演讲MP3+双语文稿:你为什么应该关注气候变化
听力课堂TED音频栏目主要包括TED演讲的音频MP3及中英双语文稿，供各位英语爱好者学习使用。本文主要内容为演讲MP3+双语文稿:你为什么应该关注气候变化，希望你会喜欢！
【演讲者及介绍】Luisa Neubauer
路易莎·纽鲍尔——气候活动家、作家和“Friday for future”学校罢工运动的领导人。
【演讲主题】为什么你也应该成为气候活动者
【中英文字幕】
Translated by Harper Zhang. Reviewed by Nan Yang.
00:13
I never planned to become a climateactivist. But things have changed, and now, standing here as a climateactivist, I ask you all to become one, too. Here's why, and most importantly,how.
我从没打算成为气候活动者。但情况有变，现在，我作为气候活动者站在这里，并请求大家也成为其中的一员。接下来是为什么，以及最重要的，怎么做。
00:31
Ten years ago, when I was 13 years old, Ifirst learned about the greenhouse effect. Back then, we spent 90 minutes onthis issue, and I remember finding it quite irritating that something sofundamental would be squeezed into a single geography lesson. Some of thisirritation remained, so when I graduated from high school, I decided to studygeography, just to make sure I was on the right track with this whole climatechange thing.
十年前，我十三岁的时候，第一次听说温室效应。当时，我们在这个问题上只花了九十分钟，我记得特别生气，因为这么重大的问题，竟然被压缩成了一堂地理课。我的怒气一直没消退，所以为了确保我紧随整个气候变化的情况，当我从高中毕业后，我决定攻读地理学。
01:02
And this is when everything changed. Thiswas the first time I looked at the data, at the science behind the climatecrisis, and I couldn't believe what I was reading. Like many of you, I thoughtthat the planet wasn't really in a good state. I had no idea that we arerushing into this self-made disaster in such a rapid pace. There was also thefirst time I understood what difference it makes when you consider the biggerpicture. Take the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, for instance, the numberone driver for global warming. And this is just one aspect of the crisis we'reseeing. I'm not going to get into details here, but let me tell you so much: weare in a point of history that the most destructive force on the planet ishumanity itself. We are in a point of history that no scientist could guaranteeyou that you will survive this. We are in a point of history that humanity iscreating an environment that's not safe for humans anymore.
一切就此改变。当我第一次观察数据，看到气候危机背后的科学时，我无法相信我所看到的。像你们中的很多人一样，我觉得地球的状况并不是很好。但我完全不知道，我们正如此迅速地奔向自造的大灾难。那也是我第一次认识到站在更大的维度 看问题是多么不同。以大气中二氧化碳浓度为例—— 全球变暖的第一元凶。而这仅仅是气候危机的 其中一个方面。我不打算阐述细节，但让我这样告诉各位： 在这个历史时刻，地球上大部分的破坏力 来自人类自身。在这个历史时刻，没有科学家能保证你会存活。在这个历史时刻，人类制造着一个威胁自身的环境。
02:33
Yeah, there I was, first year of geography,and felt pretty overwhelmed. But ... there was good news. The very same year Ifirst learned about all this, leaders from across the globe came together inParis to decide on the common target to limit global warming to below twodegrees. Pictures went around the world, and I was told that history was madethat day. How relieving, right?
是的，这就是我第一年学习地理时 窒息无力的感受。但—— 还是发生了好事情的。就在同一年，世界各国的领袖齐聚巴黎，设定了共同的目标，限制全球变暖不超过两度。会议的照片传遍世界。人们告诉我，历史在那天创造。很安慰人心，对吧？
03:05
Except ... something didn't quite work outabout this. After this agreement was signed, things didn't really get better.Actually, they got much worse. Decision makers and industries, leaders andpoliticians, they went back to business as usual, exploiting our livelihoodslike there is literally no tomorrow, building coal power plants again andagain, even though we know that needs to stop, according to the ParisAgreement.
但是——事态的发展并不如人意。目标协定签署后，情况并没有好转。事实上，变得更糟了。决策制定者、工业界、国家领袖和政客，他们开完会回去照常办产业，像是没有明天一样贪婪榨取我们的生计，建造一座又一座的火力发电站，即便他们明知《巴黎协议》上这些行为是被禁止的。
03:43
So while there are also good developments,of course -- there are installations of wind and solar energy all over theglobe, yes -- but these positive changes are slow -- too slow, in fact. Sosince the Paris Agreement was signed, climate graphs keep racing to the top,smashing records every year. The five hottest years ever recorded were theprevious five years, and at no time have global emissions been higher thantoday.
诚然，有一些好的发展——风能和太阳能发电设施在全球逐渐增加，但这些积极的变化很慢——太慢了。所以，《巴黎协议》签署后，气候恶化的趋势依然向上飙升，每年都在刷新记录。记载中最热的五年，就是过去这五年，如今的全球温室气体排放量达到历史最高。
04:15
So there I was, seeing and understandingthe science on the one side, but not seeing answers, not seeing the action, onthe other side. At that point, I had enough. I wanted to go to the UN ClimateConference myself, that very place that was created to bring people together tofix the climate -- except not really, apparently. This was last year. Itraveled to the Climate Conference and wanted to find out what this is reallylike, what this is about. For political realists, this might be no surprise,but I found it hard to bear: that fossil fuel industries and political leadersare doing everything, everything to prevent real change from happening. Theyare not keen to set targets that are ambitious enough to put us on abelow-two-degree pathway. After all, these are the only ones who benefit fromthis climate crisis, right? The fossil fuel industry generates profits, andpolitical leaders, well, they look at the next election, at what makes thempopular, and I guess that's not asking the inconvenient questions. There is nointention for them to change the game. There is no country in the world whereeither companies or political powers are sanctioned for wrecking the climate.
所以，一方面，我接触并理解着这一切的科学原理，另一方面我却没有看到答案和行动。因此，我受够了。我决定亲自去联合国气候大会，那个为聚人类之力以应对气候问题 而生的组织—— 显然它没做到。去年，我前往联合国气候大会 探寻到底发生了什么。对于政治现实主义者，这可能并不很惊讶，但我感到难以忍受：化石燃料产业和政治领袖们正在尽一切可能 避免发生真正的改变。他们并不热衷于 设定野心勃勃的目标 来实现每年低于两度暖化的目标。毕竟，他们是气候危机的 唯一受益者，不是吗？ 化石燃料产业产生着大量利润，领袖们紧盯着下一次选举，只顾着让自己受欢迎，更不可能去问令人为难的问题。他们并不打算改变局势。毕竟世界上没有任何一个国家的企业或政府，因为破坏气候而受到制裁。
05:46
With all the strangeness and the sadnessabout this conference, there was one someone who was different, someone whoseemed to be quite worried, and that was Greta Thunberg. I decided right therethat everything else seemed hopeless and didn't seem to make sense, so I joinedher climate strike right there at the conference. It was my very first climatestrike ever and an incredibly strange setting, just me and her sitting there atthis conference hall, surrounded by this busyness of the suit-wearingconference crowd who had no idea what to do with us. And yet, this felt morepowerful than anything I had expected in a very long time. And it was rightthere that I felt it was maybe time to start striking in Germany. I was nowcertain that no one else was going to fix this for us, and if there was justthe slightest chance that this could make a difference, it seemed almostfoolish not to give it a go. So I --
就在这次大会的荒谬与悲哀上演之后，有个与众不同的人站了出来，看起来十分担忧——她就是格蕾塔·通贝里。我当下就认定，其他选项似乎都没有希望，也行不通。于是我加入了她的气候罢课运动。那是我人生第一次参与气候罢课，当时的场面很奇怪，只有我和她坐在会议厅，周围是一群身着西装的会议人员，对我们束手无策。不过，我感受到了一股力量，比任何曾感受过的都更强烈。于是从那时我开始思考，或许是时候在德国来一场罢课了。我非常确定，没有人会来帮我们解决气候问题，如果我能让情况有些许不同，即便只是最微小的改变，那么不去尝试便是愚蠢的。于是我——
06:58
(Applause)
（掌声）
07:07
So I traveled back to Berlin. I foundallies who had the same idea at the same time, and together we thought we'dgive this "Fridays For Future" thing a go. Obviously, we had no ideawhat we were getting into. Before our first strike, many of us, including me,had never organized a public demonstration or any kind of protest before. Wehad no money, no resources and absolutely no idea what climate striking reallyis. So we started doing what we were good at: we started texting, texting enmasse, night and day, everyone we could reach, organizing our first climatestrike via WhatsApp.
于是我回到柏林，找到了志同道合的盟友，打算共同发起“周五为未来”的活动。显然，我们不知道该怎么做。在第一次罢课之前，许多人，包括我，对如何组织公共抗议都毫无经验。我们没有钱，没有资源，对气候罢课没有任何概念。于是我们开始做擅长的事：我们开始联系他人。齐心协力、不分昼夜地联系能接触到的每一个人，在 WhatsApp 上组织了第一次气候罢课。
07:46
The night before our first strike, I was sonervous I couldn't sleep. I didn't know what to expect, but I expected theworst. Maybe it was because we weren't the only ones who had been longing tohave a voice in a political environment that had seemingly forgotten how toinclude young people's perspective into decision-making, maybe. But somehowthis worked out. And from one day to the other, we were all over the place. AndI, from one day to the other, became a climate activist.
罢课活动前的那个晚上，我紧张得睡不着。我不知道该期待什么，但我想到了最坏的结果。或许因为我们不是唯一渴望向政治环境发声，却似乎已被忽略、无法参与决策的年轻人。但，我们成功了。两天之内，我们出现在德国的每个角落。并且，我在这两天里，成为了一个气候活动者。
08:30
Usually, in these kind of TED Talks, Iwould now say how it's overly hopeful, how we young people are going to getthis sorted, how we're going to save the future and the planet and everythingelse, how we young people striking for the climate are going to fix this.Usually. But this is not how this works. This is not how this crisis works.Here's a twist: today, three and a half years after that Paris Agreement wassigned, when we look at the science, we find it's still possible to keep globalwarming to below two degrees -- technically. And we also see it's stillpossible to hold other disastrous developments we're seeing, such as massextinction and soil degradation -- yes, technically. It's just incredibly,incredibly unlikely.
通常来说，在这类 TED 演讲中，我现在应该要开始说未来多么有希望，我们年轻人将如何解决这些问题，我们将会如何拯救未来，拯救世界，我们将会如何靠气候罢课而解决气候难题。通常是这样。但事实不是这样的。这不是气候危机的运作方式。现实情况是，如今，《巴黎协议》签订三年半后，当我们着眼于科学，会发现想要控制暖化两度以下还是有可能的——理论上。我们也看到了阻碍其它灾难发展的可能，例如物种灭绝和土壤退化——是的，理论上。只是可能性非常非常小。
09:34
And in any case, the world would have tosee changes which we have never experienced before. We'd have to fullydecarbonize our economies by 2050 and transform the distribution of powers thatis currently allowing those fossil fuel giants and political leaders to stay ontop of the game. We are talking of nothing less than the greatesttransformation since the Industrial Revolution. We are talking, if you want toput it that way, we are talking of a climate revolution in a minimum amount oftime. We wouldn't have a single further year to lose.
不论如何，这个世界需要看到前所未有的改变。我们需要在 2050 年以前将碳从经济贡献中去除，改变权力分配，让那些燃煤巨头和政治领袖们不再处于权力顶尖位置。我们正在说的是自工业革命后一场史无前例的巨大转变。或者，如果你想这么说，我们在说的是极短时间内的一场气候革命。我们再输不起一年了。
10:15
And in any case, for any of that change tohappen, the world needs to stop relying on one or two or three million schoolstrikers to sort this out. Yes, we are great, we are going to keep going, andwe are going to go to places no one ever expected us, yes. But we are not thelimit; we are the start. This is not a job for a single generation. This is ajob for humanity. And this is when all eyes are on you. For this change tohappen, we will have to get one million things sorted. It's an incrediblycomplex thing, after all. But ... there are some things that everyone can getstarted with.
无论如何，为了实现任何一项改变，这个世界不能单靠几百万学生的罢课来解决问题。是的，我们很棒，我们会坚持下去，我们会去到那些人们本不期望我们到达的地方。但我们不是终点，我们是开端。这不是某一代人的事业，这是全人类的事业。这是个所有人寄望于你的时刻。为了让改变发生，我们要解决一百万个问题。这确实是个无比复杂的事情。但……每个人都可以从一些小事做起。
11:06
Bad news first: if you thought I would tellyou now to cycle more or eat less meat, to fly less, or to go secondhandshopping, sorry, this is not that easy. But here comes the good news: you aremore than consumers and shoppers, even though the industry would like you tokeep yourselves limited to that. No; me and you -- we are all political beings,and we can all be part of this answer. We can all be something that many peoplecall climate activists. Yay?
坏消息是：如果你以为我要告诉你更多的循环利用，或者少吃肉，少乘坐飞机或者去二手市场购物，抱歉，没有那么简单。但好消息是：你不只是消费者和购物者，即便业界希望你止步于此。不。我和你们——我们都是政治的一员，我们都能书写答案，我们能成为所谓的气候活动者。是吧？
11:40
(Laughter)
(笑声）
11:42
So what are the first steps? Four firststeps that are essential to get everything else done, four first steps thateveryone can get started with, four first steps that decide about everythingthat can happen after.
那么要如何开始呢？开始阶段是最重要的，有四点每个人都可以开始去做。这四点决定了之后的所有事情。
11:57
So what's that?
那么是什么呢？
12:00
Number one: we need to drastically reframeour understanding of a climate activist, our understanding of who can be theanswer to this. A climate activist isn't that one person that's read everysingle study and is now spending every afternoon handing out leaflets aboutvegetarianism in shopping malls. No. A climate activist can be everyone,everyone who wants to join a movement of those who intend to grow old on aplanet that prioritizes protection of natural environments and happiness andhealth for the many over the destruction of the climate and the wrecking of theplanet for the profits of the few. And since the climate crisis is affectingevery single part of our social, of our political and of our private life, weneed climate activists everywhere on every corner, not only in every room, butalso in every city and country and state and continent.
第一：我们需要快速转变对气候活动者的认识，重新理解谁能成为气候问题的答案。气候活动者不是那些阅读每一项研究 然后每个下午在商场门口发放 素食主义传单的人。不。气候活动者可以是任何人，任何只要他们希望活在一个以保护自然环境和保障大多数人类健康幸福为宗旨的世界，而不是破坏气候，摧毁地球，而让少数人获利。因为气候危机正影响着社会政治生活和个人生活的每个环节，气候活动者需要出现在每个地方每个角落。不仅是每间屋子，更是每个城市、每个国家、每个州、每块大陆。
13:03
Second: I need you to get out of that zoneof convenience, away from a business as usual that has no tomorrow. All of youhere, you are either a friend or a family member, you are a worker, acolleague, a student, a teacher or, in many cases, a voter. All of this comesalong with a responsibility that this crisis requires you to grow up to.There's the company that employs you or that sponsors you. Is it on track ofmeeting the Paris Agreement? Does your local parliamentarian know that you careabout this, that you want this to be a priority in every election? Does yourbest friend know about this? Do you read a newspaper or write a newspaper?Great. Then let them know you want them to report on this in every issue, andthat you want them to challenge decision makers in every single interview. Ifyou're a singer, sing about this. If you're a teacher, teach about this. And ifyou have a bank account, tell your bank you're going to leave if they keepinvesting in fossil fuels. And, of course, on Fridays, you should all know whatto do.
第二：我们需要跳出舒适圈，远离一切没有未来的商业活动。在场的各位是朋友或家人，你们也是从业者，同事，学生，老师，或者，在更多情况下，你们是选民。这些都伴随着责任，气候危机需要你投身帮助。那些雇佣你或者赞助你的公司，它们有没有遵守《巴黎协议》？你们当地的议员知道你关心气候问题并希望将其作为选举的主要参考吗？你最好的朋友了解气候问题吗？你阅读报纸，或者撰写报刊吗？这很好，那就让他们知道你想要在每一期报道气候问题，想要在每次采访中质询决策制定者。如果你是歌手，那么歌唱它；如果你是教师，那么传授它；如果你有银行账户，告诉银行如果他们继续投资化石燃料那么你就要取消账户。还有在星期五，你知道该怎么做。
14:18
Thirdly: leaving that zone of convenienceworks best when you join forces. One person asking for inconvenient change ismostly inconvenient. Two, five, ten, one hundred people asking for inconvenientchange are hard to ignore. The more you are, the harder it gets for people tojustify a system that has no future. Power is not something that you eitherhave or don't have. Power is something you either take or leave to others, andit grows once you share it. We young people on the streets, we school strikers,we are showing how this can work out. One single school striker will always beone single school striker -- well, Greta Thunberg. Two, five, ten, one thousandpeople striking school are a movement, and that's what we need everywhere. Nopressure.
第三：人多力量大。一个人发出改变的诉求将是困难的； 但两个，五个，十个，一百个人发出诉求，就难以被忽略。人数越多，人们就越难替没有未来的系统开脱。力量并不是单纯的有，或没有。力量是你可以争取，或放弃的东西，而一旦传递，力量便壮大。我们这些街头的年轻人，罢课学生，我们证明了这是可行的。一个罢课学生将永远只是一个人——就像格蕾塔·通贝里。但两个，五个，十个，一千个学生一起参与的运动，就是我们想要的。不要有压力。
15:11
(Laughter)
（笑）
15:13
And number four, finally -- and this isprobably the most important aspect of all of this -- I need you to start takingyourselves more seriously. If there's one thing I've learned during sevenmonths of organizing climate action, it's that if you don't go for something,chances are high that no one else will. The most powerful institutions of thisworld have no intention of changing the game they're profiting from most, sothere's no point in further relying on them. That's scary, I know. That's ahuge responsibility, a huge burden on everyone's shoulders, yes. But this alsomeans, if we want to, we can have a say in this. We can be part of that change.We can be part of that answer. And that's quite beautiful, right?
最后，第四：或许是最重要的一点——我需要你们更认真的看待自己。如果说我在 7 个月的组织气候运动中 学到了什么，那就是，如果你不主动追求，很有可能没有人会去做了。这个世界最有权力的机构不会想要改变 使其利益最大化的游戏规则，所以再依赖他们没有意义。这很吓人，我知道。这是巨大的责任，是每个人肩头沉重的负担。但同时也意味着，如果我们想，我们就有发言权。我们能成为改变的一部分，我们能成为答案的一部分。这很美好，对吧？
16:17
So let's give it a try, let's rock androll, let's flood the world with climate activists. Let's get out of the zonesof convenience and join forces and start taking ourselves more seriously.Imagine what this world would look like, where children would grow up, knowingtheir future was this one great adventure to look forward to and nothing to bescared of, what this world would look like when the next climate conference isthis great happening of people who come together, who had heard the voices ofmillions, who would then roll up their sleeves, ready to create real change.
所以不如试一试，大干一场，让这个世界充满气候活动者。让我们跳出舒适圈，联合起来，重视自己的力量。想象一下世界将会如何，以后的孩子们，知道他们未来的成长将是一场精彩的冒险，令人期待，无所畏惧；下一次的气候大会，将会是人们齐聚一堂，代表世界百万人的声音，然后撸起袖子，创造全新的改变。
17:00
You know, I dream of this world wheregeography classes teach about the climate crisis as this one greatest challengethat was won by people like you and me, who had started acting in time becausethey understood they had nothing to lose and everything to win.
想象一下，我梦想的世界中，地理课上会把气候危机介绍成历史上人类战胜的最伟大挑战，因为我们及时行动，因为我们明白没有退路，唯有胜利。
17:29
So why not give it a go? No one else willsave the future for us. This is more than an invitation. Spread the word.
所以为什么不行动起来呢？不要指望别人来拯救我们的未来。这不仅是一个邀请，请大家向世界传播出去。
17:36
Thank you.
谢谢大家。
17:37
(Applause)
（掌声）
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