2022年12月02日 VOA慢速英语：如何谈论音乐

 

Imagine that you hear music on the radio or on your phone. Maybe you like the sounds; maybe you do not.
想象一下，您在收音机或手机上听到音乐。也许你喜欢这些声音；也许你没有。
 
But how should you describe the music? What kinds of terms and structures should you use in a discussion?
但是你应该如何描述音乐？你应该在讨论中使用什么样的术语和结构？
 
In today's Everyday Grammar, we will explore how you can talk about music. You will learn about sentence patterns, adjectives, and adjectival prepositional phrases.
在今天的日常语法中，我们将探讨如何谈论音乐。您将学习句型、形容词和形容词介词短语。
 
Let's start with some important terms and ideas.
让我们从一些重要的术语和想法开始。
 
Sentence patterns, adjectives
句型、形容词
 
Sentences often fall into patterns – usual, repeated structures. One of the structures commonly used to describe music is as follows:
句子经常陷入模式——通常的、重复的结构。常用的描述音乐的结构之一如下：
 
Subject – linking verb – adjective (or subject complement)
主语-连接动词-形容词（或主语补语）
 
Consider this example:
考虑这个例子：
 
The music sounds nice.
音乐听起来不错。
 
The subject is "the music," the linking verb is "sounds," and the adjective is "nice."
主语是“the music ，”连接动词是“sounds”，形容词是“nice”。
 
The adjective is sometimes called the subject complement, meaning it completes the verb and modifies or describes the subject.
形容词有时被称为主语补语，意思是它完成动词并修饰或描述主语。
 
Common linking verbs used to describe music include "be" and "sound."
用于描述音乐的常见连接动词包括“be”和“sound”。
 
For example, a person might say:
例如，一个人可能会说：
 
This music is wild!
< br/>或者
 
Or
 
This music is boring.
这音乐很无聊。
 
In both cases, adjectives such as "wild" or "boring" play an important part in the sentence. They describe how the speaker feels about the music. Some adjectives have a negative meaning. Boring means uninteresting, tiresome. If a person says that the music is boring, they are suggesting that they do not like the music.
在这两种情况下，“狂野”或“无聊”等形容词在句子中都扮演着重要的角色。他们描述了演讲者对音乐的感受。有些形容词有否定的意思。无聊意味着无趣、令人厌烦。如果一个人说音乐很无聊，他们是在暗示他们不喜欢这种音乐。
 
Other common adjectives used to describe music include loud, soft, smooth, harsh, fast, and slow.
用于描述音乐的其他常见形容词包括响亮、柔和、流畅、刺耳、快速和缓慢。
 
Effects
效果
 
We can also describe the effects that music has on us. In this case, we can use adjectives such as "relaxing," "calming," "exciting," "moving," or "touching."
我们还可以描述音乐对我们的影响。在这种情况下，我们可以使用“放松”、“平静”、“兴奋”、“移动”或“触摸”等形容词。
 
For example:
例如
 
This music is relaxing.
这音乐让人放松。
 
Or
或者
 
This song is very touching.
这音乐让人放松。
 
Phrases
短语
 
Sometimes English speakers replace an adjective with a kind of phrase known as an adjectival prepositional phrase. These phrases – sometimes idiomatic expressions – name or describe something about the subject.
有时说英语的人用一种称为形容词介词短语的短语来代替形容词。这些短语 - 有时是惯用语 - 命名或描述主题的某些内容。
 
For example, you might say:
例如，您可能会说：
 
The violin sounds out of tune.
小提琴走调了。
 
Or
或者
 
The singer is out of his mind.
歌手疯了。
 
The former example – the one about the violin - uses the phrase "out of tune," meaning not having the correct pitch or intonation.
前一个例子——关于小提琴的那个——使用短语“走调”，意思是音高或语调不正确。
 
The latter example – the one about the singer – uses the phrase "out of his mind," meaning that the singer has lost control of his mind or went insane.
后一个例子——关于歌手的那个——使用了“out his mind”这个短语，意思是歌手失去了对他的思想的控制或者发疯了。
 
Practice
练习
 
Let's take some time to work with these ideas.
让我们花些时间研究这些想法。
 
Choose a linking verb to connect the noun "song" and the adjective "smooth."
选择一个连接动词来连接名词“歌曲”和形容词“流畅”。
Pause the audio to consider your answer.
暂停音频考虑你的答案。

Here is one possible answer:
这是一个可能的答案：

This song is smooth.
这首歌很流畅。

Now describe a singer's voice by using the expression "out of this world," meaning extremely impressive or enjoyable.
现在用“out of this world”这个表达来描述一位歌手的声音，意思是非常令人印象深刻或令人愉快。
 
Pause the audio to consider your answer.
暂停音频考虑你的答案。
Here are two possible answers:
这里有两种可能答案：
 
Her voice is out of this world!
她的声音出类拔萃！
 
Or
或者
 
His voice is out of this world!
他的声音出类拔萃！
 
Closing thoughts
结语
 
The next time you listen to music, ask yourself the following questions: How would you use what you have learned today to describe the music you are listening to?
下次你听音乐的时候，问自己以下问题：你会如何运用今天学到的东西来描述您正在听的音乐？
 
Are there other words or structures that you should use to describe the music?
您应该使用其他词或结构来描述音乐吗？
 
Asking yourself these kinds of questions can improve more than just your English skill. These questions could also deepen your enjoyment of the music itself.
问自己这些问题可以改善的不仅仅是你的英语能力。这些问题还可以加深您对音乐本身的享受。