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VOA慢速英语:科罗拉多河下游发现入侵鱼类

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2022年09月30日

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VOA慢速英语:科罗拉多河下游发现入侵鱼类

Biologists in the American West are worried about an invasive kind of fish recently found in part of the Colorado River.
最近在科罗拉多河部分地区发现的一种侵入性鱼类,美国西部的生物学家为此十分担心。
 
Biologists have been working there to protect native fish which are threatened by the appearance of the smallmouth bass.
生物学家一直在那里工作,以保护受到小嘴鲈出现威胁的本地鱼类。
 
National Park Service fisheries biologist Jeff Arnold found three young smallmouth bass in the lower Colorado River recently. The park service confirmed that the fish had been found and were likely reproducing in the Colorado River below the Glen Canyon Dam in the Southwestern state of Arizona.
杰夫阿诺德是国家公园管理局渔业生物学家,他最近在科罗拉多河下游发现了三只年轻的小嘴鲈鱼。公园服务部门证实,确实已经发现了这条鱼,并且它们很可能在格伦峡谷大坝下方的科罗拉多河中繁殖。
 
The Colorado River is a major river of North America. It travels through parts of seven western U.S. states. Construction of the Glen Canyon Dam formed Lake Powell.
科罗拉多河是北美的一条主要河流,穿越美国西部七个州的部分地区。格伦峡谷大坝的建设形成了鲍威尔湖。
 
Smallmouth bass are a popular sport fish. But they feed on another kind of fish called the humpback chub. The humpback chub is an ancient fish that is native to the river but is threatened. Biologists like Arnold have been working to help the threatened fish recover.
它们可能是一种深受喜爱的运动鱼,但小嘴鲈鱼以座头鲢为食。座头鲢是一种古老的鱼类,原产于河流,像阿诺德这样的生物学家一直在努力恢复这种鱼群,但目前因小嘴鲈鱼的出现而受到威胁。
 
Predators like the smallmouth bass have caused problems for the upper river's environment. But they were held back for years in Lake Powell by the Glen Canyon Dam.
像小嘴鲈鱼这样的捕食者已经给上游的环境带来了破坏,但他们之前一直被格伦峡谷大坝困在鲍威尔湖。
 
However, with water levels dropping, the invasive fish have gotten past the dam and closer to where the chub remain.
然而,随着水位下降,入侵鱼已经越过大坝,更靠近鲢鱼了。
 
Brian Healy has worked with the humpback chub for more than 10 years. He established the Native Fish Ecology and Conservation Program.
布赖恩·希利 (Brian Healy) 与座头鲢一起工作了10多年,他建立了本地鱼类生态和保护计划。
 
Healy said, "It's pretty devastating to see all the hard work and effort you've put into removing other invasive species and translocating populations around to protect the fish and to see all that effort overturned really quickly."
希利说:“当你看到为了保护鱼类而把所有的努力和精力都投入到消灭其他入侵物种和迁移鱼群上,而这些努力很快将要被推翻了,这是相当令人震惊的。”
 
As lake levels drop, non-native fish that live in warm surface waters in Lake Powell are getting closer to the dam and its penstocks. Penstocks are underground steel tubes that carry water to machines that produce electricity from the water current. The water is then released on the other side of the dam.
随着湖水水位下降,生活在鲍威尔湖温暖地表水中的非本地鱼类越来越靠近大坝及其压力管。压力管是地下钢管,可将水输送到通过水流发电的机器。然后水被释放到大坝的另一边。
 
If predator fish continue to flow through the penstocks and populate the river below the dam, they could harm native fish. That could undo years of work restoring the river's environment.
如果捕食性鱼类继续流经压力管道并在大坝下方的河流中栖息,它们可能会伤害本地鱼类,那么多年来恢复河流环境的工作很可能付诸东流。
 
The chub almost disappeared years ago. But the fish have come back with help from fish biologists and scientists and engineers. Agencies spend millions of dollars each year to keep invasive species under control in the upper part of the river.
鲢鱼几年前几乎消失了。但在鱼类生物学家、科学家和工程师的努力下,这种鱼又回来了。机构每年花费数百万美元来控制河流上游的入侵物种。
 
The Endangered Species Act is a law that requires government agencies to act in ways that will not harm threatened animals. That includes structures like the Glen Canyon Dam.
《濒危物种法》是一项要求政府机构以不会伤害受威胁动物的方式行事的法律,包括了像格伦峡谷大坝这样的结构。
 
Federal, state, and other government leaders are expected to release a plan in August containing ideas for policymakers. Their aim is to control smallmouth bass and other predatory fish below the dam.
预计联邦、州和其他政府领导人将在8月发布一项计划,其中包含政策制定者的目标:控制大坝下的小嘴鲈和其他掠食性鱼类。
 
The National Park Service, U.S. Geological Survey, and Arizona Game and Fish Department are moving quickly to try and contain the problem. During an emergency meeting, they decided to increase efforts to follow fish populations and block off the part of the river where the smallmouth bass were found.
国家公园管理局、美国地质调查局和亚利桑那州野生动物和鱼类部门正在迅速采取行动,试图控制这一问题。在一次紧急会议上,他们决定加大力度追踪鱼类种群,并封锁发现小嘴鲈鱼的河流部分。
 
Arnold said the nets being used cannot keep out smaller fish. But he noted it is the best his group can do with available resources.
阿诺德说,目前正在使用的网无法阻挡较小的鱼,但这是团队利用可用资源所能做的最好的。
 
Experts say leaving more water in Lake Powell would be the best answer. But that is difficult under current dry conditions.
专家说,在鲍威尔湖留下更多的水将是最好的解决方法,但在目前干燥的条件下很难实现。
 
In June, the Department of the Interior told the seven states that depend on the Colorado River to save nearly 5 billion cubic meters of water. It is unclear where that water will be stored. But Healy hopes Lake Powell is being considered.
6 月,内政部表示依赖科罗拉多河的七个州节约了近50亿立方米的水。目前尚不清楚这些水将储存在哪里,但希利希望鲍威尔湖有这个机会。
 
I'm Gregory Stachel.
格雷戈里·斯塔切尔报道。
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