演讲MP3+双语文稿:感谢所有为我早上的咖啡负责的人
听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:感谢所有为我早上的咖啡负责的人，希望你会喜欢！
【演讲者及介绍】A.J. Jacobs
A.J. Jacobs让自己沉浸在另一种生活方式和滑稽的实验中(通常他自己就是实验对象)，测试行为、习俗和文化的极限，并汇报他所获得的智慧和实用知识。
【演讲主题】我要感谢所有为我早上的咖啡负责的人
【中英文字幕】
翻译者 psjmz mz 校对者 Hanlin Wang
00:12
So, I don't like to boast, but I am verygood at finding things to be annoyed about. It is a real specialty of mine. Ican hear 100 compliments and a single insult, and what do I remember? Theinsult. And according to the research, I'm not alone.
我不喜欢自吹自擂，但我非常擅长发现令人烦恼的东西。我对此非常在行。在听到100句赞美和1句侮辱后，我会记住什么？那句侮辱。研究表明，不是只有我一个人这样。
00:32
Unfortunately, the human brain is wired tofocus on the negative. Now, this might have been helpful when we were cavepeople, trying to avoid predators, but now it's a terrible way to go throughlife. It is a real major component of anxiety and depression.
不幸的是，人类大脑天生就会关注消极的事情。当我们居住在洞穴时，这可能会帮助我们躲开捕食者，但如今这却是很糟糕的生活方式。它是焦虑和抑郁的主要组成部分。
00:52
So how can we fight the brain's negativebias? According to a lot of research, one of the best weapons is gratitude. Soknowing this, I started a new tradition in our house a couple of years ago.Before a meal with my wife and kids, I would say a prayer of thanksgiving.Prayer is not quite the right word. I'm agnostic, so instead of thanking God, Iwould thank some of the people who helped make my food a reality. I'd say,"I'd like to thank the farmer who grew these tomatoes, and the trucker whodrove these tomatoes to the store, and the cashier who rang these tomatoesup."
那我们如何跟大脑的负面偏见做斗争呢？大量的研究认为，最好的武器之一是感恩。知道这点后，几年前我在家养成了一个新的习惯。在与妻子和儿女开始吃饭前，我会做感恩祈祷。祈祷也许不是非常准确的词。我是不可知论者，所以我的感谢对象不是上帝，而是那些帮助把食品送到餐桌上的人们。我会说：“我感谢种这些西红柿的农民，感谢把西红柿送到商店的司机，还有把西红柿包装起来的收银员。”
01:35
And I thought it was going pretty well,this tradition. Then one day, my 10-year-old son said, "You know, Dad,those people aren't in our apartment. They can't hear you. If you really cared,you would go and thank them in person." And I thought, "Hmm. That'san interesting idea."
我觉得这个习惯挺好的。之后有一天，我10岁的儿子说，“你知道吗，爸爸，这些人不在我们家里。他们听不到你的感恩。如果你发自真心，你应该当面感谢他们。”我想，“嗯，这是个有趣的主意。”
01:53
(Laughter)
（笑声）
01:54
Now I'm a writer, and for my books I liketo go on adventures. Go on quests. So I decided I'm going to take my son up onhis challenge. It seemed simple enough. And to make it even simpler, I decidedto focus on just one item. An item I can't live without: my morning cup ofcoffee. Well, it turned out to be not so simple at all.
我现在是个作家，我为了写书愿意去冒险。完成任务。于是我决定带上我儿子去挑战。这似乎很简单。为了更精简，我决定专注在一件事物上。这个在我的生活中必不可缺的事物：我早上喝的咖啡。结果这场冒险一点都不简单。
02:20
(Laughter)
（笑声）
02:21
This quest took me months. It took mearound the world. Because I discovered that my coffee would not be possiblewithout hundreds of people I take for granted. So I would thank the trucker whodrove the coffee beans to the coffee shop. But he couldn't have done his jobwithout the road. So I would thank the people who paved the road.
这个任务花了我几个月的时间环游世界。因为我发现如果没有那几百个我本认为理应各司其职的人，咖啡就不可能被送到我手中。所以我感谢卡车司机，因为他把咖啡豆运到咖啡店。但如果没有道路，他的工作就没法完成。所以我会感谢铺路的人。
02:44
(Laughter)
（笑声）
02:45
And then I would thank the people who madethe asphalt for the pavement. And I came to realize that my coffee, like somuch else in the world, requires the combined work of a shocking number ofpeople from all walks of life. Architects, biologists, designers, miners, goatherds, you name it.
然后我会感谢那些为路制造沥青的人。我开始意识到，咖啡就像世界其他事物一样，需要来自各行各业众多的人协力合作，才能送到我手中。建筑师，生物学家，设计师，矿工，牧羊人，凡是你能说出的所有职业。
03:10
I decided to call my project "Thanks aThousand." Because I ended up thanking over a thousand people. And it wasoverwhelming, but it was also wonderful. Because it allowed me to focus on thehundreds of things that go right every day, as opposed to the three or fourthat go wrong. And it reminded me of the astounding interconnectedness or ourworld. I learned dozens of lessons during this project, but let me just focuson five today.
我决定把我的项目叫做“感谢千人”。因为我最后感谢了一千人。这个项目让人精疲力尽，但也非常美妙。因为它让我开始关注每天数百个正常运转的事情，而不是三四个出错的事情。它提醒我这个世界中惊人的互联性。我在这项任务中学到了很多东西，但今天我想给你们讲其中五点。
03:43
The first is: look up. I started my trailof gratitude by thanking the barista at my local coffee shop, Joe Coffee in NewYork. Her name is Chung, and Chung is one of the most upbeat people you willever meet. Big smiler, enthusiastic hugger. But even for Chung, being a baristais hard. And that's because you are encountering people in a very dangerousstate.
第一点是：抬头看。我首先感谢了我家附近咖啡店的咖啡师，纽约的乔咖啡。她的名字叫钟，钟是你能遇到的最乐观的人之一。笑容灿烂，热情四射。但即使对她来说，做咖啡师也不容易。因为你遇到的人都处于非常危险的状态。
04:11
(Laughter)
（笑声）
04:12
You know what it is -- precaffeination.
你们知道这是什么意思——咖啡因摄入前。
04:15
(Laughter)
（笑声）
04:17
So, Chung has had people yell at her untilshe cried, including a nine-year-old girl, who didn't like the whipped creamdesign that Chung did on her hot chocolate. So I thanked Chung, and she thankedme for thanking her. I cut it off there. I didn't want to go into an infinitethanking loop.
钟曾遇到对她大喊大叫，直到把她弄哭的人，其中包括一位9岁的小女孩，她不喜欢钟在热巧克力上做的奶油设计。所以我感谢了钟，她也感谢了我对她的感恩。我从这里打住了。我不想进入无休止的感谢循环。
04:37
(Laughter)
（笑声）
04:39
But Chung said that the hardest part iswhen people don't even treat her like a human being. They treat her like avending machine. So, they'll hand her their credit card without even looking upfrom their phone. And while she's saying this, I'm realizing I've done that.I've been that a-hole. And at that moment, I pledged: when dealing with people,I'm going to take those two seconds and look at them, make eye contact. Becauseit reminds you, you're dealing with a human being who has family andaspirations and embarrassing high school memories. And that little moment ofconnection is so important to both people's humanity and happiness.
但钟说最困难的时候是当人们不把她当人类看时。他们把她看作自动售货机。人们递给她信用卡时，甚至眼睛都不离开手机。当她说到这儿时，我意识到我也这样做过。我就是那个混蛋。在那一刻，我发誓：和人打交道时，我会用两秒钟看着他们，做眼神接触。因为这提醒你，你是在与人打交道，对方也有家人，有梦想，有高中时期的尴尬回忆。这一片刻的连接对人性和幸福感都非常重要。
05:26
Alright, second lesson was: smell theroses. And the dirt. And the fertilizer. After Chung, I thanked this man. Thisis Ed Kaufmann. And Ed is the one who chooses which coffee they serve at mylocal coffee shop. He goes around the world, to South America, to Africa,finding the best coffee beans. So I thanked Ed. And in return, Ed showed me howto taste coffee like a pro. And it is quite a ritual. You take your spoon andyou dip it in the coffee and then you take a big, loud slurp. Almostcartoonishly loud. This is because you want to spray the coffee all over yourmouth. You have taste buds in the side of your cheeks, in the roof of yourmouth, you've got to get them all. So Ed would do this and he would -- his facewould light up and he would say, "This coffee tastes of Honeycrisp appleand notes of soil and maple syrup." And I would take a sip and I'd say,"I'm picking up coffee.
第二点是：闻一闻玫瑰花香，泥土和肥料。在钟之后，我感谢了这位男士。他叫埃德·考夫曼。埃德是负责挑选哪种咖啡能在本地咖啡店出售的人。他环游全球，从南美，到非洲，只为寻找最好的咖啡豆。所以我感谢了埃德。作为回报，埃德向我展示了如何像专家一样品尝咖啡。这就好像是一种仪式。你拿起勺子，将它浸在咖啡中，然后声音响亮地喝一口。就像卡通片里面那样响亮。这是因为你需要让口腔内充满咖啡。你的脸颊两侧有味蕾，在口腔顶部，你要让它们都尝到。所以埃德会这样品尝咖啡，然后——他的神情会明亮起来，他会说，“这种咖啡有甜脆苹果，还有泥土和枫糖浆的味道。”而我会喝一小口就说，“我尝到了咖啡的味道，
06:35
(Laughter)
（笑声）
06:37
It tastes to me like coffee."
它喝起来就像咖啡。”
06:39
(Laughter)
（笑声）
06:41
But inspired by Ed, I decided to really letthe coffee sit on my tongue for five seconds -- we're all busy, but I couldspare five seconds, and really think about the texture and the acidity and thesweetness. And I started to do it with other foods. And this idea of savoringis so important to gratitude. Psychologists talk about how gratitude is abouttaking a moment and holding on to it as long as possible. And slowing downtime. So that life doesn't go by in one big blur, as it often does.
受埃德启发，我决定让咖啡在我的舌尖萦绕5秒——我们都很忙，但我可以空出5秒，仔细体会它的质地，酸度和甜度。然后我开始在其他食物上也做这样的尝试。这种品尝的想法对于感恩是非常重要的。心理学家所认为的感恩就是花点时间，尽可能长时间地保持，然后放慢时间。这样生活就不会像往常一样糊涂度过。
07:21
Number three is: find the hiddenmasterpieces all around you. Now, one of my favorite conversations during thisyear was with the guy who invented my coffee cup lid. And until this point, Ihad given approximately zero thought to coffee cup lids. But I loved talking tothis inventor, Doug Fleming, because he was so passionate. And the blood andsweat and tears he put into this lid, and that I had never even considered. Hesays a bad lid can ruin your coffee. That it can block the aroma, which is soimportant to the experience. So he -- he's very innovative. He's like the ElonMusk of coffee lids.
第三点是：发现隐藏在你周围的杰作。我今年最喜爱的一次交谈是与咖啡杯盖的发明者的谈话。在那之前，我几乎从没考虑过咖啡杯盖。但我喜欢和发明它的道格·弗莱明交谈，因为他充满激情。他倾注在这个盖子上的热血，汗水和泪水，而在之前我从没有考虑到。他说一个糟糕的杯盖可能会毁掉你的咖啡。它能阻隔气味，而气味对体验是非常重要的。他非常有创新精神。他对于咖啡杯盖来说就是埃隆·马斯克。
08:03
(Laughter)
（笑声）
08:04
So he designed this lid that's got anupside-down hexagon so you can get your nose right in there and get maximumaroma. And so I was delighted talking to him, and it made me realize there arehundreds of masterpieces all around us that we totally take for granted. Likethe on-off switch on my desk lamp has a little indentation for my thumb thatperfectly fits my thumb. And when something is done well, the process behind itis largely invisible. But paying attention to it can tap into that sense ofwonder and enrich our lives.
他设计了一个倒置六边形的盖子，这样你的鼻子就能凑过去最大程度地闻到香气。我很高兴和他交谈，这让我意识到我们周围存在着数百个杰作，而我们根本没意识到它们的伟大之处。就像桌上的台灯开关有个小小的凹痕，正好能贴合我的拇指。当事情完美运作时，背后的付出几乎是不可见的。但关注这些细节可以产生一种奇妙的感觉能够丰富我们的生活。
08:44
Number four is: fake it till you feel it.By the end of the project, I was just in a thanking frenzy. So I was -- I wouldget up and spend a couple hours, I'd write emails, send notes, make phonecalls, visit people to thank them for their role in my coffee. And some ofthem, quite honestly -- not that into it. They would be like, "What isthis? Is this a pyramid scheme, what do you want, what are you selling?"But most people were surprisingly moved. I remember, I called the woman whodoes the pest control for the warehouse where my coffee is served -- I'm sorry-- where my coffee is stored. And I said, "This may sound strange, but Iwant to thank you for keeping the bugs out of my coffee." And she said,"Well, that does sound strange, but you just made my day." And it waslike an anti-crank phone call. And it didn't just affect her, it affected me.Because I would wake up every morning in my default mood, which is grumpiness,but I would force myself to write a thank-you note and then another and thenanother. And what I found was that if you act as if you're grateful, youeventually become grateful for real. The power of our actions to change ourmind is astounding. So, often we think that thought changes behavior, butbehavior very often changes our thought.
第四点是：在真正感受到之前仍要假装感受到。在这个项目结束时，我只是在疯狂地感谢。我会花上几个小时，发邮件，邮便笺，打电话，拜访人们，以感谢他们为我的咖啡所做的贡献。他们中一些人，非常诚实——没那么喜欢这种形式。他们的反应是，“这是什么？这是传销吗，你想要什么，你想卖什么东西？”但多数人还是被惊喜感动了。我记得我打电话给那位咖啡仓库里做害虫防控的女士——抱歉——存放咖啡的仓库。我说，“这听来有点奇怪，但我想要谢谢你没让害虫吃掉我的咖啡。”她说，“好吧，这确实听着奇怪，但你让我很开心。”这有点像防诈骗电话。这不仅感染了她，也感染了我自己。因为我每天早上都会在默认情绪中醒来，那就是暴躁，但我会强迫自己写下感谢纸条，一条接着一条。我发现如果你表现得很感激，你最终真的会变得感激。行动改变思想的力量非常惊人。我们往往认为思想改变行动，但行为往往也能改变我们的思想。
10:22
And finally, the last lesson I want to tellyou about is: practice six degrees of gratitude. And every place, every stop onthis gratitude trail would give birth to 100 other people that I could thank.So I went down to Colombia to thank the farmers who grow my coffee beans. Andit was in a small mountain town, and I was driven there along these curvy,cliffside roads. And every time we went around a hairpin turn the driver woulddo the sign of the cross. And I was like, "Thank you for that.
最后，我学到的一点是：实践六度感恩。在这条感恩之路的每一个地方，每一站，都会出现另外100个我可以感谢的人。我来到哥伦比亚去感谢种咖啡豆的农民。目的地位于一座小山城中，我乘车沿着很多弯曲，陡峭的山路前进。每次我们碰到急转弯，司机都会做食指中指交叉的手势。而我的反应是，“谢谢”。
11:02
(Laughter)
（笑声）
11:04
But can you do that while keeping yourhands on the wheel? Because I am terrified." But we made it. And I met thefarmers, the Guarnizo brothers. It's a small farm, they make great coffee,they're paid above fair-trade prices for it. And they showed me how the coffeeis grown. The bean is actually inside this fruit called the coffee cherry. AndI thanked them. And they said, "Well, we couldn't do our job without 100other people." The machine that depulps the fruit is made in Brazil, andthe pickup truck they drive around the farm, that is made from parts from allover the world. In fact, the US exports steel to Colombia. So I went toIndiana, and I thanked the steel makers. And it just drove home that it doesn'ttake a village to make a cup of coffee. It takes the world to make a cup ofcoffee.
“但你能不能同时两手放在方向盘上？因为我被吓到了。”但我们顺利到达了。我见到了那里的农民，戈阿尼佐兄弟。这是一个小农场，他们的咖啡非常棒，人们会用高于市价的价格购买他们的咖啡。他们向我展示了咖啡是如何种植的。咖啡豆其实是在一种叫咖啡果的水果里面长的。我感谢了他们。他们说，“如果没有另外100个人，我们也做不了我们的工作。”分离果实的机器是巴西制造的，他们在农场开的载货小卡车，是由来自世界各地的零件制造的。事实上，美国也向哥伦比亚出口了钢铁。所以我来到印第安纳，我感谢了钢铁制造商。而这还让我了解到了制作一杯咖啡不止需要一个村庄。需要全世界的力量才能做出一杯咖啡。
12:05
And this global economy, thisglobalization, it does have downsides. But I believe the long-term upsides arefar greater, that progress is real. We have made improvements in the last 50years, poverty worldwide has gone down. And that we should resist thetemptation to retreat into our silos. And we should resist this upsurge inisolationism and jingoism.
这种全球经济，全球化，它确实有不足。但我相信，长期的好处要大得多，这种进步是真实的。我们在过去50年间取得了进步，全球贫困水平下降了。我们应该遏制退回到固步自封的诱惑。我们应该抵制这种孤立主义和沙文主义的高涨。
12:36
Which brings me to my final point. Which ismy hope that we use gratitude as a spark to action. Some people worry thatgratitude has a downside. That we'll be so grateful, that we'll be complacent.We'll be so, "Oh, everything's wonderful, I'm so grateful." Well, itturns out, the opposite is true. The research shows that the more grateful youare, the more likely you are to help others. When you're in a bad state, you'reoften more focused on your own needs. But gratitude makes you want to pay itforward. And I experienced this personally. I mean, I'm not Mother Teresa, I'mstill a selfish bastard a huge amount of the time. But I'm better than I wasbefore this project. And that's because it made me aware of the exploitation onthe supply chain. It reminded me that what I take for granted is not availableto millions of people around the world.
这就引出了我最后一个观点。我希望我们可以使用感恩来激励行动。有些人担心感恩有负面作用。我们太感恩，就会变得自满。我们会说，“哦，一切都很好，我满怀感激。”事实证明，恰恰相反。研究显示你越感恩，你越可能帮助别人。当你身处糟糕的境地，你往往更关注你自己的需求。但感恩之情会让你继续下去。我个人亲身体验过。我意思是，我不是特蕾莎修女，很多时候我还是个自私的混蛋。但我比开始这个项目前好多了。因为它让我认识到供应链的开发。它提醒我那些我认为理所当然的东西如果没有全球上百万人就不可能存在。
13:40
Like water. Coffee is 98.8 percent water.So I figured I should go and thank the people at the New York reservoir,hundreds of them, who provide me water, and this miracle that I can turn alever and get safe water. And that millions of people around the world don'thave this luxury and have to walk hours to get safe water. It inspired me tosee what I could do to help people get more access, and I did research andfound a wonderful group called Dispensers for Safe Water. And I got involved.And I'm not expecting the Nobel Prize committee to knock down my door, but it'sa baby step, it's a little something. And it's all because of gratitude. Andit's why I encourage people, friends, family, to follow gratitude trails oftheir own. Because it's a life-transforming experience.
比如水。咖啡98.8%的成分是水。所以我想我应该去感谢在纽约水库工作的人们，为我们提供水的数百个人，还有扭转水龙头就能得到安全的水的奇迹。全球数百万人并没有这种奢侈，他们要走上几个小时才能获得安全的水。这启发我思考，能做些什么去给人们提供更多饮水途径，我研究了一下并找到了一个很棒的组织，叫做安全水配送员。我参与了其中。我不期待诺贝尔评审员敲我的门，但这是个开始，这是件有意义的小事。这全是因为感恩。这也是我为什么鼓励大家，朋友，家人，去追寻他们自己的感恩之路。因为这是一次改变人生的体验。
14:34
And it doesn't have to be coffee. It couldbe anything. It could be a pair of socks, it could be a light bulb. And youdon't have to go around the world, you can just do a little gesture, like makeeye contact or send a note to the designer of a logo you love. It's more abouta mindset. Being aware of the thousands of people involved in every littlething we do. Remembering that there's someone in a factory who made the fabricfor the chairs you're sitting in right now. That someone went into a mine andgot the copper for this microphone so that I could say my final thank you,which is to thank you. Thank you a thousand for listening to my story.
它不一定是咖啡。它可以是任何事情。它可以是一双袜子，一个灯泡。你不需要环球旅行，你只需要一个小小的动作，比如做眼神接触，给你喜爱的标志设计师发个邮件。这更关乎心态，意识到有数百人参与进我们的每一件小事中。记住，是工厂里的某个人制作了你的椅垫，是某人开采的铜制作了这个话筒。我最后的一声谢谢，是要送给你们。谢谢你们听我的故事。
15:18
(Applause)
（鼓掌）
15:20
(Cheering)
（欢呼）
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