VOA慢速英语：修正尸检：黑人因镇静拘束而死亡
Amended Autopsy: Black Man Died Due to Sedative, Restraint
修正尸检：黑人因镇静拘束而死亡
DENVER —
丹佛—
A Black man died after a police encounter in a Denver suburb in 2019 because he was injected with a powerful sedative after being forcibly restrained, according to an amended autopsy report publicly released Friday.
根据周五公开发布的经修订的尸检报告，一名黑人男子于 2019 年在丹佛郊区与警察相遇后死亡，原因是他在被强行束缚后被注射了强效镇静剂。
Despite the finding, the death of Elijah McClain, a 23-year-old massage therapist, was still listed as undetermined, not a homicide, the report shows. McClain was put in a neck hold and injected with ketamine after being stopped by police in Aurora for “being suspicious.” He was unarmed.
报告显示，尽管有这一发现，但 23 岁的按摩治疗师 Elijah McClain 的死亡仍被列为未定案，而不是凶杀案。麦克莱恩在奥罗拉（Aurora）因“可疑”而被警察拦下后，被勒住脖子并注射了氯胺酮。他手无寸铁。
The original autopsy report that was written soon after his death in August 2019 did not reach a conclusion about how he died or what type of death it was, such as if it was natural, accidental or a homicide. That was a major reason why prosecutors initially decided not to pursue charges.
在他于 2019 年 8 月去世后不久撰写的原始尸检报告并没有得出关于他是如何死亡或死亡类型（例如是自然死亡、意外死亡还是他杀）的结论。这是检察官最初决定不起诉的主要原因。
But a state grand jury last year indicted three officers and two paramedics on manslaughter and reckless homicide charges in McClain’s death after the case drew renewed attention following the killing of George Floyd in 2020. It became a rallying cry during the national reckoning over racism and police brutality.
但是，在 2020 年乔治·弗洛伊德（George Floyd）被杀后，该案再次引起人们的关注，因此州大陪审团去年以过失杀人罪和鲁莽杀人罪起诉了三名警官和两名护理人员。
The five accused have not yet entered pleas and their lawyers have not commented publicly on the charges.
五名被告尚未认罪，他们的律师也没有公开评论这些指控。
In the updated report, completed in July 2021, Dr. Stephen Cina, a pathologist, concluded that the ketamine dosage given to McClain, which was higher than recommended for someone his size, “was too much for this individual and it resulted in an overdose, even though his blood ketamine level was consistent with a ‘therapeutic’ blood concentration.”
在 2021 年 7 月完成的更新报告中，病理学家 Stephen Cina 博士得出结论认为，给予麦克莱恩的氯胺酮剂量高于他体型的推荐剂量，“对这个人来说太多了，导致服用过量，尽管他的血液氯胺酮水平与‘治疗性’血液浓度一致。”
He said he could not rule out that changes in McClain’s blood chemistry, like an increase in lactic acid, due to his exertion while being restrained by police contributed to his death but concluded there was no evidence that injuries inflicted by police caused his death.
他说他不能排除麦克莱恩血液化学的变化，例如乳酸的增加，这是由于他的在被警察约束期间的劳累导致了他的死亡，但得出的结论是，没有证据表明警察造成的伤害导致他死亡。
“I believe that Mr. McClain would most likely be alive but for the administration of ketamine,” said Cina, who noted that body camera footage shows McClain becoming “extremely
“我相信麦克莱恩先生很可能还活着，如果不是因为行政当局氯胺酮，”Cina 说，他指出身体摄像机镜头显示麦克莱恩变得“非常
Cina acknowledged that other reasonable pathologists with different experience and training may have labeled such a death, while in police custody, as a homicide or accident, but that he believes the appropriate classification is undetermined.
Cina 承认，其他具有不同经验和训练的合理病理学家可能会将这种死亡在警方拘留期间标记为凶杀或事故，但他认为适当的分类尚未确定。
Qusair Mohamedbhai, attorney for McClain’s mother, Sheneen McClain, declined a request for comment.
Qusair Mohamedbhai，麦克莱恩母亲的律师谢宁麦克莱恩拒绝置评。
Dr. Carl Wigren, a forensic pathologist in Washington state, questioned the report’s focus on ketamine, saying all the available evidence — including a highly critical independent review of McClain’s death commissioned by Aurora last year — point to McClain dying as a result of compressional asphyxia, a type of suffocation, from officers putting pressure on his body while restraining him. He was struck by one passage in the city’s review citing the ambulance company’s report that its crew found McClain lying on the ground on his stomach, his arms handcuffed behind his back, his torso and legs held down, with at least three officers on top of him.
华盛顿州的法医病理学家 Carl Wigren 博士质疑该报告对氯胺酮的关注，称所有可用的证据——包括去年 Aurora 委托对麦克莱恩死亡的高度批判性独立审查——都表明麦克莱恩死于压迫性窒息，一种窒息，警察在约束他的同时对他的身体施加压力。他被该市评论中的一段话打动，该报告援引救护车公司的报告称，其工作人员发现麦克莱恩趴在地上，双手被铐在背后，躯干和双腿被压下，至少有三名警官压在他的身上。
That scene was not captured on body camera footage, the report said, but much of what happened between police was not because the officers’ cameras came off soon after McClain was approached. The cameras did continue to record where they fell and captured people talking.
报告说，那一幕没有被随身摄像机拍下来，但警察之间发生的大部分事情并不是因为警察的摄像机在接近麦克莱恩后不久就关闭了。摄像机确实继续记录他们跌倒的位置并捕捉到人们的谈话。
Just because McClain, who said he couldn’t breathe, could be heard making some statements on the footage, does not mean he was able to fully breathe, Wigren said. Ketamine, which slows breathing, could have just exacerbated McClain’s condition, but Wigren does not think it caused his death.
仅仅因为可以听到麦克莱恩（他说他无法呼吸）在镜头上发表一些声明，但这并不意味着他能够充分呼吸，Wigren 说。会减慢呼吸的氯胺酮可能只会加剧麦克莱恩的病情，但威格伦认为这不会导致他的死亡。
However, another pathologist, Dr. Deborah G. Johnson of Colorado, said McClain’s quick reaction to ketamine suggests that it was a cause of McClain’s death, but she said its use cannot be separated from the impact that the police restraint may have had. McClain may have had trouble breathing because of the restraint and having less oxygen in your system would make the sedative take effect more quickly, she said.
然而，另一位病理学家，科罗拉多州的黛博拉·约翰逊博士说，麦克莱恩对氯胺酮的快速反应表明它是麦克莱恩死亡的一个原因，但她说它的使用与警方克制可能产生的影响是分不开的。她说，麦克莱恩可能因为克制而呼吸困难，并且系统中的氧气减少会使镇静剂更快起效。
Both thought the death could have been labeled as a homicide — a death caused by the actions of other people — which they pointed out is a separate judgment from deciding whether someone should be prosecuted with a crime for causing it.
两人都认为这起死亡事件可能被贴上了凶杀的标签——由其他人的行为造成的死亡——他们指出，这与决定某人是否应该因造成该罪行而受到起诉是一个独立的判断。
McClain got an overdose of ketamine, Johnson said, noting that the paramedics were working at night when it is hard to judge someone’s weight.
麦克莱恩服用了过量的氯胺酮，约翰逊说，并指出医护人员在晚上工作时很难判断一个人的体重。
“Was that a mistake to send someone to prison for? I don’t think so,” she said.
“将某人送进监狱是一个错误吗？我不这么认为，”她说。
The updated autopsy was released Friday under a court order in a lawsuit brought by Colorado Public Radio, joined by other media organizations including The Associated Press. Colorado Public Radio sued the coroner to release the report after learning it had been updated, arguing that it should be made available under the state’s public records law.
在科罗拉多公共广播电台提起的诉讼中，更新的尸检已于周五发布，包括美联社在内的其他媒体组织也加入了诉讼。科罗拉多公共广播电台在得知报告已更新后起诉验尸官发布该报告，称该报告应根据该州的公共记录法提供。
Coroner Monica Broncucia-Jordan said she could not release it because it contained confidential grand jury information and that releasing it would violate the oath she made not to share it when she obtained it last year.
验尸官 Monica Broncucia-Jordan 表示，她无法发布它，因为它包含机密的大陪审团信息，并且发布它违反了她去年获得它时做出的不分享的誓言。
But Adams County District Judge Kyle Seedorf ordered the coroner to release the updated report by Friday, and a Denver judge who oversees state grand jury proceedings, Christopher Baumann, ruled Thursday that grand jury information did not have be redacted from the updated report.
但是亚当斯县地区法官凯尔·西多夫下令验尸官在周五之前发布更新的报告，负责监督州大陪审团程序的丹佛法官克里斯托弗·鲍曼周四裁定，大陪审团的信息没有从更新的报告中删除。
Cina noted that the report was updated based on extensive body camera footage, witness statements and records that he did not have at the time of the original autopsy report, which were not made available to the coroner’s office at all or in their entirety before. Last year, Cina and Broncucia-Jordan received some material that was made available to the grand jury last year, according to court documents, but they did not say what exactly that material was.
Cina 指出，该报告是根据大量的人体摄像机镜头、证人陈述和记录进行更新的，而这些记录在最初的尸检报告时并没有，而这些资料以前根本没有或全部提供给验尸官办公室。根据法庭文件，去年，Cina 和 Broncucia-Jordan 收到了一些去年提供给大陪审团的材料，但他们没有说明这些材料到底是什么。
McClain’s death fueled renewed scrutiny about the use of the ketamine and led Colorado’s health department to issue a new rule limiting when emergency workers can use it.
麦克莱恩的死引发了对氯胺酮使用的重新审查，并导致科罗拉多州卫生部门发布了一项新规则，限制急救人员何时可以使用它。
Last year, the city of Aurora agreed to pay $15 million to settle a lawsuit brought by McClain’s parents. The lawsuit alleged the force officers used against McClain and his struggle to survive it dramatically increased the amount of lactic acid in his system, leading to his death, possibly along with the large dose of ketamine he was given.
去年，奥罗拉市同意支付 1500 万美元解决麦克莱恩父母提起的诉讼。该诉讼称，对麦克莱恩使用的警力以及他为生存而进行的斗争大大增加了他系统中的乳酸量，导致他死亡，可能与他服用的大剂量氯胺酮一起死亡。
The outside investigation commissioned by the city faulted the police probe into McClain’s arrest for not pressing for answers about how officers treated him. It found there was no evidence justifying officers’ decision to stop McClain, who had been reported as suspicious because he was wearing a ski mask as he walked down the street waving his hands. He was not accused of breaking any law.
该市委托进行的外部调查指责警方对麦克莱恩被捕的调查没有要求警察如何对待他的答案。它发现没有证据证明警察决定阻止麦克莱恩的决定是合理的，麦克莱恩被报道为可疑，因为他在街上挥手时戴着滑雪面罩。他没有被指控违反任何法律。
Police reform activist Candice Bailey had mixed emotions about seeing the amended autopsy.
警察改革活动人士坎迪斯·贝利对看到修改后的尸检感到复杂。
“I do believe that it does get us a step closer to anything that is a semblance of justice,” said Bailey, an activist in the city of Aurora who has led demonstrations over the death of McClain.
“我确实相信它确实让我们更接近任何表面上的正义，”贝利说，他是奥罗拉市的一名活动家，曾领导过麦克莱恩之死的示威活动。
But Bailey added that she is “extremely saddened that there is still a controversy around whether or not the EMTs and officers should be held responsible for what they did, and as to whether or not this was actually murder.”
但贝利补充说，她“非常难过的是，关于 EMT 和官员是否应该为他们的所作所为负责，以及这是否真的是谋杀，仍然存在争议。”
修正尸检：黑人因镇静拘束而死亡
DENVER —
丹佛—
A Black man died after a police encounter in a Denver suburb in 2019 because he was injected with a powerful sedative after being forcibly restrained, according to an amended autopsy report publicly released Friday.
根据周五公开发布的经修订的尸检报告，一名黑人男子于 2019 年在丹佛郊区与警察相遇后死亡，原因是他在被强行束缚后被注射了强效镇静剂。
Despite the finding, the death of Elijah McClain, a 23-year-old massage therapist, was still listed as undetermined, not a homicide, the report shows. McClain was put in a neck hold and injected with ketamine after being stopped by police in Aurora for “being suspicious.” He was unarmed.
报告显示，尽管有这一发现，但 23 岁的按摩治疗师 Elijah McClain 的死亡仍被列为未定案，而不是凶杀案。麦克莱恩在奥罗拉（Aurora）因“可疑”而被警察拦下后，被勒住脖子并注射了氯胺酮。他手无寸铁。
The original autopsy report that was written soon after his death in August 2019 did not reach a conclusion about how he died or what type of death it was, such as if it was natural, accidental or a homicide. That was a major reason why prosecutors initially decided not to pursue charges.
在他于 2019 年 8 月去世后不久撰写的原始尸检报告并没有得出关于他是如何死亡或死亡类型（例如是自然死亡、意外死亡还是他杀）的结论。这是检察官最初决定不起诉的主要原因。
But a state grand jury last year indicted three officers and two paramedics on manslaughter and reckless homicide charges in McClain’s death after the case drew renewed attention following the killing of George Floyd in 2020. It became a rallying cry during the national reckoning over racism and police brutality.
但是，在 2020 年乔治·弗洛伊德（George Floyd）被杀后，该案再次引起人们的关注，因此州大陪审团去年以过失杀人罪和鲁莽杀人罪起诉了三名警官和两名护理人员。
The five accused have not yet entered pleas and their lawyers have not commented publicly on the charges.
五名被告尚未认罪，他们的律师也没有公开评论这些指控。
In the updated report, completed in July 2021, Dr. Stephen Cina, a pathologist, concluded that the ketamine dosage given to McClain, which was higher than recommended for someone his size, “was too much for this individual and it resulted in an overdose, even though his blood ketamine level was consistent with a ‘therapeutic’ blood concentration.”
在 2021 年 7 月完成的更新报告中，病理学家 Stephen Cina 博士得出结论认为，给予麦克莱恩的氯胺酮剂量高于他体型的推荐剂量，“对这个人来说太多了，导致服用过量，尽管他的血液氯胺酮水平与‘治疗性’血液浓度一致。”
He said he could not rule out that changes in McClain’s blood chemistry, like an increase in lactic acid, due to his exertion while being restrained by police contributed to his death but concluded there was no evidence that injuries inflicted by police caused his death.
他说他不能排除麦克莱恩血液化学的变化，例如乳酸的增加，这是由于他的在被警察约束期间的劳累导致了他的死亡，但得出的结论是，没有证据表明警察造成的伤害导致他死亡。
“I believe that Mr. McClain would most likely be alive but for the administration of ketamine,” said Cina, who noted that body camera footage shows McClain becoming “extremely
“我相信麦克莱恩先生很可能还活着，如果不是因为行政当局氯胺酮，”Cina 说，他指出身体摄像机镜头显示麦克莱恩变得“非常
Cina acknowledged that other reasonable pathologists with different experience and training may have labeled such a death, while in police custody, as a homicide or accident, but that he believes the appropriate classification is undetermined.
Cina 承认，其他具有不同经验和训练的合理病理学家可能会将这种死亡在警方拘留期间标记为凶杀或事故，但他认为适当的分类尚未确定。
Qusair Mohamedbhai, attorney for McClain’s mother, Sheneen McClain, declined a request for comment.
Qusair Mohamedbhai，麦克莱恩母亲的律师谢宁麦克莱恩拒绝置评。
Dr. Carl Wigren, a forensic pathologist in Washington state, questioned the report’s focus on ketamine, saying all the available evidence — including a highly critical independent review of McClain’s death commissioned by Aurora last year — point to McClain dying as a result of compressional asphyxia, a type of suffocation, from officers putting pressure on his body while restraining him. He was struck by one passage in the city’s review citing the ambulance company’s report that its crew found McClain lying on the ground on his stomach, his arms handcuffed behind his back, his torso and legs held down, with at least three officers on top of him.
华盛顿州的法医病理学家 Carl Wigren 博士质疑该报告对氯胺酮的关注，称所有可用的证据——包括去年 Aurora 委托对麦克莱恩死亡的高度批判性独立审查——都表明麦克莱恩死于压迫性窒息，一种窒息，警察在约束他的同时对他的身体施加压力。他被该市评论中的一段话打动，该报告援引救护车公司的报告称，其工作人员发现麦克莱恩趴在地上，双手被铐在背后，躯干和双腿被压下，至少有三名警官压在他的身上。
That scene was not captured on body camera footage, the report said, but much of what happened between police was not because the officers’ cameras came off soon after McClain was approached. The cameras did continue to record where they fell and captured people talking.
报告说，那一幕没有被随身摄像机拍下来，但警察之间发生的大部分事情并不是因为警察的摄像机在接近麦克莱恩后不久就关闭了。摄像机确实继续记录他们跌倒的位置并捕捉到人们的谈话。
Just because McClain, who said he couldn’t breathe, could be heard making some statements on the footage, does not mean he was able to fully breathe, Wigren said. Ketamine, which slows breathing, could have just exacerbated McClain’s condition, but Wigren does not think it caused his death.
仅仅因为可以听到麦克莱恩（他说他无法呼吸）在镜头上发表一些声明，但这并不意味着他能够充分呼吸，Wigren 说。会减慢呼吸的氯胺酮可能只会加剧麦克莱恩的病情，但威格伦认为这不会导致他的死亡。
However, another pathologist, Dr. Deborah G. Johnson of Colorado, said McClain’s quick reaction to ketamine suggests that it was a cause of McClain’s death, but she said its use cannot be separated from the impact that the police restraint may have had. McClain may have had trouble breathing because of the restraint and having less oxygen in your system would make the sedative take effect more quickly, she said.
然而，另一位病理学家，科罗拉多州的黛博拉·约翰逊博士说，麦克莱恩对氯胺酮的快速反应表明它是麦克莱恩死亡的一个原因，但她说它的使用与警方克制可能产生的影响是分不开的。她说，麦克莱恩可能因为克制而呼吸困难，并且系统中的氧气减少会使镇静剂更快起效。
Both thought the death could have been labeled as a homicide — a death caused by the actions of other people — which they pointed out is a separate judgment from deciding whether someone should be prosecuted with a crime for causing it.
两人都认为这起死亡事件可能被贴上了凶杀的标签——由其他人的行为造成的死亡——他们指出，这与决定某人是否应该因造成该罪行而受到起诉是一个独立的判断。
McClain got an overdose of ketamine, Johnson said, noting that the paramedics were working at night when it is hard to judge someone’s weight.
麦克莱恩服用了过量的氯胺酮，约翰逊说，并指出医护人员在晚上工作时很难判断一个人的体重。
“Was that a mistake to send someone to prison for? I don’t think so,” she said.
“将某人送进监狱是一个错误吗？我不这么认为，”她说。
The updated autopsy was released Friday under a court order in a lawsuit brought by Colorado Public Radio, joined by other media organizations including The Associated Press. Colorado Public Radio sued the coroner to release the report after learning it had been updated, arguing that it should be made available under the state’s public records law.
在科罗拉多公共广播电台提起的诉讼中，更新的尸检已于周五发布，包括美联社在内的其他媒体组织也加入了诉讼。科罗拉多公共广播电台在得知报告已更新后起诉验尸官发布该报告，称该报告应根据该州的公共记录法提供。
Coroner Monica Broncucia-Jordan said she could not release it because it contained confidential grand jury information and that releasing it would violate the oath she made not to share it when she obtained it last year.
验尸官 Monica Broncucia-Jordan 表示，她无法发布它，因为它包含机密的大陪审团信息，并且发布它违反了她去年获得它时做出的不分享的誓言。
But Adams County District Judge Kyle Seedorf ordered the coroner to release the updated report by Friday, and a Denver judge who oversees state grand jury proceedings, Christopher Baumann, ruled Thursday that grand jury information did not have be redacted from the updated report.
但是亚当斯县地区法官凯尔·西多夫下令验尸官在周五之前发布更新的报告，负责监督州大陪审团程序的丹佛法官克里斯托弗·鲍曼周四裁定，大陪审团的信息没有从更新的报告中删除。
Cina noted that the report was updated based on extensive body camera footage, witness statements and records that he did not have at the time of the original autopsy report, which were not made available to the coroner’s office at all or in their entirety before. Last year, Cina and Broncucia-Jordan received some material that was made available to the grand jury last year, according to court documents, but they did not say what exactly that material was.
Cina 指出，该报告是根据大量的人体摄像机镜头、证人陈述和记录进行更新的，而这些记录在最初的尸检报告时并没有，而这些资料以前根本没有或全部提供给验尸官办公室。根据法庭文件，去年，Cina 和 Broncucia-Jordan 收到了一些去年提供给大陪审团的材料，但他们没有说明这些材料到底是什么。
McClain’s death fueled renewed scrutiny about the use of the ketamine and led Colorado’s health department to issue a new rule limiting when emergency workers can use it.
麦克莱恩的死引发了对氯胺酮使用的重新审查，并导致科罗拉多州卫生部门发布了一项新规则，限制急救人员何时可以使用它。
Last year, the city of Aurora agreed to pay $15 million to settle a lawsuit brought by McClain’s parents. The lawsuit alleged the force officers used against McClain and his struggle to survive it dramatically increased the amount of lactic acid in his system, leading to his death, possibly along with the large dose of ketamine he was given.
去年，奥罗拉市同意支付 1500 万美元解决麦克莱恩父母提起的诉讼。该诉讼称，对麦克莱恩使用的警力以及他为生存而进行的斗争大大增加了他系统中的乳酸量，导致他死亡，可能与他服用的大剂量氯胺酮一起死亡。
The outside investigation commissioned by the city faulted the police probe into McClain’s arrest for not pressing for answers about how officers treated him. It found there was no evidence justifying officers’ decision to stop McClain, who had been reported as suspicious because he was wearing a ski mask as he walked down the street waving his hands. He was not accused of breaking any law.
该市委托进行的外部调查指责警方对麦克莱恩被捕的调查没有要求警察如何对待他的答案。它发现没有证据证明警察决定阻止麦克莱恩的决定是合理的，麦克莱恩被报道为可疑，因为他在街上挥手时戴着滑雪面罩。他没有被指控违反任何法律。
Police reform activist Candice Bailey had mixed emotions about seeing the amended autopsy.
警察改革活动人士坎迪斯·贝利对看到修改后的尸检感到复杂。
“I do believe that it does get us a step closer to anything that is a semblance of justice,” said Bailey, an activist in the city of Aurora who has led demonstrations over the death of McClain.
“我确实相信它确实让我们更接近任何表面上的正义，”贝利说，他是奥罗拉市的一名活动家，曾领导过麦克莱恩之死的示威活动。
But Bailey added that she is “extremely saddened that there is still a controversy around whether or not the EMTs and officers should be held responsible for what they did, and as to whether or not this was actually murder.”
但贝利补充说，她“非常难过的是，关于 EMT 和官员是否应该为他们的所作所为负责，以及这是否真的是谋杀，仍然存在争议。”
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