸放在桌上的咖啡旁。

16. 汤姆说，他可以为今年冬天储存两桶取暖用油。

17. 皮特试图把事故的责任推到我身上，但是我通过指责他而进行了回击。

18. 在几分钟之内，飓风使花费数年建成的建筑变为一片废墟。

19. 秋天的时候，我们会储存果酱和蔬菜用于冬季食用。

我们那辆1954年的老凯迪拉克在爷爷的车库里搁置了20多年。