2022年12月05日 VOA慢速英语：科学家使用量子计算机进行传送实验

 

Scientists say they have successfully used a quantum computer to "teleport" messages between two simulated black holes.
科学家们表示，他们已经成功地使用量子计算机在两个模拟黑洞之间“传送”信息。
 
Quantum computing uses elements of quantum physics to complete operations too complex for traditional computers. Quantum physics is the study of matter and energy at the level of atoms, or smaller.
量子计算使用量子物理学的元素完成对传统计算机而言过于复杂的操作。量子物理学是对原子或更小层次的物质和能量的研究。
 
Researchers recently announced they created two small simulated black holes in a quantum computer and sent an informational message between them.
研究人员最近宣布，他们在量子计算机中创建了两个小型模拟黑洞，并在它们之间发送了信息消息。
 
The team said the experiment created a simulated "wormhole." A wormhole is a hypothetical structure of space-time imagined as a passage that connects points separated in space and time.
该团队表示，该实验创建了一个模拟的“虫洞”。虫洞是一种假想的时空结构，被想象成连接时空分离点的通道。
 
A wormhole is considered a bridge between two faraway areas in the universe. Scientists describe them as Einstein–Rosen bridges. The two physicists who described them were Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen. Wormholes fit Einstein's theory of general relativity, which centers on gravity, one of the basic forces in the universe.
虫洞被认为是宇宙中两个遥远区域之间的桥梁。科学家将它们描述为爱因斯坦-罗森桥。描述它们的两位物理学家是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和内森·罗森。虫洞符合爱因斯坦的广义相对论，该理论以引力为中心，引力是宇宙中的基本力之一。
 
The researchers recently reported results of their experiment in a study in the publication Nature.
研究人员最近在《自然》杂志的一项研究中报告了他们的实验结果。
 
Maria Spiropulu is a physics professor at the California Institute of Technology. She helped lead the study. She described what the team created as a "baby wormhole."
Maria Spiropulu 是加州理工学院的物理学教授。她帮助领导了这项研究。她将团队创建的东西描述为“婴儿虫洞”。
 
Spiropulu said in a statement, "We found a quantum system that exhibits key properties of a gravitational wormhole yet is sufficiently small to implement on today's quantum hardware."
Spiropulu 在一份声明中说，“我们发现了一个量子系统，它展示了引力虫洞的关键特性，但足够小，可以在当今的量子计算机上实现硬件。”
 
She added that even though the experiment was a success, scientists are still a long way from being able to send people or other living things through such a wormhole.
她补充说，尽管实验取得了成功，但科学家们距离能够将人或其他生物送出这样的虫洞还有很长的路要走。
 
"Experimentally, for me, I will tell you that it's very, very far away," Spiropulu told reporters. "People come to me and they ask me, 'Can you put your dog in the wormhole?'
“通过实验，对我来说，我会告诉你它非常非常远，”斯皮罗普鲁告诉记者。 “人们来找我，他们问我，‘你能把你的狗放进虫洞吗？’
 
"So, no," she added, "That's a huge leap."
“所以，不，”她补充说，“这是一个巨大的飞跃。”
 
Joseph Lykken is a physicist at Fermilab, a U.S. government physics laboratory. He was a co-writer of the study. He explained that "there's a difference between something being possible in principle and possible in reality."
< br/>Joseph Lykken 是美国政府物理实验室费米实验室的物理学家。他是该研究的合著者。他解释说“原则上可能的事情与现实中可能的事情是有区别的。”
 
But Lykken added: "You have to start somewhere. And I think to me it's just exciting that we're able to get our hands on this at all."
但 Lykken 补充说：“你必须从某个地方开始。我认为对我来说，我们能够亲手解决这个问题真是令人兴奋。”
 
The researchers observed the simulated wormhole on a quantum device at Alphabet-owned Google.
研究人员观察了一个模拟虫洞Alphabet 旗下谷歌的量子设备。
 
The researchers noted that no actual wormhole was created. They said an actual wormhole would have resulted in "a rupture of space and time." However, they said a simulated wormhole did appear to be created, based on quantum information teleported using the Google computer.
研究人员指出，并没有创造出真正的虫洞。他们说，一个真正的虫洞会导致“空间和时间的破裂”。然而，他们表示，根据使用谷歌计算机传送的量子信息，似乎确实创建了一个模拟虫洞。
 
"These ideas have been around for a long time and they're very powerful ideas," Lykken said. "But in the end, we're in experimental science, and we've been struggling now for a very long time to find a way to explore these ideas in the laboratory," he added.
“这些想法已经存在很长时间了，它们是非常强大的想法，”Lykken 说。 “但归根结底，我们从事的是实验科学，很长一段时间以来，我们一直在努力寻找在实验室中探索这些想法的方法，”他补充道。